Kulephera kwa Malo Osungirako Zinthu Okhala ndi Chinyezi Chambiri: Njira Zopewera Kukhazikitsa Nyengo Yotentha

TL;DR — Ngati Muli ndi Masekondi 60 Okha

• Kukhazikitsa magetsi m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumadera otentha kumakumana ndi kulephera kwa 15-25% ya ma terminal block mkati mwa miyezi 18 poyerekeza ndi ochepera 2% m'malo otentha - chifukwa chinyezi chochuluka pa 80%+ chinyezi chimathandizira dzimbiri la galvanic pamalo olumikizirana ndi waya kupita ku kasupe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kukhale kovuta mpaka kutentha kupangitse kuti magetsi asokonezeke. Ma terminal block otsekedwa a IP67 okhala ndi nsapato zotsekera za silicone ndi ofunikira pa malo otentha akunja.
• Mapangidwe a ma terminal a clamp a masika amapanga njira zonyowetsera ma capillary pamalo olowera waya — ndimatchula ma terminal a screw clamp okhala ndi maulumikizidwe otsekedwa ogwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa tropical komwe kulowa kwa chinyezi ndiye njira yayikulu yolephera.
• Kulowera kwa chingwe chotsekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito nsapato zotsekera za silicone kapena chubu chomatira chotenthetsera pamalo olowera waya wotsekeredwa kumachotsa njira yoyamba yolowera chinyezi yomwe imayambitsa dzimbiri kuchokera ku waya kupita ku terminal.

Zimene Ndinaphunzira Zokhudza Kulephera kwa Magetsi a Kumadera Otentha Pambuyo pa Zaka Makumi Awiri Zopereka Malo Oyimilira

Pamene ndinayamba kupereka zida zolumikizira zamagetsi kwa akatswiri amagetsi ku Southeast Asia mu 2006, dandaulo lomwe ndinkamva nthawi zambiri linali lokhudza kulephera kwa ma terminal block m'malo oika magetsi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Akatswiri amagetsi ankamaliza kukhazikitsa kwatsopano, makinawo ankagwira ntchito bwino kwa miyezi ingapo yoyambirira, kenako ma circuit osiyanasiyana ankayamba kulephera - poyamba nthawi ndi nthawi, kenako pang'onopang'ono mpaka dera litalephera kwathunthu. Chifukwa kulepherako kunagawidwa m'ma circuit angapo mu kukhazikitsa kamodzi m'malo mokhazikika pamalo amodzi, mawonekedwewo ankasonyeza vuto la chilengedwe osati vuto la ntchito yoika. Pamene ndinayang'ana ma terminal blocks omwe analephera kubwezeretsedwa kuchokera ku malo oika magetsi m'mphepete mwa nyanja, njira yolephera inali yodziwikiratu: galvanic corrosion pa waya-to-contact interface, yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha kulowa kwa chinyezi m'nyumba ya terminal block.

Popeza malo otentha a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ali ndi chinyezi chozungulira chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapitirira 80%, ndipo chifukwa chakuti kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku m'malo otentha a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumapangitsa kuti madzi aziundana pamalo ozizira m'mawa kwambiri dzuwa lisanatenthe mpweya, malo osungira magetsi ndi zomwe zili mkati mwake - kuphatikizapo malo osungira - zimakhala ndi chinyezi chozungulira tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale - ngakhale itayesedwa kuti itetezedwe pang'ono - imalola kuti nthunzi ya chinyezi ilowe pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi kudzera mu kufalikira ndi kupuma komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha, chinyezi chomwe chimasonkhanitsidwa mkati mwa malo osungiramo zinthu zakale chimapangitsa kuti dzimbiri la galvanic liziyenda pamalo olumikizirana magetsi.

Popeza tsopano ndathandizira kufotokozera za block ya terminal kwa mapulojekiti opitilira 60 okhazikitsa magetsi m'nyengo yotentha ku Southeast Asia, Middle East, ndi Latin America, njira yolephera kwa block ya terminal yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha chinyezi ndiyo yomwe imandiyambitsa kwambiri - komanso njira yodziwika bwino yothanirana nayo. Chifukwa kufotokozera kolondola (ma terminal otsekedwa a IP67 okhala ndi kutseka kwa waya koyenera) ndi njira yokhazikika yokhazikitsira (kulowetsa chingwe chotsekedwa, kutulutsa madzi koyenera) pamodzi kumachotsa njira yolowera chinyezi, vuto la kukhazikitsa kwa tropical lingathetsedwe - koma pokhapokha ngati kufotokozera ndi njira yokhazikitsira zithetsa chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli m'malo mongochiza chizindikirocho mwa kusintha ma terminal block omwe alephera ndi mayunitsi ofanana osatsekedwa.

