Amabhodi Omama E-elekthronikhi Abathengi Adinga Ama-Header Pin Headers Ajwayelekile Naphezulu — Ukucushwa okungu-2.54mm kanye no-1.27mm Kwezindlu Zokuhlangana ze-PCB
- Amabhodi omama e-electronics anamuhla avame ukuhlanganisa ama-pin header angu-2.54mm standard-pitch kanye no-1.27mm high-density ebhodini elifanayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe isikhala, ubuqotho besignali, kanye nokukhiqizwa.
- Iphimbo elingu-2.54mm lihlala liyinsiza yokusebenza embonini yamandla, izinhlelo, kanye nezindawo zokulungisa amaphutha, kuyilapho iphimbo elingu-1.27mm lisebenzela izindlela zesignali zesivinini esikhulu kanye nezindawo zamabhodi amancane.
- Ukukhetha izinto zokwakha kanye nokufaka i-plating — i-tin, igolide, noma i-plating ekhethiwe — kuthinta ngqo izindleko, ukushintshwa kwe-solder, kanye nokukhuthazela komjikelezo wokuzala.
- Izindlu zokuhlanganisa ziyazuza ngokuthola imindeni yomibili ye-pitch kumkhiqizi oyedwa ukuze kuqiniswe ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, kuncishiswe ubunzima be-supply chain, futhi kuqinisekiswe amanani evolumu.
Kungani Ama-elekthronikhi Abathengi Banamuhla Adinga Ubuningi Bezinhloko Ezimbili Zephini
Uma sihlola ukwakheka kwebhodi lomama lemikhiqizo ye-electronics yanamuhla — kusukela kuma-smart home hubs kanye nama-IoT gateways kuya kuma-gaming peripherals kanye namadivayisi ezokwelapha aphathekayo — kuvela iphethini ecacile. Abaklami abasakhethi phakathi kwezixhumi ezijwayelekile kanye nezixhumi ezixineneyo; basebenzisa zombili ku-PCB efanayo. Le ndlela ye-dual-pitch isibe yindlela yokwakha ezenzakalelayo yanoma yiliphi ibhodi okumele lilinganise ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko nezinto ezinciphayo.
Amandla ashukumisayo ngemuva kwalesi simo alula. Njengoba izici zikhula futhi izinyathelo zebhodi zincipha, yonke imilimitha yesikwele ye-PCB yezindlu ithwala izindleko. Ikhanda lephini elingu-2.54mm lidla cishe indawo yebhodi ephindwe kane kunesilinganiso esingu-1.27mm ngenani elifanayo lephini. Kodwa indinganiso engu-2.54mm iyaqhubeka ngoba inikeza ukuqina komshini, ukulungiswa kabusha ngesandla okulula, ukuhambisana kwamathuluzi omhlaba wonke, kanye nokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside okuqinisekisiwe ekulethweni kwamandla kanye nezixhumi zokulawula ezisheshayo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwanda kwezixhumi ze-serial ezisheshayo njenge-MIPI, i-LVDS, kanye ne-USB 3.x emabhodini abathengi kudinga isikhala esiqinile sephini ukuze kulondolozwe i-impedance elawulwayo futhi kuncishiswe ubude be-stub. I-1.27mm pitch pin header iyaphendula lesi sidingo, inikeza ukuxhumana okuhlangene okusekela izidingo zobuqotho besignali ngenkathi ihlala ihambisana nezinqubo ezijwayelekile zokuhlanganisa ze-SMT. Sibone ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwesilinganiso sezixhumi ze-1.27mm ezinhlwini zezinto esizithola kumakhasimende ethu e-assembly-house eminyakeni emithathu edlule, futhi silindele ukuthi lowo mkhuba uqhubeke.
Ngakho-ke ukuqonda ukuthi ungacacisa kanjani, uthenge, futhi uhlanganise kanjani imindeni yomibili yokuxhumanisa kubalulekile kunoma iyiphi indlu yokuhlanganisa ye-PCB ekhonza umkhakha we-elekthronikhi yabathengi. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sihamba ngezici zobuchwepheshe zephimbo ngalinye, sichaze ukwakheka okusebenzayo namasu okuthenga, futhi sabelane ngamapharamitha okulawula ikhwalithi esiwasebenzisayo ekukhiqizeni kwethu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke i-pin header esiyithumelayo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezidingayo zemigqa yokukhetha nokubeka ezenzakalelayo.
