Kupu Whakataki: He aha te take e tautuhia ai tō hoahoa PCB e te Pitch me te Term

Ina rapu ngā miihini hoko me ngā kaihoahoa PCB i tētahi kaihanga poraka tauranga whakairi PCB, ehara i te mea he kaiwhakarato anake tā rātou e rapu ana — kei te whakaoti rapanga hoahoa rātou e tū ana i te hononga o te mahi hiko, te pono o te miihini, me te ōhanga huihuinga. Neke atu i te 14 tau mātou e mahi ana hei kaihanga poraka taunga PCB i Ningbo, Haina., ā, kua kite tātou i taua hapa anō e puta ana i roto i ngā mano tini o ngā kaupapa: ka tīpakohia e ngā miihini he poraka taunga i runga i te utu anake, ā, i muri i ētahi marama ka kitea kāore te papa e ōrite ki te tahora o te papa, kāore rānei e taea e te tikanga whakamutu te whakatutuki i ngā āhuatanga taiao o te tono whakamutunga.

Kia tika tā tātou kōrero: ko ngā whakataunga hangarau e rua e tino whai tikanga ana ina tohua ana he poraka matihiko whakapuru PCB ko papa (te mokowā waenga-ki-waenga i waenga i ngā pou tata) me tikanga whakamutu (te hononga ā-mīhini me te ā-hiko o te poraka pito ki te PCB). Ko ēnei tawhā e rua te kaiwhakahaere i ngā mea katoa — te kaha kawe-auau, te ātete ngaohiko, te tawhiti ngoki, te tukanga huihuinga, te tiaki āpure, me te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere. Nā te mea he tino taketake ēnei kōwhiringa, ko te hē o te kōwhiringa ko te hanga anō i te PCB, he nui ake te utu i ngā poraka pito tonu.

I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka whakamahia e mātou ā mātou raraunga papa wheketere mai i te whakaputa i ngā 50 miriona ngā pou o ngā poraka pito PCB i ia tau hei whakataurite i te 2.54mm me te 3.96mm pitch, me te tuitui me te mutunga tīwiri. Ka hoatu e mātou ki a koe ngā raraunga hangarau e hiahiatia ana e koe hei whakatau tika — ā, kia pono, kia kore ai e pāngia e ngā mamae o te ngākau kua kite mātou i ō mātou kiritaki i mua i tō rātou taenga mai ki a mātou.

Teitei o te oro 2.54mm me te 3.96mm: Te Whakataurite Hangarau Katoa

Ehara i te mea he mea noa te piko o te poraka matihiko whakairi PCB — nā te mea ko te teitei te mea e whakatau tika ana i te kaha ātete ngaohiko mā roto i ngā tawhiti ngoki me te tawhiti whakawātea kua whakaritea e IEC 60947-7-4 me UL 1059, he iti ake te ngaohiko me te ia o te poraka pitch 2.54mm i te poraka pitch 3.96mm he rite te hoahoa.

He aha te Hiranga o te Pitch i tō Whakaaro

Ina whakangungu mātou i ā mātou kaihangarau tono hou ki J-Guang, ko te akoranga tuatahi ka rukuhia e mātou ki roto i a rātou ko tēnei: Ko te papa te herenga taketake e whakahaere ana i ngā tawhā hoahoa katoa o muri mai. Ko te paerewa oro 0.1-inihi (2.54mm) e hoki ana ki ngā rā tōmua o te hoahoa PCB, ā, kei te noho tonu hei mea matua i roto i ngā tono arorau mamati me ngā tono tohu iti-mana. I puta ake te oro 0.156-inihi (3.96mm) i te mea kua piki ake ngā hiahia mana ki tua atu i te mea ka taea e te 2.54mm te whakahaere haumaru.

Anei tā mātou e ine ana i ia rā i runga i tā mātou raina whakaputa:

Kua kite mātou i tētahi kiritaki aunoatanga ahumahi Tiamana e huri ana mai i te 2.54mm ki te 3.96mm te tawhiti i muri i te tohu a tā rātou kaitirotiro mara UL kāore i te rawaka te tawhiti ngoki i runga i tētahi tauira - he huringa i pau ai i a rātou te waru wiki o te hanga hou i te PCB. Nā taua wheako mātou i ako, ā, ko tā mātou tumanako ka ako koe: tautuhia te reo irirangi i runga i ngā whakaritenga ngaohiko tuatahi, ko te wāhi papa tuarua.