Kapangidwe ka Electrochemistry ka Kutupa kwa Terminal Block komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha chinyezi

Kuzimiririka kwa galvanic komwe kumayambitsa kulephera kwa ma terminal block m'malo otentha kumayendetsedwa ndi kuyanjana kwa ma electrochemical pakati pa zitsulo zosiyana pamaso pa electrolyte - pamenepa, filimu yopyapyala yamadzi yomwe imazungulira pamwamba pa nyumba ya terminal block. Chifukwa malo olumikizirana ndi terminal block amakhala ndi waya wa mkuwa kapena wamkuwa ndi kasupe wachitsulo kapena siponji, zitsulo ziwiri zosiyanazi zikapezeka chinyezi zimapanga selo la galvanic corrosion lomwe limapangitsa kuti chitsulo chogwira ntchito kwambiri (nthawi zambiri chitsulo chophimbidwa ndi zinc) chizizirike kwambiri pamalo olumikizirana.

Zinthu zowononga zomwe zimapangidwa pamalo olumikizirana waya ndi zinc oxide kapena zinc hydroxide ya zitsulo zolumikizidwa ndi zinc, ndi copper oxide kapena copper chloride ya ma conductor a waya wamkuwa. Chifukwa zinthu zowononga izi ndi zamagetsi zopanda mphamvu ndipo sizimayendetsa magetsi, kuchulukana kwawo pamalo olumikizirana kumawonjezera pang'onopang'ono kukana kulumikizana. Chifukwa kukana kowonjezereka kwa kulumikizana kumapanga kutentha malinga ndi ubale wa Power = Current² × Resistance, kutentha pamalo olumikizirana kumathandizira kuchuluka kwa dzimbiri pomwe nthawi yomweyo kumawononga conductor wa waya ndi kasupe kapena sikuluu.

Mlingo wofunikira kwambiri wokana kukhudzana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya — komwe kutentha komwe kumapangidwa pamalo olumikizirana kumaposa mphamvu yotaya kutentha ya chipika chamagetsi — nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 100-500 milliohms pamlingo womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma circuits amagetsi (10-32 amps). Chifukwa ndayesa kukana kukhudzana kwa 50-200 milliohms m'ma block amagetsi omwe akhala akugwira ntchito kwa miyezi 12-18 m'malo otentha a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kwa kukana kukhudzana ndi dzimbiri kumatanthauza kuti ma block amagetsi m'malo awa nthawi zonse amayandikira malire otaya kutentha — ndipo chinthu china chilichonse chomwe chimawonjezera pang'ono mphamvu yamagetsi kapena kuchepetsa pang'ono kutayika kwa kutentha (monga kutentha kwa mlengalenga kumawonjezeka panthawi yotentha) chingayambitse vuto la kulephera kwa kutentha.

Kufotokozera kwa Ingress Protection (IP) Rating kwa Tropical Terminal Blocks

Dongosolo lowunikira Chitetezo cha Kulowa (IP), lomwe lafotokozedwa mu IEC 60529, limatchula kuchuluka kwa chitetezo chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi ma enclosure amagetsi motsutsana ndi kulowerera kwa zinthu zolimba ndi chinyezi. Chifukwa chakuti IP imatsimikiza kukana kwa terminal block ku kulowa kwa chinyezi pansi pa mikhalidwe inayake yoyesera, kusankha IP yoyenera ya malo otentha kumafuna kufananiza muyezowo ndi mikhalidwe yeniyeni yoyikira m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito njira yodziwikiratu ya tropical.

Pa ma terminal building akunja komwe ma terminal blocks amakumana ndi mvula, chinyezi chowombedwa ndi mphepo, komanso kumiza kwakanthawi m'madzi (monga m'mabowo a ngalande omwe amasefukira mvula yambiri), ndidatchula ma terminal blocks omwe ali ndi IP67 yocheperako. Chifukwa IP67 imafotokoza chitetezo ku fumbi lolowa (losagwira fumbi) komanso chitetezo ku zotsatira za kumizidwa kwakanthawi m'madzi (mpaka mita imodzi ya madzi kwa mphindi 30), graph iyi ikuphatikiza mikhalidwe yoopsa ya chinyezi yomwe imachitika m'ma tropical building akunja. Chifukwa ma terminal blocks omwe ali ndi IP67 amagwiritsa ntchito ma silicone sealing gaskets ndi mapangidwe a nyumba zotsekedwa kuti akwaniritse graph, amawononga pafupifupi 2-3x kuposa ma terminal blocks wamba a IP20 - koma mtengo wake umakhala wolondola pochotsa kulephera kwa dzimbiri komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha chinyezi.