Izinga Elijwayelekile Elingu-2.54mm: Ihhashi Elisebenzayo Lokuxhumana Kwe-PCB
I-pin header engu-2.54mm (0.100-intshi) cishe iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu i-board-to-board kanye ne-board-to-wire connector embonini ye-elekthronikhi. Imvelaphi yayo ibuyela emuva ezinsukwini zokuqala zokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB embobeni, futhi naphezu kokushintsha kweminyaka eminingi kuya kubuchwepheshe bokufaka phezulu, i-pitch engu-2.54mm ayigcinanga nje kuphela kodwa iphumelele. Sakha izigidi zama-pin header angu-2.54mm njalo ngenyanga esikhungweni sethu saseNingbo, futhi isidingo sisalokhu sinamandla kuzo zonke izigaba zomkhiqizo esizisebenzelayo.
Izinto eziningana zichaza ukubusa okuhlala njalo kwaleli phimbo. Okokuqala, isikhala esingu-2.54mm sinikeza ukuvuleka okukhulu phakathi kwamaphini aseduze, okuhunyushwa ekubekezeleleni okubanzi kokukhiqiza. Imishini yokufaka ezenzakalelayo ingabeka lezi zixhumi ngesivinini esiphezulu ngamazinga aphansi kakhulu okukhubazeka, futhi ngisho nokubekwa ngesandla ngesikhathi sokubhala noma sokulungisa kabusha kulula. Okwesibili, ingxenye yephini yama-header angu-2.54mm ngokuvamile iyisikwele esingu-0.64mm, okunikeza iphini ngayinye ukuqina okukhulu komshini kanye nomthamo wokuthwala ugesi ophatha kahle iziteshi zamandla kanye ne-I/O yenhloso ejwayelekile.
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zebhodi le-motherboard labathengi, sihlala sibona ama-header ephini angu-2.54mm asetshenziselwa izixhumi zokulungisa iphutha ze-JTAG, ama-header ohlelo lwe-SPI ne-I2C, izixhumi zabalandeli, izimpawu zokulawula iphaneli yangaphambili, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla okusiza. Lezi yizixhumi lapho ijubane lesignali liphansi khona (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwama-50 MHz), ukuqina komshini kubalulekile, futhi ikhono lokuxhuma nokunqamula ngesandla izinto zokuhlola noma izintambo kuyimfuneko yokuklama. Indinganiso iphinde ithole ukwesekwa okubanzi kwe-ecosystem: cishe wonke umhlinzeki wezixhumi, indlu yokuhlanganisa ikhebula, kanye nethuluzi lokuklama le-PCB linikeza izingxenye nezinyathelo ezihambisana no-2.54mm.
Ngokombono wendlu yokuhlanganisa, iphimbo elingu-2.54mm linikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zenqubo. Amaphrofayili e-solder aphinde ageleze ayathethelela, ingozi yokuthunjwa ngamatshe iphansi ngenxa yobuningi bephini, futhi ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kulula ngoba iphimbo elibanzi lenza kube lula ukuhlola ama-fillet e-solder. Uma sixoxa ngedatha yesivuno samakhasimende ethu nawo, amabhodi anezixhumi eziningi ezingu-2.54mm abonisa njalo amazinga aphansi okukhubazeka ngesigidi kunalawo anezinye izindlela zobuningi obukhulu. Leli rekhodi lokuthembeka yingakho abaklami abaningi begcina ngamabomu izixhumi zamandla nokulawula kugridi engu-2.54mm ngisho nalapho bethuthela izindlela zesignali kumaphimbo amahle.
Inketho Yobuningi Obuphakeme Engu-1.27mm: Ukonga Isikhala Nobuqotho Besignali
Nakuba iphimbo elingu-2.54mm lisebenza kahle kakhulu ekuxhumekeni okujwayelekile, kuba yicala lapho izindlu zebhodi zimbalwa futhi amaza esignali enyuka ngaphezu kwama-megahertz angamakhulu ambalwa. Yilapho i-pin header engu-1.27mm (0.050-intshi) ingena khona esithombeni. Ngokuhlukanisa phakathi isikhala sephimbo eliphakathi nendawo, iphimbo elingu-1.27mm livumela abaklami ukuthi bapakishe cishe izikhathi ezine zokuxhuma endaweni efanayo yebhodi noma indawo yonyawo.