Āhea te Kōwhiri i te Pitch 2.54mm

Ko te whānuitanga 2.54mm te kōwhiringa tika ina he iti rawa te utu mō ngā whare papa, ā, he iti noa ngā whakaritenga mō te au/ngaohiko., nā te mea he iti te tapuwae ka taea te whakanui ake i te kiato o ngā pou i runga i te PCB me te kore e whakaiti i te whānui iti rawa e hiahiatia ana mō te pono o te tohu.

Ka tūtohu mātou i te 2.54mm te tawhiti mō:

• Ngā pūoko pūoko IoT me ngā taputapu taha — ina ko ngā tohu taumata arorau 3.3V, 5V rānei te nuinga, ā, ka taea e te whakatauranga 6A te kapi i te tahua hiko katoa o te papa.
• Ngā taputapu hiko kaihoko me ngā takai hiri — ina he onge ngā panoni waea ā-papa, ā, ka whakaitihia te rahi o te hua katoa e te poraka pito iti ake, ka whakaitihia tika ai ngā utu taputapu whakakoi werohanga mō te whare.
• Ngā taraiwa rama LED — ina ko te mana 12–24V DC i raro i te 5A te mea noa, ā, ko te takai kiato te mea e rerekē ai te whakataetae.
• Ngā taputapu whakamātautau me te ine — ina hiahiatia he whakarārangi i ngā poraka pito maha kiato-teitei ki te taha o te papa kotahi hei whakauru/whakaputa tohu.

I roto i tā mātou wheketere, e neke atu ana i te 2 miriona pou ia marama te nui o ngā mahi whakaputa o te raupapa JG128-2.54 mō ēnei tono. Raina hua poraka mutunga tīwiri PCB 5.0mm e whakaatu ana i te horapa noa o te whānau oro 2.54mm ki ngā momo oro teitei ake ina hiahia ngā kaihoahoa ki te whakanui ake i te kaha o te iahiko.

Āhea te Kōwhiri i te 3.96mm Pitch

Ka hiahiatia te whānuitanga 3.96mm ina hiahiatia te tohatoha hiko i te 24V DC, neke atu rānei, ina rānei me ora te poraka tauranga i te wiri taumata-ahumahi me te huringa pāmahana me te kore e heke te hononga.

Ka tūtohu mātou i te 3.96mm te tawhiti mō:

• Ngā kōwae I/O PLC ahumahi me te mana motuka — ina he paerewa ngā tohu whakahaere 24V DC i te 8–12A, ā, ko ngā tohunga tiaki e mau ana i ngā karapu te hunga e whakahaere ana i ngā waea parae.
• Ngā kaiwhakahaere taputapu HVAC — te wāhi e kawe ana ngā aho whakahaere o te pūwero me te motuka pā i ngā kawenga ā-whakaoho e whakaputa ana i ngā pikinga ngaohiko e nui ake ana i ngā whakatauranga noa.
• Ngā waeine tuku hiko me ngā pūnaha whakahaere pākahiko — ina kore e hiahiatia ngā ara iahiko whakarara nā te nui ake o te au hiko, ā, ka māmā ake te rārangi rauemi.
• Ngā kaitahuri pūngao whakahou me ngā kaiwhakahaere utu — mēnā ko te pānga o waho te tikanga me pupuri tonu e te poraka tauranga tōna ātea hiko ahakoa te kohikohi puehu me te huringa haumākū.

Te Whakamutu i te Hononga me te Whakamutunga o te Tīwiri: He Tirohanga Taumata-Hanganga

Ko te tuarua o ngā āhuatanga o te whakataunga whakatakotoranga — me te mea hoki e tino pātaihia ana e mātou mō ngā hangarau — ko te whiriwhiri i te mutunga honohono, i te mutunga tīwiri rānei mō te poraka pito mau PCB. Ehara tēnei kōwhiringa i te mea ko tēhea tikanga "pai ake" — nā te mea kua arotauhia ngā mea e rua mō ngā tauira huihuinga me ngā tauira ratonga tino rerekē, ko te kōwhiringa tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te āhua o te hanga, te tāutanga, me te tiaki i te hua whakamutunga puta noa i tōna roanga mahi.

