Tom qab ntau tshaj 9 lub hlis ntawm kev ua si nyuaj, thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24, lub sijhawm hauv zos, Tebchaws Askiv thiab European Union tau pom zoo rau daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam Brexit. Daim ntawv cog lus 1246-nplooj ntawv qhia tias qhov kev sib cav sib ceg hnyav npaum li cas, tab sis zoo dua li "Brexit nyuaj" uas tsis tau pom zoo.Ntsuab Terminal Block, Cov Khoom Txuas PCB thiab Cov Teeb Ci Xim Av Thaj teb xav tau kev saib xyuas.
Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Askiv Johnson tau hais tias Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev Askiv txog daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam nrog European Union yuav raug pov npav rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 30.
Daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam tau xaus
Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 26, UK tau tshaj tawm 1246-nplooj ntawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam Brexit nrog EU, uas suav nrog, ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv ua lag luam, cov ntawv cog lus txog lub zog nuclear, kev sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv zais cia, lub zog nuclear pej xeem, thiab cov lus sib koom ua ke.
Hu ua daim ntawv qauv EU-UK Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Koom Tes (Draft EU-UK Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Koom Tes), cov ntawv txhais tau tias tom qab tebchaws Askiv tawm hauv EU ib lub khw, yuav tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob tog yuav tsis raug them se lossis teeb meem quota. European Commission tau hais tias daim ntawv cog lus kev lag luam ntawm EU thiab UK yuav yog xoom tariff thiab xoom quota.
Cov ntawv nyeem muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv qhia ntxaws ntxaws, suav nrog cov kev cai ntawm keeb kwm, ntses, kev lag luam cawv, tshuaj, tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev koom tes cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb.
Tebchaws Askiv tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam dawb
Thaum tebchaws Aas Kiv yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm European Union, nws cia li koom nrog 40 daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam nrog ntau dua 70 lub tebchaws lossis thaj chaw. Tom qab Brexit, tebchaws Aas Kiv tuaj yeem sib tham txog kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntawv cog lus no. Txhua daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam EU uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsis siv rau tebchaws Aas Kiv tom qab lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, thiab tebchaws Aas Kiv yuav ua lag luam raws li cov cai ntawm WTO yog tias nws tsis tau txais daim ntawv cog lus ob tog nrog cov tebchaws lossis thaj chaw no.
Raws li lub vev xaib ntawm tsoomfwv Askiv, muaj 29 daim ntawv cog lus uas suav nrog 58 lub tebchaws lossis thaj chaw tau rov ua dua tshiab thiab yuav siv tau rau lub Ib Hlis 1 lossis ib nrab xyoo 2021. Muaj lwm 10 lub tebchaws lossis thaj chaw uas tab tom sib tham, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv cog lus tseem ceeb tau ua tiav.
Nyob rau hauv Es Xias, 23 Lub Kaum Hli, Tebchaws Askiv thiab Nyiv tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam dawb ob tog, Qhov no yog thawj daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam loj uas tau kos npe los ntawm Tebchaws Askiv tom qab Brexit. Tebchaws Askiv hais tias, Daim ntawv cog lus yuav zam 99% ntawm nws cov khoom xa tawm mus rau Nyiv, Tebchaws Askiv txoj kev lag luam ntev nrog Nyiv yuav nce ntxiv 15.2 billion phaus ($ 19.9 billion). Daim ntawv cog lus kuj tseem yuav ua rau Tebchaws Askiv maj mam tshem tawm cov se tsheb Nyiv, Nyiv cov se tsheb yuav xoom los ntawm xyoo 2026. Cov kev cai no zoo ib yam li daim ntawv cog lus hauv Daim Ntawv Cog Lus Ua Lag Luam Nyiv-EU. Tebchaws Askiv vam tias yuav thov ua tswv cuab hauv 11-tus tswv cuab CPTPP, thaum ntxov xyoo 2021 Nyiv txais tos, thiab yuav muab kev txhawb nqa tsim nyog rau UK.
Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 10, Daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam dawb ntawm tebchaws Askiv thiab Singapore, Thiab tau pom zoo pib xyoo tom ntej, "UK-Singapore Digital Economy Agreement". Raws li daim ntawv cog lus, Cov Tuam Txhab hauv Singapore thiab UK yuav tau txais kev kho mob zoo ib yam li EU-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (EUSFTA). Qhov no suav nrog kev nkag mus rau kev lag luam khoom tsis them se, kev nkag mus rau lawv cov kev pabcuam yooj yim dua thiab rau kev lag luam yuav khoom ntawm tsoomfwv, Thiab txo cov teeb meem tsis yog se hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsheb thiab cov khoom siv cuam tshuam, cov khoom siv tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv kho mob thiab lub zog rov ua dua tshiab. Tom qab UK - Singapore FTA tau pib siv, Tebchaws Askiv yuav zam 84% ntawm Singapore cov khoom xa tuaj, 16 feem pua ntawm seem yuav raug zam rau hnub tim 21 Kaum Ib Hlis 2024. Singapore yuav tswj cov khoom lag luam Askiv tam sim no xa mus rau Singapore xoom kev kho mob se.
