Umutanga ibikoresho bikomeye byo mu bwoko bwa Terminal Block: Insinga za 35mm² n'amanota ya 150A ku bigo bigenzura moteri

Ni iki gisobanura icyuma gikomeye cyo kugenzura moteri?

Reka mvuge neza icyo "inshingano zikomeye" mu by'ukuri bisobanura - kuko iryo jambo rikoreshwa mu buryo budasanzwe muri uru rwego. Ibyuma biremereye, nk'uko bisobanurwa, ni bimwe mu byagenewe amanota ahoraho y'amashanyarazi kuva kuri 100A kugeza kuri 400A, aho insinga zifata uburebure butangirira kuri 10mm² (AWG 8) zikagera kuri 150mm² (300 kcmil). Izi si block za terminal ukoresha mu guhuza PLC I/O cyangwa imiyoboro y'ibikoresho bya 4-20mA. Izi blocks ni blocks ziri hagati ya bisi nini ya MCC n'ibikoresho bya moteri imwe imwe - izifite ingufu zihagije zo gukoresha moteri ya induction ya 75kW (100 HP).

Mu ruganda rwacu, dushyira umurongo usobanutse neza: Niba icyuma gikoresha moteri gikoresha ingufu zikoreshwa mu kuyiyobora — atari ingufu zo kuyigenzura, atari insinga z'ibimenyetso, ahubwo ari imbaraga z'ibice bitatu zizunguruka moteri — bikubiye mu cyiciro cyacu cy'ibicuruzwa bikomeye. Uyu murongo ubaho kubera impamvu yihariye y’ubuhanga: imiyoboro ya moteri igaragaza imbaraga eshatu z’amashanyarazi imiyoboro y’ubugenzuzi itigeze ikora, kandi igishushanyo mbonera cy’aho imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi igomba kuba ireba byose uko ari bitatu icyarimwe.

Impamvu ibigo bigenzura moteri bisaba ko habaho ibyuma bitandukanye bya terminale

Ibigo bigenzura moteri, mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi, ni bimwe mu bidukikije bibi cyane ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi. Namenye iri somo mu 2012 ubwo umwe mu bakiriya bacu ba mbere yavugaga ko hari ikibazo cy’aho MCC yakoreye nyuma y’amezi umunani gusa ikora — aho hari hamaze gutsinda ikizamini cyose cy’uruganda mu buryo butangaje. Ubwo twatwaraga injeniyeri wacu tujya aho imashini ikora imodoka muri Michigan, twabonye ikibazo mu minota 15: Ibice bya terminal byari bihagije ku buryo byakoreshwaga mu buryo buhamye bwa 120A, ariko byashyirwagaho imbaraga za 720A inshuro esheshatu mu isaha ubwo moteri zagendaga ziguruka zigasohoka.

Urwo ruzinduko rumwe rwahinduye cyane uburyo dushushanya kandi tugaha amanota uturere twacu tw’imashini ziremereye. Dore icyo ibidukikije bya MCC bisaba ko utundi dusanduku tw’imashini zisanzwe tudashobora gutanga:

Inrush Current: Umwicanyi Uhishwe

Moteri zitwara imizigo zikurura inshuro 6-8 z'umuvuduko wazo wuzuye (FLA) mu gihe cyo gutangira — moteri ya 75kW ifite 140A FLA izakurura 840-1120A mu gihe cy'amasegonda agera kuri 2-5 mu gihe cyo gutangira umurongo wose. Nubwo hari ibyuma bitangira byoroshye bigabanya ubwinshi bwa 3 × FLA, uracyareba 420A inyura mu muyoboro wa terminal block. Kubera ko ibice bisanzwe bya terminal bipimwa imikorere y'ubushyuhe ku muvuduko w'amashanyarazi gusa, atari ukurenza urugero rw'igihe gito, igice cyabyo cy'umuringa kibura ubushyuhe bwo kwinjiza ingufu z'ubwikorezi butarenze ubushyuhe bworoshye bw'aho PA66 ikorera.

Kuzunguruka: Umufunguzi w'Ihuriro

MCC zuzuyemo ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifunga neza kandi bigafungura incuro ibihumbi ku munsi. Buri gikorwa cya contactor cyohereza impanuka ya mekanike mu gice cyose gihagaze — kandi buri gice cy’inyuma gishyizwe kuri iyo nyubako kirayumva. Ibice bisanzwe bya screw terminal bifite torque ya 1.2-1.5 Nm yo gukaza bizagenda birekura buhoro buhoro muri uku gutigita. Ibice bikomeye bikoresha screw za M5 cyangwa M6 z'icyuma zifite torque ya 2.5-5.0 Nm, kandi imiterere ya screw irimo uburyo bwo kwifunga (conical spring washer cyangwa serrated contact surface) bubuza kuzenguruka mugihe cyo gutigita.

