Pa Novembala 15, 2020, Pangano la Mgwirizano Wachitukuko Wachitukuko (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, RCEP) linasainidwa mwalamulo, zomwe zinayambitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa dera lamalonda lokhala ndi anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, lalikulu kwambiri pazachuma komanso zamalonda komanso lomwe lingathe kutukuka kwambiri. Chingwe cha riboni chathyathyathya, Wago 236 ndi Chowunikira cha Njinga ziyenera kudziwika.
Bungwe la m'chigawochi linayambitsidwa ndi mayiko 10 a ASEAN (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam) ndipo linayitanidwa (China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand ndi India) kuti achite nawo mgwirizano wamalonda womwe cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa zopinga za msonkho ndi zosagwirizana ndi msonkho, kukhazikitsa msika waulere wogwirizana wa mayiko 16, ndikukhazikitsa mgwirizano wa zachuma m'chigawochi kudzera mu kutsegulirana kwa misika pakati pa mayiko omwe ali mamembala. (India ikuchoka mphindi yomaliza)
Pambuyo poti mgwirizanowu wayamba kugwira ntchito, malonda opitilira 90% a katundu m'derali pamapeto pake adafika pa zero tariffs, ndipo nthawi yomweyo adachepetsa misonkho kufika pa zero ndipo pang'onopang'ono adachepetsa misonkho kufika pa zero. Mabizinesi otumiza ndi kutumiza kunja kuti akwaniritse kuchepetsa misonkho ndi zero tariff mfundo ndi yakuti zinthuzo zitsatire malamulo a RCEP oyambira, ndipo malinga ndi zofunikira za kasitomu za omwe amatumiza kunja kuti alengeze ndikusangalala ndi mtengo wa msonkho womwe waperekedwa pa mgwirizanowu.
Malinga ndi zomwe zili mu mgwirizanowu, pangano la RCEP limafuna kuti mamembala osachepera 9 mwa 15 avomerezedwe, kuphatikizapo mamembala osachepera 6 a ASEAN ndi osachepera atatu a ku China, Japan, Republic of Korea, Australia ndi New Zealand. Pakadali pano, mamembala ayamba njira zovomerezeka zapakhomo zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuthandiza kuti Panganoli liyambe kugwira ntchito msanga.
Njira zina zofunika kwambiri zaposachedwa ndi izi:
3 Febuluwale
Bungwe la Zamalonda la Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Commerce, kudzera pa tsamba lake la boma, lafalitsa "Miyezo Ina (Chokonzekera Ndemanga) Chogwiritsa Ntchito Mwayi wa RCEP Ndikulimbikitsa Kupanga Zinthu Zatsopano ndi Chitukuko cha Malonda Amagetsi Odutsa Malire ku Guangzhou", yomwe ndi njira yoyamba yothandizira kutsatsa RCEP ku China. Dziwani kutsitsa PDF, chonde samalani ndi akaunti yolembetsa "focus horizon" (ID: focus vision), yankhani "Guangzhou".
24 Febuluwale
Pa msonkhano wa nduna, Boma la Japan lavomereza njira yovomerezera Mgwirizano Wachigawo Wachigwirizano Wachuma (RCEP), pofuna kuti uvomerezedwe mu Congress yomwe ilipo. (Msonkhano wa 204 wa nyumba yamalamulo ya Japan unatsegulidwa pa Januwale 18 chaka chino ndipo udzatha kumapeto kwa Juni)
28 Febuluwale
Bungwe la General Customs Administration la ku China linati malamulo a Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) okhudza chiyambi ndi kuchepetsa mitengo ya katundu akukwezedwa mokwanira. Pakadali pano, tamaliza kulemba malingaliro aku China monga kusamutsa miyezo yoyambira ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito malamulo oyambira. Nthawi yomweyo, dongosolo la RCEP loyang'anira zoyambira, lomwe limaphatikizapo ma visa otumizira kunja, kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo yamisonkho yogwirizana, ndi ntchito zina, likukonzekera kukonza zosintha zamakina.
4 Marichi
Webusaiti yovomerezeka ya General Administration of Customs inafalitsa chikalata cha Measures for the Administration of Approved Exporters by the Customs of the People's Republic of China, ndipo inapereka ndemanga pagulu isanafike pa 5 Epulo.
8 Marichi
Nduna ya Zamalonda Wang Wentao adatsimikiza poyankhulana ndi "Minister Channel" kuti boma lathu lavomereza mwalamulo mgwirizanowu.
Ndiye kodi ogulitsa kunja mtsogolo ayenera kulabadira chiyani akamasangalala ndi zomwe amakonda pamitengo?
Malamulo oyambira a 01RCEP
RCEP ikukwaniritsa kusonkhanitsa mayiko 15 omwe ali mamembala, ikuswa malamulo oyambira a China-South Korea, China-Australia, China-ASEAN ndi ena osasonkhanitsa. Mu ndondomeko yokonza, gawo lowonjezera la chinthucho limaonedwa ngati chinthu chochokera kumayiko 15 omwe ali mamembala ndipo phindu lowonjezera limaposa 40%.