Te Whakamutu i te Whakarewa: He aha te Mea, ā, āhea ka toa

Ko te tikanga o te whakamutunga honohono ka whakaurua ngā pine o te poraka pito mā roto i ngā kōhao whakakikoruatia ki roto i te PCB, ā, ka herea tūturu mā te whakamahi i te honohono rewa — i roto i te tukanga honohono ngaru, i te tukanga honohono whiriwhiri rānei. Ka hangaia he hononga whakarewa i waenganui i te pine me te papa PCB, ina whakamahia tika, ka whakaatu i te ātete whakapā i raro i te 1 milliohm, ā, ka ora i roto i ngā huringa wera neke atu i te 2,000 mai i te -40°C ki te +105°C me te kore e taea te ine i te hekenga., i runga i ā mātou raraunga whakamātautau ora tere ake i roto i te whare.

Ngā Painga o te Whakamutu i te Hononga

• Hononga pumau, ātete-hau — ka hangaia e te koranu honohono he matū honohono me te papa parahi me te pine parahi, hei ārai i te waikura i te atanga.
• Ātete wiri teitei — nā te mea kāore he atanga here ā-mīhini hei wetewete, ka tutuki ngā hononga whakapiri i ngā kōtaha wiri rerewē IEC 61373, ā, he maha ngā wā ka rahua ngā pito tīwiri me te kore he matū raka-miro.
• Te utu iti iho mō ia waeine — mā te tango i te tīwiri, te whare waea, me te whakauru miro ka whakaiti i te utu o ngā rauemi mā te 30–40% pea i te taumata wāhanga.
• Teitei ake o te kiato o ngā pou — i te korenga o te pane tīwiri e noho ana i te wāhi papa, ka tutuki i ngā poraka pito honohono he kikī ake te tawhiti i waenga i ngā pou me ngā pou, ā, ka taea te whakanoho tata atu ki ngā taha o te papa.

Ngā Huakore o te Whakamutu i te Hononga

• Kāore he āheinga ki te whakahou i te mara — me tango me te whakapiri anō i ia whakawhiti waea, he mea kāore e tika ana mō ngā hua e mahia ana i te mara.
• Te whakawhirinakitanga ki te whakahaere tukanga — ko ngā hononga whakarewa makariri, te korenga o te whakakī i ngā kōhao, me te hononga whakarewa he momo rahunga tūturu katoa e hiahia ana kia whakahaeretia te tukanga me te tirotiro, ia IPC-A-610 Ngā paearu whakaae mō te Akomanga 2, 3 rānei.
• Te ahotea wera i runga i te PCB — ka whakaatuhia te papa ki ngā pāmahana 250–260°C i ia huringa whakapiringa, ā, ka taea e ngā huringa mahi anō te wehewehe i ngā papa FR-4 mena kāore i te āta whakahaeretia te wā noho.

Whakamutu Whiu: He aha te mea, ā, āhea ka toa

Ka whakamahia e te pito tīwiri he whakauru whakarewa miro kua whakairohia ki roto i te whare poraka pito. Ka whakauruhia te waea kua tangohia ki roto i te whakatuwheratanga pito, ā, ka whakakahangia he tīwiri mau hei whakapiri i te waea ki te whare whakapiri whakarewa — kāore e hiahiatia he whakapiringa ki te PCB mō te taha waea o te hononga. Kei te whakapiringa tonu ngā pine taha PCB, engari he mīhini noa te taha whakauru waea.

He pono, he pai ake ki a mātou te whakamutu tīwiri mō te nuinga o ngā tono ahumahi e tautokona ana e mātou. He mahi whai hua te take: ina pakaru te waeine I/O PLC i te 3:00 AM i roto i tētahi wheketere i Stuttgart, kāore he rino whakapiri a te tohunga tiaki - engari he tīwiri pane papatahi tā rātou. Ko te utu whakatā i roto i te hanga motuhake he $260,000 ia haora te toharite, e ai ki ngā rangahau ahumahi nā Siemens, nō reira, ko te kaha ki te whakawhiti waea i roto i ngā hēkona kaua i ngā meneti ka puta he penapena whakahaere e whakaiti ana i te utu $0.05–$0.10 mō ia pou o te whakamutu tīwiri.