Ukonga isikhala kusobala ngokushesha uma siqhathanisa ubukhulu bezinyawo eceleni. Ikhanda lephini elingu-2x25 ku-pitch engu-2.54mm lihlanganisa ubude obungu-63.5mm; ukucushwa okufanayo kwamaphini angu-50 ku-pitch engu-1.27mm kudinga u-31.75mm kuphela. Kwidivayisi yabathengi encane - isipikha esihlakaniphile, isilawuli esigqokwayo, noma i-HMI yezimboni encane - lowo mehluko ungaba umkhawulo phakathi kokufaka umklamo endaweni ebiyelwe noma okudinga ukwakhiwa kabusha kwebhodi okubizayo.
Ngaphandle kokonga isikhala esiluhlaza, iphimbo elingu-1.27mm linikeza izinzuzo ezinengqondo zokuqina kwesignali. Ubude obufushane bephini kanye nokuhlangana okuqinile phakathi kwamaphini aseduze kunciphisa ukungena kwe-parasitic, okuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesignali yemvamisa ephezulu. Uma sisebenza namakhasimende aklama amabhodi aphethe amasignali okubonisa e-LVDS, izixhumi zekhamera ze-MIPI, noma izindlela zedatha ze-USB 3.2, bakhetha kakhulu ama-pin header angu-1.27mm kulezi zindlela ezibalulekile. Ubude bephini obuncishisiwe buphinde bunciphise ingozi yokubonakaliswa okubangelwa yi-stub, okukhathazayo okuba ngaphezulu kwe-400 MHz.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuguquguquka. Iphimbo elingu-1.27mm lidinga ukubekezelelana okuqinile kokukhiqiza — ukulingana kufanele kulawulwe ngaphakathi kuka-0.10mm, kanti ukubekezelelana kokulungiswa kwephini cishe kuyingxenye yalezo ezivunyelwe ku-2.54mm. Izidingo zokunemba kokubekwa okuzenzakalelayo ziyanda, futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray noma kwe-AOI kungadingeka ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ye-solder joint ngaphansi kwemizimba yephimbo elincane. Sibhekana nalezi zinselele ngokusebenzisa ama-dies okunyathela ngokunemba, ukuhlolwa kombono oku-inthanethi endaweni yethu yokukhiqiza, kanye nokubambisana okuseduze namaqembu obunjiniyela bezinqubo zamakhasimende ethu ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kokuhlanganiswa ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhiqizwa ngobuningi.
Amasu Okuhlelwa Kwe-PCB Emibhoshongweni Emibili Yezindlu Zomhlangano
Ukuklama ibhodi lomama elihlanganisa ama-header ephini angu-2.54mm no-1.27mm kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela ukuze kugwenywe izingibe ezivamile. Sisekele amakhulu emiklamo yebhodi elinobubanzi obuphindwe kabili eminyakeni edlule, futhi imikhuba eminingana emihle iye yafakazela njalo ukubaluleka kwayo. Isimiso sokuqala ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo. Sincoma ukuhlanganisa zonke izixhumi ezingu-2.54mm endaweni eyodwa yebhodi kanye nazo zonke izixhumi ezingu-1.27mm endaweni ehlukile, okungcono kakhulu emaphethelweni ebhodi ahlukene. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenza kube lula ukusethwa kwamathuluzi ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa okuzenzakalelayo, kunciphisa ingozi yokushintsha izingxenye ngengozi, futhi kwenza ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kube ngcono kakhulu.
Isimiso sesibili ukuhambisana kokuqondisa. Zonke izinhloko zephini zephimbo elifanayo ebhodini elinikeziwe kufanele zibe nokuqondisa okufanayo maqondana ne-axis eyinhloko yebhodi. Lo mkhuba unciphisa inani lezinguquko ze-feeder kanye nokujikeleza kwama-nozzle okudingekayo ngumshini wokukhetha nokubeka, okuthuthukisa ngqo isikhathi somjikelezo futhi kunciphisa amaphutha okubeka. Ngokwesipiliyoni sethu, amabhodi alandela lo mkhuba afinyelela amazinga okubeka ngokushesha ngamaphesenti angu-8 kuya kwangu-12 kunalawo anezindlela ezixubile.