11 Lub Kaum Ob Hlis, Daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam dawb ntawm tebchaws Askiv thiab Nyab Laj, Raws li ob tog tau pom zoo, Rau xya xyoo tom ntej (2027), Nruab nrab ntawm ob lub tebchaws yuav maj mam txo tus nqi ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm 99% ntawm cov khoom. Thaum daim ntawv cog lus raug siv tag nrho, Nyab Laj yuav tau txais £ 114 lab ($ 151 lab) hauv kev zam se xa khoom. Tebchaws Askiv yuav txuag tau 36 lab phaus ntawm nws cov khoom xa tawm.
Daim ntawv cog lus FTA tshiab kawg ntawm tebchaws Askiv yog nrog Canada. Tus Lwm Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Canada Freeland tau tshaj tawm rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 22 lub sijhawm hauv zos tias Canada thiab United Kingdom tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus ib ntus kom tsis txhob muaj "Brexit nyuaj" ntawm Askiv los ntawm cov teeb meem se. Daim ntawv cog lus no feem ntau ua raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv cog lus kev lag luam ntawm Canada nrog European Union, uas siv tau rau lub Ib Hlis 1,2021. Thaum ob lub tebchaws sib tham txog daim ntawv cog lus kev lag luam tshiab, daim ntawv cog lus ib ntus yuav raug tshem tawm.
Kev Ceeb Toom Txog Kev Lag Luam Xyoo Tshiab
Tuam Tshoj tau los ua lub hauv paus loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev xa khoom tuaj rau UK thawj zaug hauv peb lub hlis thib ob, raws li cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm rau ntawm lub vev xaib raug cai ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Txheeb Xyuas Hauv Tebchaws (ONS) hnub no. Rau thawj zaug hauv peb lub hlis thib ob, UK tau xa khoom ntau dua los ntawm Tuam Tshoj dua li lwm lub tebchaws ua lag luam, ONS tau hais. Hauv peb lub hlis thib ob, UK feem ntawm kev xa khoom tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj tau nce los ntawm 8.6 feem pua hauv peb lub hlis thawj zaug mus rau 13.4 feem pua hauv peb lub hlis thib ob, nrog rau kev xa khoom tuaj txog 11 billion phaus, ib qho ntawm txhua xya yam khoom xa tuaj ntawm Askiv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj.
Nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo no, ntau tshaj ib feem plaub ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tshuab hauv tebchaws Askiv tau los ntawm Tuam Tshoj. Hauv UK cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj, feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv suab thiab cov khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm kuj siab, ntau dua 30 feem pua. Qhov sib txawv kuj tseem sib xws nrog cov ntaub ntawv yav dhau los. ONS cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm qhia tau tias xyoo 2019, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv sib txuas lus, cov khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm, khaub ncaws, rooj tog thiab lwm yam yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas United Kingdom xa tuaj ntawm Tuam Tshoj.
Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, cov teb chaws lossis thaj chaw uas tsis muaj kev pom zoo ob tog nrog UK yuav ua lag luam raws li WTO cov cai tom qab Lub Ib Hlis 1 xyoo tom ntej.
Qhov kev xeem thawj zaug rau cov neeg xa khoom Suav teb los ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj.
Tebchaws Askiv yuav siv lub cim pov thawj British conformity Assessment (UKCA) txij li lub Ib Hlis 1, 2021. Lub logo UKCA yog lub logo khoom lag luam tshiab hauv tebchaws Askiv uas yuav siv rau cov khoom muag hauv kev lag luam UK (Askiv, Wales thiab Scotland), uas suav nrog feem ntau ntawm cov khoom uas yav dhau los xav tau lub logo CE. Lub logo UKCA tsis siv rau cov khoom muag hauv kev lag luam Northern Ireland.