Lingaliro la Satifiketi Yoyambira
Ogulitsa kunja kwa Magulu apakati ali ndi mwayi woperekanso zikalata zoyambira pang'onopang'ono pazinthu zomwe zapereka zikalata zoyambira, ndipo katundu wofunikirayo akadali ndi msonkho womwe wavomerezedwa akagulitsidwa ku Mabungwe ena.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zomwe zatumizidwa kunja ndi Boma Lochita Mgwirizano, zitagawika ndi Boma Lochita Mgwirizano wapakati, zitha kutumizidwanso kunja pogwiritsa ntchito ziphaso zotsatizana za chiyambi kwa nthawi yosapitirira kuchuluka ndi kutsimikizika kwa chiphaso choyamba cha chiyambi ndi msonkho womwe wavomerezedwa mu Boma lotumiza, zomwe zimawonjezera kusinthasintha kwa bizinesi pankhani ya njira zogulitsira ndi makonzedwe azinthu.
Chilengezo cha Chiyambi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kwambiri
Chilengezo cha chiyambi chomwe chaperekedwa ndi wogulitsa katundu wovomerezeka chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi satifiketi yachikhalidwe ya chiyambi kuyambira tsiku lomwe mgwirizanowu unayamba kugwira ntchito.
Kulengeza za chiyambi chodziyimira pawokha cha mabizinesi kumatanthauza kuti kuwonjezera pa satifiketi yachikhalidwe ya chiyambi yomwe imaperekedwa ndi bungwe la visa, kulengeza za chiyambi chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi wogulitsa kunja wovomerezeka kudzakhalanso satifiketi yothandiza. Dongosololi lidzathandiza kwambiri pakukhazikitsa mapangano amalonda aulere.
Mgwirizano Watsopano wa Malonda Aulere pakati pa China ndi Japan
Izi zisanachitike, China idakhazikitsa malo ochitira malonda aulere ndi mayiko khumi a ASEAN, ndipo msonkho wa zero wa China-ASEAN Free Trade Zone waphimba zinthu zoposa 90% za msonkho mbali zonse ziwiri. Chifukwa chake RCEP imodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu kwambiri ndi nthawi yoyamba kuti China ndi Japan zikhale ndi mgwirizano wa zero tariff wa malo ochitira malonda aulere, womwe wapeza chitukuko chambiri.
Japan idalonjeza kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono mitengo ya zinthu zina pansi pa RCEP mpaka zaka 15 pambuyo pake kufika pa zero. Pakati pa magulu akuluakulu azinthu zomwe China imatumiza ku Japan, nsalu zitha kukhala gawo lopindulitsa kwambiri. Gulu la nsalu ndi zovala poyamba lidakumana ndi Japan kuti ipereke msonkho wa pafupifupi 8-11% wazinthu zomwe zimalowa kunja.
Malangizo a Bungwe la Kasitomu
01 Malamulo omveka bwino a chiyambi
Ngati zinthu zimapangidwa ku China kapena m'maiko ena omwe ali mamembala a chipanichi, sizidzalandira msonkho wa mgwirizano wa RCEP zokha, ndipo zidzaweruzidwanso mogwirizana ndi malamulo oyenera a chiyambi ndikupeza satifiketi yoyambira motsatira malamulo. Malamulo a RCEP a chiyambi pansi pa Mgwirizanowu amadziwika ndi zovuta komanso kusiyanasiyana. Akuti makampani azitanthauzira mfundo za kuyenerera kwa chiyambi, mayendedwe olunjika ndi zina zotero malinga ndi makhalidwe awoawo a malonda, kuti akonze kulondola kwa chidziwitso choyenera.
02 Kusankha Molondola kwa Mapangano Okonda
Kupatula kukhazikitsa matebulo asanu ochepetsera misonkho ndi mayiko ena 14 omwe ali mamembala motsogozedwa ndi RCEP, China yadutsa mitengo yamisonkho ndi mapangano asanu ndi limodzi amalonda am'madera, kuphatikiza China-ASEAN, China-Singapore, China-Korea, China-Australia, China-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement ndi Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement, ndipo ikupereka lingaliro loti mabizinesi asankhe FTA yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zosowa zawo, poganizira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zomwe zili pamndandanda wazinthu zomwe zimachepetsa misonkho, kuchuluka kwa kulekerera kwa miyezo yoyambira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolipirira msonkho komanso njira zosavuta zogwirira ntchito.
Yang'anani pa Chidziwitso cha Chiyambi
RECP mawonekedwe a satifiketi yoyambira akukulitsidwa, kuwonjezera pa satifiketi yachikhalidwe yoyambira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kulengeza koyambira yawonjezedwa. Akuti makampani ayenera kumvetsetsa njira yoyenera yolengeza koyambira, kusankha njira yoyenera yotsimikizira koyambira ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a chilolezo cha misonkho.
Kukonza Kapangidwe ka Unyolo Wopereka Zinthu
RCEP imapereka mwayi ndi njira zambiri kwa ogwira ntchito kuti akonze bwino kapangidwe ka unyolo woperekera zinthu ku Asia ndi Pacific komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa chake, akulangizidwa kuti mabizinesi azitha kukonza bwino kapangidwe ka mafakitale ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a kasamalidwe ka mabizinesi kuphatikiza ndi mapangano osiyanasiyana amalonda aulere, komanso kudziwa mtengo wamadera omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, kusonkhanitsa zigawo zamadera, chitsimikizo chochokera kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo ndi zina zotero.
Perekani malingaliro okonzekera RCEP "gulu la mabwenzi" anthu ochita malonda akunja, khalani ndi nkhawa ndi kupita patsogolo, kukonzekera koyambirira, gwiritsani ntchito mwayiwu!
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-15-2021