Ukuphathwa kokushisa ngesikhathi sokugeleza kabusha kungenye into ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe. Ama-pin header angu-2.54mm no-1.27mm anesisindo esihlukile sokushisa, okusho ukuthi amunca futhi asuse ukushisa ngamazinga ahlukene ngesikhathi senqubo yokugoqa kabusha. Uma zombili izinhlobo zezixhumi zibekwe ebhodini elifanayo, iphrofayili yokugeleza kabusha kumele ilungiswe ukuze ivumelane nesisindo esikhulu sokushisa somzimba esingu-2.54mm ngaphandle kokushisa kakhulu ama-pin angu-1.27mm athambile kakhulu. Sincoma ukucacisa umhlinzeki we-pin header onganikeza isiqondiso esiningiliziwe sephrofayili yokushisa ngokusekelwe kusisindo sangempela se-pin kanye nokufakwa kwezingxenye ezi-odiwe, okuyinto ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela elivame ukuyinikeza ozakwethu be-assembly-house.
Okokugcina, cabanga ngezigaba zokuhlukanisa amaphaneli nokuphatha. Izixhumi ze-1.27mm ezifinyeziwe kahle zisengozini enkulu yokulimala ngenxa yokugoba kwebhodi ngesikhathi sokususa amaphaneli. Uma izixhumi ze-1.27mm zibekwe eduze komphetho webhodi noma eceleni kwamathebhu aqhekekile, kungase kudingeke izisekelo ezengeziwe noma ukulungiswa kokujula kwe-V-score. Seluleka amakhasimende ethu ukuthi abelane nathi ngesakhiwo sabo sephaneli ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokuklama ukuze sikwazi ukumaka izindawo ezingaba yingozi futhi siphakamise ukulungiswa kokubekwa kwesixhumi ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe amathuluzi.
Izinketho zezinto zokwakha kanye nokufaka: I-Tin, iGolide, kanye ne-Selective Plating
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokufaka ama-pin header kunomthelela oqondile ezindlekweni, ukushintshwa kwe-solder, ukumelana nokuxhumana, kanye nempilo yomjikelezo wokuhlangana. Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zebhodi le-motherboard le-electronics labathengi, sinikeza ukucushwa okujwayelekile okuthathu kokufaka ama-plating, kanye nokuqonda ukuthi kufanele kucaciswe nini ngakunye kungasindisa izindleko ezinkulu zokuthenga ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Ukufakwa kwe-tin plating kuyindlela engabizi kakhulu futhi kuyindlela ezenzakalelayo yemikhiqizo yabathengi ebiza kakhulu. Ama-pin header ethu ajwayelekile afakwe i-tin plating asebenzisa ukuqeda kwe-matte-tin okunobukhulu obungama-micrometer angu-3 kuya kwangu-5 phezu kwesendlalelo se-nickel barrier. I-matte tin ikhethwa kakhulu kune-bright tin yokuphinda igeleze i-soldering ngoba ikhiqiza izibopho ze-intermetallic ezithembeke kakhulu futhi imelana nokwakheka kwe-tin-whisker. Kuma-interface abona imijikelezo yokuhlangana engaphansi kwama-50 phakathi nesikhathi somkhiqizo - ehlanganisa ama-header amaningi okulungisa iphutha, ama-interface ohlelo, kanye nokuxhumeka kwangaphakathi kwebhodi kuya ebhodini - ukufakwa kwe-tin plating kwanele ngokuphelele futhi kumelela inani elihle kakhulu.
Ukufakwa kwegolide phezu kwe-nickel kucacisiwe uma kudingeka ukuthembeka okuphezulu noma ukukhuthazela okukhulu komjikelezo wokuhlangana. Sifaka ungqimba lwegolide lwama-micrometer angu-0.76 kuya ku-1.27 (ama-micro-inches angu-30 kuya ku-50) phezu kwesithiyo se-nickel sama-micrometer angu-1.27 kuya ku-2.54. Oxhumana nabo abafakwe igolide bagcina ukumelana okuzinzile kokuxhumana ngemijikelezo yokuhlangana engu-500 noma ngaphezulu futhi bamelana nokugqwala nokubola ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Lokhu kwenza ukufakwa kwegolide kube ukukhetha okujwayelekile kwezixhumi ezibheke ngaphandle, izixhumi zokuhlola nokulinganisa, kanye nanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza lapho isixhumi singase sihlale singakahlanganiswa isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
Ukufakwa kwe-Selective Plating kumelela indawo ephakathi elungiselelwe kahle ngezindleko. Kule nqubo, indawo yokuxhumana kwephini ithola ukuphela kwegolide kuyilapho umsila we-solder ugcina ukuphela kwe-tin. Le ndlela ihlose ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-plating lapho kubaluleke kakhulu - esibonakalayo sokuhlangana - ngenkathi igcina izindleko zokutholakala kwe-solder ziphansi. Sibona ukufakwa kwe-selective plating okucacisiwe ngokuya ngokuya kuma-electronics abathengi aphakathi nendawo, lapho amathemba okuthembeka komkhiqizo ekhuphuka khona kodwa ingcindezi yezindleko zezinto zokwakha ihlala iqinile. Zonke izinqubo zethu zokufakwa kwe-plating zihambisana nezidingo zobukhulu kanye nokusebenza ezichazwe ku I-IEC 60603-2, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana nezinhlelo zokuxhuma ezijwayelekile emhlabeni jikelele.
Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi: Ukubambisana, Amandla Okugcina Iphini, kanye Nokuthengiselana
Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi ekukhiqizweni kwe-pin header akuyona into ongayikhetha — kuyisisekelo lapho amazinga okukhiqiza e-assembly-house kanye nokuthembeka komkhiqizo wokugcina kuncike khona. Sigcina inqubo yokuhlola enezigaba eziningi ehlanganisa yonke ipharamitha ebalulekile kusukela ekuqinisekisweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuya ekupakishweni kokugcina. Kuma-PCB assembly houses ahlola abahlinzeki be-pin header, izilinganiso ezintathu zekhwalithi ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zihlolwe yi-coplanarity, amandla okugcina i-pin, kanye nokushintshwa kwe-solder.
I-Coplanarity ibhekisela ezingeni lapho wonke amaphini esixhumi elele khona endaweni efanayo. Ukuze kubekwe i-SMT ezenzakalelayo, i-coplanarity kumele ilawulwe ngaphakathi kuka-0.10mm kuma-header e-pitch angu-2.54mm kanye nangaphakathi kuka-0.08mm kuma-header e-pitch angu-1.27mm. Uma i-coplanarity idlula lokhu kubekezelelana, amanye amaphini angase angaxhumani kahle ne-solder paste ngesikhathi sokubekwa, okuholela emajoyintini e-solder avulekile noma abandayo ngemva kokugeleza kabusha. Silinganisa i-coplanarity kuyo yonke indawo yokukhiqiza sisebenzisa ama-comparators e-optical flat futhi sinikeza amashidi edatha ngokuthunyelwa ngakunye.
Amandla okugcina amaphini — amandla adingekayo ukukhipha iphini endlini yokuvikela — iyisilinganiso sokuqina komshini. Kumaphini angu-2.54mm, sichaza amandla okugcina amancane angu-0.5 kgf; kumaphini angu-1.27mm, okungenani angu-0.3 kgf, okubonisa indawo encane yokulingana kokuphazamiseka. Amaphini ahluleka ukuhlolwa kwamandla okugcina asengozini yokukhishwa ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwebhodi, ukuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo, noma isevisi yasensimini. Yonke indawo esiyithumelayo iyahlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nalezi zimfuneko ezincane.
Ukuthengiselana kuhlolwa ngokuya ngokuthi I-IPC-A-610 izindlela zokwamukelwa. Senza izivivinyo zokulinganisela amanzi kanye nokuhlolwa kokucwilisa nokubukeka kuma-pin esampula avela ekukhiqizeni ngakunye ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-plating inikeza ukumbozwa kwe-solder okuhambisanayo, okungenasici. Kuma-pin afakwe i-tin, senza nezivivinyo zokuguga ezisheshayo ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ukuqinisekisa ukushintshwa kwesikhathi eside. Uhla lwethu oluphelele lwe imikhiqizo ye-pin header ikhiqizwa ngalezi zindinganiso, futhi siyakwamukela ukuhlolwa kwezinkampani zangaphandle kwezinqubo zethu zekhwalithi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Izinto Ezicatshangelwayo Zokuthengwa Ngobuningi Kwezindlu Zomhlangano ze-PCB
Ukuthola ama-pin header ngobuningi bokukhiqiza ama-electronics abathengi kuhilela okungaphezu nje kokuqhathanisa amanani amayunithi. Sisebenzisana eduze namaqembu okuthenga e-assembly-house ukuze sithuthukise izindleko eziphelele zomhlaba, futhi izici eziningana zihlukanisa njalo uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-pin header oluphethwe kahle kolusebenzayo.