Kev siv lub logo British UKCA, qhov xav tau thawj daim ntawv pov thawj CE ntawm cov khoom xa tawm mus rau European Union thiab United Kingdom yuav xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj CE thiab UKCA, uas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam, yuav tsum tau txhawj xeeb heev.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nyob rau hauv European Union thawj lub koom haum kev lis kev cai, cov khoom nkag thiab tawm hauv European Union tsis tas yuav rov ua dua kev lis kev cai thiab cov txheej txheem them se. Tom qab Brexit, Tebchaws Askiv thiab European Union yuav yog ib lub koom haum ua haujlwm ywj pheej, thiab kev tshem tawm cov khoom lag luam los ntawm ob sab yuav nyuaj dua li yav dhau los.
Lub tuam txhab xa khoom ONE tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom txog Brexit ntsig txog kev tshaj tawm kev ruaj ntseg: txhua yam khoom xa tuaj thiab xa tawm mus rau United Kingdom, kev thauj mus los ntawm United Kingdom, ENS yuav tsum tau xa mus. Cov khoom nyob hauv nkoj hauv UK, ENS yuav tsum tau xa mus 48 teev ua ntej lub nkoj. Ntxiv mus, UK Customs tau tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ruaj ntseg (S&S) platform rau kev txais cov ntaub ntawv ENS. Txij li Lub Ib Hlis 1,2021, British Customs yuav txuas ntxiv xav tau daim ntawv qhia ENS ntawm txhua yam khoom los ntawm sab nraud European Union rau kev tshem tawm thiab hloov pauv ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj British. Txij li Lub Xya Hli 1,2021, cov khoom los ntawm hauv EU mus rau United Kingdom (tshwj tsis yog Northern Ireland) yuav tsum tau ua raws li daim ntawv qhia ENS.
Thov koj ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev lag luam hla ciam teb, hauv cov tebchaws European uas muaj kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov lag luam xa khoom tuaj thiab xa tawm, tus lej sau npe EORI tsim nyog (tus lej sau npe thiab tus lej cim tus neeg ua haujlwm kev lag luam - Kev Sau Npe thiab Kev Txheeb Xyuas Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm Kev Lag Luam). Thaum UK raug tshem tawm ntawm Tebchaws Europe, tus lej EORI thaum pib ntawm UK GB yuav tas sij hawm hauv EU. Yog tias koj xav nyob hauv UK EU kev lag luam, koj xav tau tus lej EORI thiab tus lej EORI ntawm EU, tag nrho ob tus lej EORI.
Lub Chaw Lis Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Lis Kev Cai Askiv tau tshaj tawm tias kev hloov pauv se ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm Askiv yuav pib rau lub Ib Hlis 1, 2021. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb yog:
Yuav tsum tau them VAT rau txhua yam khoom xa tuaj uas muaj tus nqi tshaj tawm tsawg dua £135 (VAT). Txoj cai lij choj se tshiab tshem tawm qhov kev zam se qub rau kev xa khoom me me, uas yog, cov khoom uas muaj tus nqi tshaj tawm tsis pub tshaj £15, thiab tam sim no kuj yuav tsum tau them se ntxiv ntawm tus nqi se ntawm 20.
Thaum txhua yam khoom xa tuaj rau hauv UK yog cov lag luam, tus lej sau npe ua lag luam ntawm tus neeg tau txais (EORI tus lej) thiab VAT tus lej (VAT tus lej). Tus lej EU EORI yuav tsis siv rau UK kev lag luam xa khoom tuaj thiab xa tawm lawm.
Yog tias tus neeg tau txais yog lub platform e-commerce (OMPs), lub platform e-commerce yuav yog tus saib xyuas kev sau thiab suav VAT. VAT ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj uas tau muag ncaj qha rau cov neeg siv khoom Askiv hauv UK yuav txuas ntxiv raug suav los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom txawv teb chaws yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm e-commerce platforms (OMP); Rau cov khoom xa tawm txawv teb chaws thiab muag ncaj qha rau cov neeg tau txais Askiv yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm e-commerce platforms (OMP), cov neeg muag khoom txawv teb chaws yuav tsum sau npe cov neeg ua haujlwm kev lag luam nrog cov lej cim (EORI tus lej) thiab VAT tus lej (VAT tus lej) thiab them VAT rau British Customs (HMRC). Yog tias tus neeg siv khoom lag luam muaj kev sau npe VAT hauv UK thiab tus lej sau npe VAT raug cai tau muab rau tus neeg muag khoom, VAT yuav raug suav los ntawm tus neeg siv khoom tus nqi rov qab.
Txoj cai lij choj se tshiab tsis siv rau cov kev lag luam uas tsis yog kev lag luam uas cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom lag luam se (luam yeeb, cawv) lossis cov tib neeg ntiag tug, uas siv cov cai uas twb muaj lawm, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov no yog raws li British Customs tau qhia.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Ib Hlis-04-2021