Ku itariki ya 15 Ugushyingo 2020, hashyizweho umukono ku mugaragaro ku masezerano y’ubufatanye mu bukungu bw’akarere (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, RCEP), agaragaza itangizwa ku mugaragaro ry’agace gatuwe cyane ku isi gafite abaturage benshi, gafite ubukungu n’ubucuruzi busesuye, kandi gafite amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere. Insinga y'urudodo rurerure, Wago 236 na Akamenyetso k'amagare gatanga umunwa bigomba kwitabwaho.
Uyu muryango wo mu karere watangijwe n'ibihugu 10 bya ASEAN (Indoneziya, Maleziya, Filipine, Tayilande, Singapuru, Brunei, Kamboje, Lawosi, Miyanimari, Viyetinamu) kandi watumiwe (Ubushinwa, Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo, Ositaraliya, Nouvelle-Zélande n'Ubuhinde) kwitabira amasezerano y'ubucuruzi agamije kugabanya inzitizi z'imisoro n'amahoro, gushyiraho isoko ryigenga ry'ibihugu 16, no gushyira mu bikorwa ubufatanye mu bukungu bw'akarere binyuze mu gufungura amasoko hagati y'ibihugu bigize umuryango. (Ubuhinde buravamo ku munota wa nyuma)
Nyuma yo gutangira gukurikizwa kw'amasezerano, ubucuruzi bw'ibicuruzwa birenga 90% mu karere bwageze ku misoro ya zeru, ahanini bwahise bugabanya imisoro igera kuri zeru, ndetse bugabanya imisoro buhoro buhoro igera kuri zeru. Kugira ngo ibigo bitumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bigerweho kugabanya imisoro n'amahoro ya zeru, intego ni uko ibicuruzwa byubahirije amategeko ya RCEP y'inkomoko, kandi hakurikijwe ibisabwa na gasutamo ku bicuruzwa bitumiza mu mahanga, batangaza kandi bakishimira igipimo cy'umusoro cy'amasezerano ajyanye nabyo.
Dukurikije ingingo zibiteganya, amasezerano ya RCEP asaba kwemeza nibura abanyamuryango 9 muri 15, barimo nibura abanyamuryango 6 ba ASEAN na nibura 3 bo mu Bushinwa, Ubuyapani, Repubulika ya Koreya, Ositaraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande. Kuri ubu, abanyamuryango batangiye inzira zo kwemererwa n'amategeko imbere mu gihugu zigamije koroshya ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'aya masezerano hakiri kare.
Zimwe mu nzira z'ingenzi ziheruka ni izi:
3 Gashyantare
Ibiro by’Ubucuruzi bya Guangzhou, binyuze ku rubuga rwabyo rwa interineti rushinzwe ibikorwa bya guverinoma, byasohoye "Ingamba zimwe na zimwe (Umushinga w’ibitekerezo) zo gukoresha amahirwe ya RCEP no guteza imbere udushya n’iterambere ry’ubucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga bwambukiranya imipaka muri Guangzhou", ikaba ari yo ngamba ya mbere yo gushyigikira RCEP mu Bushinwa. Menya konti ya PDF ikururwa, nyamuneka witondere "focus horizon" (ID: focus vision), subiza "access" ya Guangzhou.
24 Gashyantare
Mu nama y'Abaminisitiri, Guverinoma y'Ubuyapani yemeje inzira yo kwemeza Amasezerano y'Ubufatanye mu by'Ubukungu (RCEP), hagamijwe kuyashyiraho mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko iriho ubu. (Inama isanzwe ya 204 y'Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y'Ubuyapani yafunguwe ku ya 18 Mutarama uyu mwaka, izarangira mu mpera za Kamena)
28 Gashyantare
Ikigo cy’Ubushinwa gishinzwe imisoro n’amahoro cyavuze ko amategeko agenga Amasezerano y’Ubufatanye mu by’Ubukungu (RCEP) yerekeye inkomoko n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’itegurwa rya tekiniki ririmo gutezwa imbere mu buryo bwuzuye. Kuri ubu, twarangije kwandika ibitekerezo by’Abashinwa nko kohereza amahame ngenderwaho y’inkomoko n’amabwiriza yo gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko agenga inkomoko. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu y’amakuru yerekeye inkomoko ya RCEP, irimo viza zo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, ikoreshwa ry’imisoro yumvikanyweho, n’izindi nshingano, iri mu nzira yo kurangiza imyiteguro yo kuvugurura sisitemu.