Into yokuqala okufanele icatshangelwe ukuhlanganiswa. Ukuthola ama-pin header angu-2.54mm no-1.27mm kumkhiqizi oyedwa - ngokungafani nokuhlukanisa ivolumu phakathi kwabaphakeli abaningi - kuletha izinzuzo ezibonakalayo: imibhalo yekhwalithi ehlanganisiwe, indawo eyodwa yokuxhumana yezinguquko zobunjiniyela, ukuthunyelwa okuhlanganisiwe okunciphisa izindleko zokuthutha, kanye nesilinganiso esinamandla sokuxoxisana ngentengo yevolumu. Sinikeza izakhiwo zamanani ezisezingeni ezivuza ama-oda ahlanganisiwe kuyo yonke imindeni ye-pitch kanye nokucushwa kwezixhumi.
Ukuphathwa kwesikhathi sokuhola kuyisici sesibili esibalulekile. Ukulungiswa okujwayelekile okungu-2.54mm kuthunyelwa kusuka enqolobaneni yethu yaseNingbo zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 zebhizinisi. Ukubalwa kwamaphini ngokwezifiso, i-plating ekhethekile, noma izinhlobo ezingu-1.27mm kudinga izinsuku zebhizinisi eziyi-15 kuya kwezingu-25 kuye ngokuthi ivolumu ingakanani. Sigcina izivumelwano zokuphepha namakhasimende ethu avamile, sigcina i-buffer stock engamiswa ngesaziso esifushane ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokwanda kokukhiqiza ngaphandle kwezindleko ze-inventory eyengeziwe endlini yokuhlanganisa.
Amadokhumenti nokuhambisana nomthetho akufanele kunganakwa. Konke ukuthunyelwa ngobuningi esikuthumelayo kufaka phakathi izitifiketi zokuhambisana, imibiko yokuhlola enobukhulu, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kobukhulu beplati, kanye nezimemezelo ze-RoHS/REACH. Ezindlini zokuhlanganisa ezikhonza izimakethe ezilawulwayo njengemishini yezokwelapha noma imikhiqizo yabathengi eseduze nezimoto, singanikeza izimemezelo zezinto ezibonakalayo ngefomethi ye-IPC-1752 futhi sisekele ukuhlolwa kwefektri ngaphansi kwezinhlelo zokufaneleka eziqondene namakhasimende. Ukusungula lesi sisekelo semibhalo ekuqaleni kobudlelwano bomhlinzeki kuqeda ukubambezeleka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuzayo futhi kusheshise isikhathi sokukhiqiza imiklamo emisha yamabhodi.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-pin header angu-2.54mm no-1.27mm?
Umehluko oyinhloko yi-pitch — ibanga eliphakathi nendawo phakathi kwama-pin aseduze. I-pin header engu-2.54mm isebenzisa i-pitch ejwayelekile embonini engu-0.100-intshi ebilokhu idumile kusukela enkathini yokukhiqizwa kwe-PCB, inikeza amandla aqinile omshini kanye nokusongelwa okulula ngesandla. I-pin header engu-1.27mm ihlukanisa leso sikhala, ivumela cishe ukujiya kwe-pin okuphindwe kane endaweni ngayinye. I-version engu-1.27mm ifaneleka kangcono ekuqondisweni kwesignali ngesivinini esikhulu, ama-electronics aqinile abathengi, kanye nemiklamo lapho izindlu zebhodi zisezingeni eliphezulu. Zombili izinhlobo zitholakala ngokulungiselelwa okuqondile, kwe-engeli yesokudla, kanye ne-SMD kusuka ku-NBGJGE.
Ngingawasebenzisa yini ama-header e-pin angu-1.27mm njengokufaka esikhundleni esiqondile sama-header angu-2.54mm kumiklamo ye-PCB ekhona?
Cha, ama-pin header angu-1.27mm awawona ama-drop-in esikhundleni sama-header angu-2.54mm. I-pitch ehlukile isho ukuthi izinyathelo ze-PCB, amaphethini emigodi, kanye nemizila yokuqondisa konke kudinga ukuhlelwa kabusha. Ukuzama ukufaka enye esikhundleni senye kuzoholela ekungalingani kahle kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuhlulekile. Kodwa-ke, uma uklama ibhodi elisha noma uhlela ukubuyekezwa, ukushintsha izindlela ezibalulekile zesignali zibe ngu-1.27mm ngenkathi ugcina ama-power kanye nama-programming header ku-2.54mm kuyisu eliqinisekisiwe elisetshenziswa yizindlu eziningi zokuhlanganisa ukulinganisela ubuningi kanye nokukhiqizwa.