Pa malo oikapo magetsi a m'madera otentha okhala ndi denga lopanda denga — monga malo oikapo akunja omwe amapereka mthunzi ndi chitetezo cha mvula koma osatsekedwa ku chinyezi choyendetsedwa ndi mphepo kapena kuzizira — ndikupereka muyezo wocheperako wa IP65. Chifukwa IP65 imafotokoza chitetezo chopanda fumbi komanso chitetezo ku kupopera madzi kuchokera mbali iliyonse, imaphimba chinyezi kuchokera ku mvula yowombedwa ndi mphepo ndi kuzizira komwe kumachitika m'malo oikapo okhala ndi denga lopanda denga. Chifukwa muyezo wa IP65 ndi wotheka ndi mapangidwe otchingira otsika mtengo kuposa IP67, muyezo wa IP65 ndi wotsika mtengo kwambiri pa malo oikapo pomwe kumiza kwakanthawi sikofunikira kwenikweni.

Kapangidwe ka Chitseko cha Spring ndi Screw Clamp kwa Malo Otentha

Kapangidwe ka chipika cha masika — chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira masika kuti chikhale ndi mphamvu yolumikizirana ndi waya wolowetsedwa — chakhala kapangidwe ka chipika cha masika kwambiri m'makina amagetsi amakono chifukwa cha liwiro lake lolumikizira (sikufunika kusintha kwa screwdriver) komanso kusunga mawaya popanda kukonza. Komabe, pamakina akunja otentha komwe kulowa kwa chinyezi ndiye njira yayikulu yolephera, kapangidwe ka chipika cha masika kali ndi chofooka chachikulu: makina a masika amapanga mpata pamalo olowera waya omwe amalola chinyezi kulowa m'thupi la chimaka kudzera mu capillary action motsatira waya.

Njira yonyowa ya capillary mu ma terminal a clamp a masika imachitika chifukwa chakuti chotchingira waya chomwe chimalowa mu terminal block sichimatsekedwa ndi makina pamalo omwe chimatuluka m'nyumba. Chifukwa chakuti makina a masika amafuna mpata kuti wayawo ulowetsedwe ndikusungidwa, komanso chifukwa mphamvu ya masika imasunga wayawo kuti ugwirizane ndi mpata wolowera, chinyezi chomwe chimafika pamwamba pa waya wakunja chikhoza kukokedwa mu nyumba ya terminal pogwiritsa ntchito capillary mogwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a waya ndi makina a masika. Chifukwa chakuti njira yonyowa iyi ndi yofunikira pa kapangidwe ka clamp ya masika ndipo singachotsedwe kwathunthu popanda kusokoneza ntchito ya masika, sindikulimbikitsa ma terminal a clamp a masika kuti akhazikitse kunja kwa tropical komwe kulowa kwa chinyezi ndiye vuto lalikulu la chilengedwe.

Kapangidwe ka screw clamp — komwe kamagwiritsa ntchito screw kuti igwiritse ntchito clamping pressure mwachindunji kwa waya woyendetsa — kumapereka mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri otsekereza chinyezi pamalo olowera waya akakokedwa bwino. Chifukwa screw clamp imayika mphamvu mwachindunji kwa waya woyendetsa (mutachotsa insulation), komanso chifukwa kulumikizana kwa compression pakati pa waya ndi screw head kumapanga cholumikizira cholimba ndi mpweya ikakokedwa bwino, kulumikizana kwa screw clamp sikupanga capillary channel pamalo olowera waya. Chifukwa screw clamp terminal imalolanso kutsimikizira bwino kuya kwa waya ndi mtundu wa kulumikizana, imapereka chitsimikizo chowonjezera cha mtundu wa kukhazikitsa chomwe chili chofunikira m'malo otentha komwe kupeza njira yosamalira kumakhala kovuta.

Kufotokozera kwa Chitseko cha Zingwe pa Malo Oyikira Ma Terminal Block a Kunja kwa Tropical

Kutsimikiza kwa chingwe ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yokhazikitsira yomwe imatsimikizira ngati chipika cha terminal choyesedwa ndi IP chikukwaniritsa chitetezo chake cha chinyezi m'malo otentha akunja. Chifukwa chingwe chomwe chimalowa mu chipika cha terminal chimapereka njira yolowera chinyezi ngati chisindikizo cha chingwe sichili bwino - makamaka posintha kuchokera ku jekete lakunja la chingwe (lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala lopanda chinyezi komanso losalowa chinyezi) kupita ku kondakitala wochotsedwa mkati mwa terminal - malo olowera chingwe ayenera kutsekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zimachotsa njira ya capillary ya chinyezi pakusinthaku.