4 Werurwe
Urubuga rwemewe rw’Ubuyobozi Bukuru bwa Gasutamo rwasohoye umushinga w’Ingamba zo Gucunga Ibicuruzwa Byemejwe na Gasutamo ya Repubulika y’Abaturage y’Ubushinwa, kandi rwatanze ibitekerezo ku mugaragaro mbere y’itariki ya 5 Mata.
8 Werurwe
Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi Wang Wentao yemeje mu kiganiro na "Minister Channel" ko guverinoma yacu yemeje ku mugaragaro ayo masezerano.
None se, ni iki abashoramari bo mu mahanga mu gihe kizaza bagomba kwitondera iyo bakunda imisoro?
Amategeko rusange ya 01RCEP y'inkomoko
RCEP igera ku kwegeranya ibihugu 15 bigize umuryango ikuraho amategeko y’umwimerere y’Ubushinwa-Koreya y’Epfo, Ubushinwa-Ositaraliya, Ubushinwa-ASEAN n’andi mabwiriza adashingiye ku kwegeranya. Mu gihe cyo gutunganya, igice cy’agaciro k’umusaruro gifatwa nk’umusaruro w’umwimerere igihe cyose ari icy’ibihugu 15 bigize umuryango kandi agaciro k’agaciro k’umusaruro karenze 40%.
Igitekerezo cy'Impamyabumenyi y'Inkomoko
Abohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bafite uburenganzira bwo kongera gutanga ibyemezo by’inkomoko mu byiciro ku bicuruzwa byatanze ibyemezo by’inkomoko, kandi ibicuruzwa bireba biracyari munsi y’igipimo cy’umusoro cyumvikanyweho iyo bigurishijwe ku bindi bihugu by’Ubumwe.
Ibi bivuze ko ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga n’Igihugu cyagiranye amasezerano, nyuma yo kugabanywamo ibice n’Igihugu cyagiranye amasezerano hagati, bishobora kongera koherezwa mu mahanga hakoreshejwe ibyemezo by’inkomoko bikurikirana mu gihe kitarenze ingano n’agaciro by’icyemezo cy’inkomoko cya mbere n’igipimo cy’umusoro cyemeranyijweho mu Gihugu cyatumije ibicuruzwa, byongera cyane ubworoherane bw’ikigo mu bijyanye n’ingamba zo kugurisha no gutegura gahunda z’ibicuruzwa.
Itangazo ry'Inkomoko Ikoreshwa rinini
Itangazo ry'inkomoko ritangwa n'ushinzwe kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ryemewe rizakoreshwa rimwe n'iry'umwimerere kuva igihe amasezerano yatangiye gukurikizwa.
Itangazo ry’inkomoko y’ibigo byigenga bivuze ko uretse icyemezo gisanzwe cy’inkomoko gitangwa n’ikigo gishinzwe viza, itangazo ry’inkomoko ritangwa n’umwohereza ibicuruzwa wemewe rizaba icyemezo cy’inyungu. Ubu buryo buzongerera ubushobozi bwo koroshya ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano y’ubucuruzi bw’ubuntu.
Ubufatanye bushya bw'Ubushinwa n'Ubuyapani mu bucuruzi bw'ubuntu
Mbere y’ibi, Ubushinwa bwashyizeho agace k’ubucuruzi bw’ubuntu n’ibihugu icumi bya ASEAN, kandi imisoro ya zeru y’Akarere k’Ubucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa na ASEAN yari itwaye ibirenga 90% by’imisoro ku mpande zombi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, RCEP imwe mu ntambwe zikomeye yagezweho ni ubwa mbere Ubushinwa n’Ubuyapani bigira amasezerano y’ubucuruzi bw’ubuntu, yageze ku ntambwe y’amateka.