Yiziphi izinketho zokufaka ama-pin header ezitholakalayo kuma-electronics asetshenziswa ngabathengi?
Kumabhodi e-electronics abathengi, sinikeza izinketho ezintathu ezijwayelekile zokufaka i-plating: i-tin plating (engabizi, efanelekile ezinhlelweni eziningi ezibiza kakhulu ezinemijikelezo ejwayelekile yokuhlanganisa engaphansi kwama-50), i-gold plating phezu kwe-nickel barrier (ubukhulu begolide obungu-0.76 kuya ku-1.27 micrometer, elinganiselwe imijikelezo yokuhlanganisa engaphezu kwama-500, ekhethwayo ezinhlelweni zokusebenzisa ezinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu kanye nemvamisa ephezulu), kanye ne-selective plating lapho indawo yokuxhumana ithola igolide kuyilapho umsila we-solder uthola i-tin. I-selective plating ithuthukisa izindleko uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenza. Zonke izinketho zihambisana ne-IEC 60603-2 dimensional kanye ne-electric specifications.
Izindlu zokuhlanganisa ze-PCB ziqinisekisa kanjani ikhwalithi ye-pin header ngaphambi kokubekwa?
Izindlu zokuhlanganisa zivame ukuqinisekisa amapharamitha amathathu abalulekile ekhwalithi: ukulingana (zonke izikhonkwane kumele zihlale ngaphakathi kwe-0.10mm yendiza yokubhekisela ukuze kubekwe ngokuzenzakalelayo okuthembekile), amandla okugcina izikhonkwane (ikhonkwane ngayinye kumele imelane namandla okukhipha amancane, ngokuvamile angu-0.5 kgf angu-2.54mm kanye no-0.3 kgf angu-1.27mm, ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bomshini ngesikhathi sokuphatha), kanye nokuhlolwa kokushintshwa kwe-soldering ngokwezindinganiso ze-IPC-A-610. Sihlinzeka ngedatha yokuhlola ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa kanye nezitifiketi zokuhambisana nayo yonke i-oda elikhulu, kufaka phakathi imibiko yobukhulu kanye nokulinganiswa kobukhulu be-plating.
Yiziphi izikhathi ezijwayelekile zokuhola kanye nobuningi be-oda elincane kakhulu lama-oda e-bulk pin header?
Ama-pin header ajwayelekile angu-2.54mm alungiselelwe ngokufanayo (1x40, 2x20, 2x25) atholakala esitokweni ngezikhathi zokuhola zezinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 zebhizinisi. Ukubalwa kwama-pin ngokwezifiso, i-plating engekho ejwayelekile, noma izinhlobo ze-high-density ezingu-1.27mm ngokuvamile zidinga izinsuku zebhizinisi eziyi-15 kuya kwezingu-25 kuye ngokuthi ivolumu kanye nencazelo. Inani lethu elincane le-oda liqala ezingcezu eziyi-1,000 zezinto ezijwayelekile kanye nezingcezu eziyi-5,000 zokulungiswa ngokwezifiso. Sigcina isitokwe sokuphepha samakhasimende aphindaphindayo futhi sinikeza izinhlelo zokulethwa ezihleliwe zezindlu zokuhlanganisa ezinezidingo zokukhiqiza eziqhubekayo.
Ingabe niyanikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe komklamo wezinyawo ze-PCB kanye nokuhlelwa kwe-dual-pitch?
Yebo, sinikeza ukwesekwa okuphelele kobuchwepheshe konjiniyela bokwakheka kwe-PCB. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imidwebo yezinyawo enconyiwe kumafomethi e-DXF kanye ne-Gerber kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-pin header, amamodeli e-3D STEP okuqinisekisa ukususwa kwemishini, kanye namanothi ohlelo lokusebenza ahlanganisa imikhuba emihle yokwakheka kwebhodi eliphindwe kabili. Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lingabuyekeza amafayela akho okuklama futhi lincome ukucushwa kwe-pin header okuhle kakhulu ngokusekelwe emikhawulweni yakho ethile yokuhlanganiswa, iphrofayili yokugeleza kabusha, kanye nezidingo zomkhiqizo wokugcina. Xhumana nathi ngewebhusayithi yethu ukuze ucele imibhalo yokusekela umklamo.