Njira yotsekera ma silicone sealing boot ndiyo njira yodalirika kwambiri yotsekera ma cable pa malo otentha akunja. Chifukwa chakuti ma silicone boot amapereka chophimba chosinthika, chomatira chomatira pakati pa chingwe ndi nyumba ya terminal block, imadzaza mipata iliyonse polowera ndikusunga magwiridwe antchito ake otsekera pa kutentha konse komanso momwe kuwala kwa UV kumakhudzira malo otentha akunja. Chifukwa chakuti silicone imasunga kusinthasintha kwake komanso kumamatira pa kutentha kwa -60C mpaka +200C, siimauma kapena kusweka panthawi ya kutentha komwe kumachitika m'malo otentha akunja.

Njira yolumikizira kutentha pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira mkati mwa chingwe imapereka njira ina yolumikizira yomwe imagwirizana kwambiri ndi ma terminal blocks okhala ndi zingwe zozungulira. Chifukwa chakuti chubu cholumikizira kutentha chimachepa mozungulira chingwe ndipo mzere wolumikizira umatuluka kuti udzaze malo aliwonse omwe ali pamalo olumikizira chingwe, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kotsekedwa ndi chinyezi komwe kumakhala kolimba komanso koteteza magetsi. Chifukwa njira yolumikizira kutentha imafuna gwero la kutentha (mfuti ya mpweya wotentha kapena tochi) panthawi yokhazikitsa ndipo siingathe kuwonedwa mosavuta monga njira yolumikizira silicone, ndimakonda njira yolumikizira silicone pa ntchito zakunja komwe kutsimikizira mtundu wa kukhazikitsa kumakhala kovuta.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Nchifukwa chiyani ma terminal blocks wamba amalephera msanga m'mafakitale amagetsi a nyengo yotentha?
Malo okhazikika m'mphepete mwa nyanja m'malo otentha amakhala ndi vuto la 15-25% la ma terminal block mkati mwa miyezi 18 (motsutsana ndi

Kodi ndi mfundo ziti za IP zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma terminal blocks amagetsi akunja?
Malo osungiramo zinthu zakunja m'malo otentha amafunika IP67 (yosatseka fumbi, yothira madzi kwakanthawi) ndi IP65 (yosatseka fumbi, yothira madzi kuchokera mbali iliyonse) kuti malo osungiramo zinthu zophimbidwa koma zosatsekedwa azitha kutsekedwa. Ma IP omwe ali pansi pa IP65 amalola kulowa kwa chinyezi chomwe chimayambitsa dzimbiri mkati mwa miyezi 12-24.

Kodi kapangidwe ka terminal ya spring clamp vs screw kamakhudza bwanji kukana chinyezi m'malo otentha?
Ma terminal a clamp a spring amapanga njira zonyowa za capillary pamalo olowera waya omwe sangachotsedwe kwathunthu. Ma terminal a clamp a screw okhala ndi ma pressure otsekedwa amachotsa njira iyi. Tchulani ma terminal a screw clamp a ntchito zakunja kwa tropical komwe kulowa kwa chinyezi ndiye njira yayikulu yolephera.

Kodi ndi njira ziti zokonzekera ndi kutsekera waya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa waya wa block yakunja ya terminal?
Kulowa kwa chingwe chotsekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito nsapato zotsekera za silicone kapena chubu chomatira chotenthetsera pamalo olowera waya wotsekeredwa kumachotsa njira ya chinyezi. Kusintha kuchoka pa jekete lotsekeredwa kupita ku kondakitala wochotsedwa mkati mwa terminal ndiye malo oyamba olowera chinyezi ngati kutsekeredwa sikuli bwino.

Kodi Ningbo J-Guang Electronics imathandizira bwanji kufotokozedwa kwa malo osungira magetsi otentha?
J-Guang imapereka ma block a sitima ya DIN yovomerezeka ndi IP65-IP67 yokhala ndi nsapato zotsekera za silicone kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pamagetsi akunja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pali upangiri wokhudza kusankha ma block a terminal, njira zotsekera mawaya, komanso njira zokhazikitsira magetsi m'malo otentha.

Maulalo amkati: J-Guang PCT-211 DIN Rail Push-in Waya Terminal Block | Katalogi ya Zamagetsi ya J-Guang

Maulalo akunja: IEC | ISO | AYI | UL | IEA | EPRI

Zokhudza Wolemba

Ningbo J-Guang Electronics Co., Ltd. ndi kampani yopanga zinthu zamagetsi kuphatikizapo DIN rail terminal blocks, PCB terminals, ndi zolumikizira zamagetsi zamagetsi zamafakitale ndi zamalonda. Ndi luso lalikulu popereka zinthu zamagetsi kumafakitale otentha ku Southeast Asia, Middle East, ndi Latin America, J-Guang Electronics imathandizira makontrakitala amagetsi ndi ogula mafakitale ndi kusankha ma terminal blocks omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuti azitha kukhala ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso malo amagetsi akunja.