Ubuyapani bwasezeranyije kugabanya buhoro buhoro imisoro imwe n'imwe y'ibicuruzwa muri gahunda ya RCEP kugeza nyuma y'imyaka 15 ikagera kuri zeru. Mu byiciro by'ingenzi by'ibicuruzwa Ubushinwa bwohereza mu Buyapani, imyenda ishobora kuba ari yo ishami ryunguka cyane. Icyiciro cy'imyenda n'imyenda cyahanganye n'Ubuyapani mu ntangiriro gushyiraho imisoro igera kuri 8-11% ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga.
Ubuyobozi bw'Ikigo cya Gasutamo
01 Amategeko asobanutse neza y'inkomoko
Iyo ibicuruzwa bikorerwa mu Bushinwa cyangwa mu zindi Leta zigize Ishyaka, ntibigomba guhita bihabwa umusoro ku masezerano ya RCEP, kandi bigomba no gucirwa urubanza hakurikijwe amategeko agenga inkomoko no kubona icyemezo cy'inkomoko hakurikijwe amabwiriza. Amategeko agenga inkomoko ya RCEP ashingiye ku masezerano arangwa n'ubugoranye n'ubutandukanye. Bisabwa ko ibigo bigena ibitekerezo by'inkomoko, ubwikorezi butaziguye n'ibindi hakurikijwe imiterere y'ibicuruzwa byabyo, kugira ngo binoze ukuri kw'itangazwa ry'amakuru ajyanye nayo.
02 Guhitamo neza amasezerano y'abakundana
Uretse gushyira mu bikorwa imbonerahamwe eshanu zo kugabanya imisoro hamwe n’ibindi bihugu 14 bigize umuryango RCEP, Ubushinwa bwarenze imisoro hamwe n’amasezerano atandatu y’ubucuruzi yo mu karere, arimo Ubushinwa-ASEAN, Ubushinwa-Singapore, Ubushinwa-Koreya, Ubushinwa-Ositaraliya, Amasezerano y’Ubucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa-Nouvelle-Zélande n’Amasezerano y’Ubucuruzi ya Aziya-Pasifika, kandi butanga igitekerezo cy’uko ibigo bihitamo FTA ijyanye n’ibyo bakeneye, hashingiwe ku bwoko bw’ibicuruzwa biri ku rutonde rw’ibicuruzwa bigabanya imisoro, urugero rw’uburyo ibipimo by’inkomoko byoroshye, ubwoko bw’ibiciro byo kugabanya imisoro ndetse n’uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora.
Ibande ku Itangazo ry'Inkomoko
RECP: Ishusho y'icyemezo cy'inkomoko yongerewe, uretse icyemezo gisanzwe cy'inkomoko, hongewemo ubwoko butandukanye bw'imenyekanisha ry'inkomoko. Birasabwa ko ibigo bigomba gusobanukirwa mbere y'igihe uburyo bujyanye n'imenyekanisha ry'inkomoko, guhitamo uburyo bw'icyemezo cy'inkomoko bukwiye kandi kunoza imikorere y'imenyekanisha ry'imisoro kuri gasutamo.
Kunoza Imiterere y'Uruhererekane rw'Ibicuruzwa
RCEP itanga amahirwe menshi n'amahitamo ku bakora mu kunoza imiterere y'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa muri Aziya na Pasifika ndetse no ku isi yose. Kubwibyo, birasabwa ko ibigo bigomba kunoza imiterere y'inganda no kunoza imikorere myiza y'imicungire y'ibigo hamwe n'amasezerano atandukanye y'ubucuruzi bw'ubwisanzure, ndetse no kugena agaciro k'akarere kavuzwe haruguru, kwegeranya ibice by'akarere, icyemezo cy'inkomoko y'ibicuruzwa bikurikirana n'ibindi.
Tanga igitekerezo ku buryo abantu bakora ubucuruzi bw'amahanga babikora ku bushake, bakomeze guhangayikishwa n'iterambere, bategure hakiri kare, bafate umwanya!
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-15-2021