Ngā Painga o te Whakamutu i te Tīwiri

• Waea kore-taputapu, waea kotahi-taputapu rānei — ko te tīwiri mata papatahi, ko te tīwiri Phillips rānei te taputapu anake e hiahiatia ana, ā, ko ngā poraka tīwiri te whiringa whānui mō ngā taputapu e taea ana te whakamahi i te mara.
• Kāore he ahotea wera i te wā e waea ana — kāore te PCB e pāngia e te wera whakapiri i te wā e tāuta ana, ka kore ai e tūpono te hiki i te papa, te kino rānei o te papa i te mahi anō.
• Manatoko ā-kanohi o te hononga — ka taea e ngā tohunga hangarau te kite mēnā kua tino whakaurua te waea, ā, kua whakakukūtia te tīwiri, he rerekē ki te hononga tūhono e huna ana tōna kounga i raro i te mata.
• Hototahi ki te waea totoka me te waea kua whiria — ka whakaaetia ngā momo waea e rua ki ngā pūrua tīwiri, kāore he raruraru wiri me te pakarukaru e whakararuraru ai i te whakapiri i ngā waea kua takai.

Ngā Huakore o te Whakamutu i te Tīwiri

• Te whakawhirinakitanga ki te taipana — ka nui te ātete ki te whakapā me ngā hononga motumotu mēnā ka iti te whakakī; ka taea e te whakakī rawa te tango i ngā miro, te kuru rānei i te ara iahiko waea. IEC 60947-7-4 E tohu ana te paerewa i te whānuitanga taipana o te 0.4–0.5 N·m mō ngā tīwiri M2.5, ā, ka manatokohia e mātou te tutuki o te taipana i runga i te 100% o ngā puranga whakaputa.
• Te whakaritenga whakahou ā-wā — i roto i ngā taiao wiri nui pērā i ngā waka tereina, i ngā mīhini taumaha rānei, me huri pea ngā pito tīwiri i ngā wā tiaki kua whakaritea, ka tāpiri atu ki te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere.
• He kōpaki tinana nui ake — tata ki te 40% te nui ake o te rōrahi e nohoia ana e te pūnaha tīwiri i tō te poraka mutunga honohono ōrite, he mea nui tēnei mō ngā hoahoa tino-kikī.

Mō ā mātou kiritaki e arotake ana i tēnei taupatupatu, kei roto i ngā tuhinga hua he whakataurite taipitopito mō ā mātou Poraka mutunga tīwiri PCB raupapa 301, koinei tā mātou raina hua whakamutu tīwiri tino rahinga, ā, e whakaatu ana i ngā tawhā hiko me ngā tawhā miihini kua whakamanahia e mātou mā te whakamātautau a te hunga tuatoru.

Te Mahere Whakatau: Ko tēhea Huinga mō tō Tono?

Hei whakapūmau i tēnei tātaritanga hei anga whakatau mahi, kua hangaia e mātou te matatiki e whai ake nei i runga i te 14 tau o te wheako hangarau tono me te neke atu i te 500 ngā arotake kaupapa kiritaki. Whakamahia hei tīmatanga māu — engari whakapā atu ki tā mātou tīma hangarau mēnā ka whiti tō tono i ngā kāwai maha.

Kounga Hanga: Ngā Mea hei Tono māu mai i tō Kaihanga Poraka Whakamutunga Maunga PCB

Kāore ngā kaihanga poraka taunga PCB katoa e mahi ana i te taumata kounga ōrite — ā, nā te mea he wāhanga tino nui ngā poraka pito ki te haumaru, ā, ka taea e te pakaru te mura, te kino o ngā taputapu, te whara rānei o ngā kaimahi, he rite tonu te hiranga o te pūnaha kounga a te kaihanga ki te whakatakotoranga o te hua.

Anei tā mātou e whakapono ana me manatoko e ia kaihoko i mua i te tuku ota hoko ki tētahi kaihanga poraka taunga PCB:

1. Te Whai Aroturuki i ngā Rauemi Mata

I J-Guang, ka puritia e mātou te whai i ngā rauemi mai i te kaiwhakarato kapia (ka tangohia e mātou ngā rauemi mai i ngā momo kapia Dupont me BASF anake) tae noa ki te poraka whakamutunga kua oti, ā, ka whakaratohia e mātou he tiwhikete rauemi mō ia tukunga.

2. Matotoru Whakatakotoranga Whakapā

Ko te whakakikorua nikara i runga i ngā hononga parahi he ārai waikura, he ātete hoki ki te kakahu. Ko te matotoru whakakikorua i raro i te 2μm e whakarato ana i te parenga kore e tika ana ki te whakamātautau rehu tote 96-haora i roto i te IEC 60068-2-11., e whakatauira ana i ngā taiao whakatinanatanga takutai me te haumākū tiketike. Ka whakamātauhia e mātou te matotoru o te whakakikorua ki te XRF i ia huringa whakaputa, ā, ka whakaputaina ngā hua i roto i ā mātou pūrongo tirotiro puranga — he mea e ruarua nei ngā kaihanga o tā mātou wāhanga utu e pai ana ki te mahi.

3. Whakamātautau Hiko 100%

Ko ia pou o ia poraka taunga ka tukuna atu e mātou, ka whakamatautauria kia 100% te haere tonu me te whakamātautau hipot i te ngaohiko whakatauranga 1.5× i mua i te tākai. Nā te mea he nui atu te utu o tētahi hononga wā poto kotahi i roto i te hua kua oti i te kiritaki i te utu o te whakamātautau whānui, kua haumi mātou ki ngā taputapu whakamātautau aunoa e raupapa ana i ia pou i runga i ia poraka taunga i raro i te toru hēkona. Mena kei te hoko koe mai i tētahi kaihanga e mahi ana i ngā tauira tatauranga anake, pātai atu ki a koe anō mēnā he pai te mōrearea o te rahunga o te mara ki te penapena.

4. Te Pūmautanga o te Ahu

He mea nui te ātete ki te piko mō te huihuinga PCB aunoa. Ko te ātete ki te tūranga pine he ±0.05mm e pā ana ki te rātaka whare — nā te mea ka raru te whakaurunga o ngā raina whakapiringa aunoa me te ngaru mēnā he 0.15mm te rerekētanga o te pine, neke atu rānei., e arahi ana ki ngā aukati raina e utu ana i ngā kaiwhakahui PCB i ngā rau tāra ia hāora. Ka manatokohia e mātou tēnei manawanui i runga i tētahi mīhini ine taunga (CMM) i ia whakawhiti pokepokea ai, me ia hāora hoki i te wā o te whakaputanga.

Whakamutunga: Tīmata ki te Taupānga, Kaua ki te Whakatakotoranga

Me i taea e mātou te waiho atu i tētahi akoranga iti mōu mai i ā mātou tau 14 hei kaihanga poraka tauranga whakairi PCB, koinei pea: Ko te whakatakotoranga poraka whakamutunga pai rawa atu ko te mea e ōrite ana ki ngā tikanga whakamahi tuturu, ehara i te mea e tino āhua rite ana ki te whakatairite i roto i te pepa raraunga. Kua mātakitaki mātou i ngā kaihangarau e tino nui rawa ana te tautuhi i ngā poraka mutunga tīwiri 3.96mm mō te pūnga pūoko 5V, e moumou ana i te wāhi papa me te tahua, ā, kua mātakitaki mātou i ngā kaihangarau tino pūkenga e kore e tino nui rawa ana te tautuhi i ngā poraka honohono 2.54mm mō te kaiwhakahaere motuka 24V, ka puta he rahunga mara huna i puta ake i muri i te 18 marama o te whakatinanatanga.

He māmā noa iho tā mātou tohutohu. Arotakehia ngā whakaritenga tuturu mō te ngaohiko, te iahiko, te taiao, me te āheinga ratonga o tō tono i mua i te whakatuwheratanga o tētahi rarangi pukapuka, i te tuku rānei i tētahi RFQ. Kātahi ka kimihia he kaihanga poraka tauranga whakairi PCB mā wai e pātai atu aua pātai ki a koe — nā te mea ko te kaihanga kāore e pātai ana mō tāu tono, kāore ia e aro ki te mahi a tā rātou hua i roto i taua tono.

I Ningbo J-Guang Electronics, ka hangaia e mātou ngā huinga pitch me te termination katoa i kōrerotia i roto i tēnei tuhinga i raro i te tuanui kotahi, me te pūnaha kounga kotahi, me te paerewa kawenga kotahi. Ahakoa e hiahia ana koe ki ngā poraka terminal 2.54mm mō te kaihoko, ki ngā poraka terminal wiri 3.96mm rānei mō te kaiwhakahaere aunoa wheketere, kei a mātou ngā taputapu, te hanganga whakamātautau, me te wheako tono hei tautoko i tō kaupapa mai i te tauira tauira tae noa ki te whakaputa rahinga.