Umwanya ufunze n'ahantu ho gushyushya

Ibice bya MCC bihagaze birundanye cyane: utubari twa bisi, utumashini duhagarika uruziga, utumashini dufata amapine, utumashini dutwara ibintu byinshi cyane, transfoma zigenzura, na terminal blocks byose bihatanira umwanya mu gice cya NEMA 1 cyangwa NEMA 12. Ubushyuhe buri hagati ya MCC ikora buri gihe bugera kuri 50-55°C — 10-15°C hejuru y’ikigereranyo gisanzwe cya 40°C ku bice bya terminal. Ku bushyuhe bwa 55°C, igipimo cy'amashanyarazi cya terminal block kigomba kugabanywaho 12-15%, bivuze ko igipimo cya 150A nameplate kiba ubushobozi buhoraho bwa 128-132A. Ibice biremereye bifite imigozi minini y'umuringa bigumana igipimo kinini cy'ubushyuhe kuri iki kibazo.

Urusobe rw'insinga rwa 35mm² (AWG 2): Impamvu iyi ari yo ngingo ngenderwaho ya MCC

Konkireri ya 35mm² iri aho imiterere itatu y’ubuhanga ihurira ihurira mu gishushanyo mbonera cy’ikigo cy’ubugenzuzi bw’imodoka. Si umubare utunguranye — ni umusaruro wo kunoza ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho, uburyo bikoreshwa mu mikorere, n'ikiguzi.

Imbonerahamwe ivuga neza inkuru: 35mm² niyo mashini iyobora amashanyarazi ya 150A moteri. Insinga ya 25mm² ni ntoya kuri 150A ku bushyuhe bwinshi bwa MCC - waba wishingikirije ku mupaka w'ubushyuhe bwa terminal block kugira ngo wishyure kondakteri ntoya, ibyo bikaba ari imikorere mibi y'ubuhanga. Insinga ya 50mm² ni nziza ariko ni nini cyane - ihenda 40% byiyongereyeho, isaba umwanya munini wo kuyigonda, kandi ntacyo ikuzanira mu mikorere y'amashanyarazi kuko terminal block ubwayo ariyo igabanya ubushyuhe kuri 150A.

Ikoranabuhanga ryo Guhuza Porogaramu Zikomeye

Iyo uhagaritse insinga ya moteri ya 35mm² iri muri MCC, Ikoranabuhanga ryo guhuza rifite akamaro nk'uko ikoranabuhanga rya terminal block ribigaragaza ubwaryo. Dukora ubwoko bune butandukanye bwo guhuza ibicuruzwa byacu bikomeye, kandi buri kimwe gifite aho gikoreshwa cyihariye:

Guhuza Stud/Bolt (Byasabwa kuri ≥35mm²)

Icupa rya M6 cyangwa M8 rifite umugozi rifite igiti cya hex n'icyuma gisuka amazi cyakira imigozi ifite impande zifunze. Iyi ni yo nama ikomeye cyane twagira ku muyoboro uwo ari wo wose wa 35mm² no hejuru yayo, cyane cyane ku miyoboro ihuza umurongo (injira) muri porogaramu za MCC. Impamvu ziratangaje: aho impeta y'impeta ikorera dogere 360 ​​hafi y'aho icyuma gihurira, aho icyuma gihurira ntabwo hashobora kunyeganyega iyo gikozwe neza, kandi - cyane cyane mu rwego rwo kubungabunga - Aho icyuma gifunga imizinga gishobora gukurwa no kongera gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi nta kwangiza icyuma gifunga imizinga, ibi bikaba ingenzi cyane iyo amasanduku ya MCC agomba gusimbuzwa mu gihe cyo kuvugurura imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi.

Agapfundikizo k'amashanyarazi (Ku 10-35mm²)

Iskuruli y'icyuma ya M5 cyangwa M6 iyobora icyuma gitera imbaraga gikanda icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi ku mugozi w'umuringa. Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwacu bwo guhuza buzwi cyane ku bijyanye n'aho moteri ihagarara mu buryo bungana na mm² 10-35 kuko buhuza uburyo bwo gushyiraho vuba (munsi y'amasegonda 30 kuri buri nsinga hamwe na screwdriver ikoresha ingufu) hamwe n'uburyo bwo kwizerana igihe kirekire. Iyi vis ikoresha torque ya 3.0-4.0 Nm — ihagije kugira ngo ikoreshe ubukonje bw'imigozi y'icyuma ku buso bw'umuringa bukozwe mu tini, bigatuma habaho isano idafata gazi irwanya ogisijeni no kwangirika k'ubushyuhe.

Agasanduku k'agasanduku/agapfunyika k'igitanda (Kuri 16-50mm², ubwoko bw'udukoresho tw'amashanyarazi tuvanze)

Agakingirizo k'intebe gafite ishusho ya U gafite imisumari ibiri gatanga uburyo bwo gufatanya ku mpande zombi z'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Iyi miterere ni ingenzi mu kurangiza imiyoboro ya moteri ya aluminiyumu hamwe n'insinga z'umuringa zitanga umuriro — kuko ifata ibipimo bitandukanye by'ubushyuhe bya aluminiyumu (23 × 10⁻⁶ / K) ugereranyije n'umuringa (17 × 10⁻⁶ / K) hatabayeho ahantu hashyushye ku rubuga rw'itumanaho.

Ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza ingufu (Ku bijyanye n'aho bisi nini zihurira)

Izi ni zo bloki zacu nini cyane, zifite imigozi ya M10 cyangwa M12 ifite amanota 250-400A. Zikoreshwa aho bisi ya MCC ihagaze ihuzwa n'insinga zinjira - aho hantu ha mbere ho guhuza moteri. Kuri uru rwego rw'ubu, icyuma gifunga icyuma gihinduka igice cy'imiterere, ntabwo ari icyuma gihuza amashanyarazi gusa - imbaraga za mekanike ziva mu miyoboro ya 150mm² zigomba gushyigikirwa n'aho icyuma gifunga icyuma gifunga icyuma n'aho gishyiraho icyuma cya DIN, ntabwo ari icyuma cy'umuringa cyonyine.

Impamyabumenyi: Icyo MCC yawe izasaba

Ibisabwa mu gutanga serivisi zo kugenzura moteri ntibisobanutse neza ku bijyanye n'ibisabwa mu gutanga icyemezo cy'aho imodoka zihagarara. Niba amabwiriza asaba ibikoresho bya MCC bya UL 845 (nk'uko hafi ya MCC zose zo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru zibikora), icyo gihe buri gice kirimo - harimo n'ibice bya terminal - kigomba kuba gifite ikimenyetso cya UL gikwiye.

Ku byerekeye ububiko buremereye mu mikoreshereze ya MCC, ibyemezo by'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

UL 1059 (Isanzwe ku makinga y'imashini) — itwikira ibyuma bya terminal bifite ubushobozi bwo kugera kuri 1500V. Kuri buri UL 1059 Ed. 6-2024, ibyuma bya terminal bigomba gupimwa kugira ngo harebwe niba bihagaze neza kuri dielectric, ubushyuhe buzamuka ku muvuduko w’amashanyarazi, ndetse n’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi uhagaze mu buryo bugufi. Ibikoresho byacu biremereye bya UL bifite amanota ya SCCR kuva kuri 10kA kugeza kuri 65kA bitewe n'uburyo ibikoresho birinda bihuzwa - kandi dutanga imbonerahamwe z'uburyo SCCR ihuzwa muri buri rupapuro rw'amakuru.

CSA C22.2 No. 158 — ikigereranyo cya Kanada, gikenewe kuri MCC zashyizwe muri Kanada. Ikizamini cya CSA cyongeraho ikizamini cy’ubukonje kuri -35°C UL idasaba, ibyo bikaba ingenzi ku bipimo bya MCC byo hanze mu turere two mu majyaruguru.

IEC 60947-7-1 — amahame mpuzamahanga. Kuri ivugurura riheruka, ibyuma bya terminal bigomba kugaragaza neza ko amashanyarazi ahagaze mu gihe gito (Icw) — amashanyarazi icyuma gishobora gutwara mu gihe cy'isegonda 1 nta kwangirika. Ku gice cy’amashanyarazi cya 150A, agaciro ka Icw gasanzwe kari hagati ya 3.0kA na 4.5kA (isegonda 1), ibyo bikaba bigomba guhuzwa n’ingufu za MCC zikoresha amashanyarazi arenga umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi.

Guhitamo Umutanga Ibikoresho Bikomeye Bikoresha Terminal Block: Ni iki gitandukanya Ubwiza n'Ubusumbane

Ndashaka kuvuga kuri iyi ngingo mu buryo butaziguye bukwiye kuko Isoko ry’ibicuruzwa bya terminal block ryuzuyemo abatanga ibicuruzwa bisa mu mafoto ya catalogue ariko bikora mu buryo butandukanye cyane mu gihe MCC ikora.

Dore icyo twize gitandukanya ikigo cy’ubwiza cy’umuzigo uremereye n’icy’ibicuruzwa - n’icyo ukwiye kugenzura mu gihe usuzuma icyo ari cyo cyose utanga ibikoresho bikomeye byo kugabanya ibiro by'indege:

1. Icyemezo cy'ubuziranenge bw'umuringa. Akabati k'umuringa ka C11000 gafite inyandiko zigaragaza ko kavuye mu ruganda rutunganya umuringa. Umuringa w'impimbano cyangwa ukoreshwa mu kongera gukoreshwa — ukunze kugaragara cyane mu bice bihendutse by'ingufu — urimo imyanda (cyane cyane icyuma na ogisijeni) igabanya ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu ku kigero cya 5-15% kandi igatera ahantu hashyushye cyane ku mbibi z'ingano. Dutanga ibyemezo by'ibizamini by'inganda kuri buri gice cy'umuringa gikoreshwa mu kazi kacu gakomeye.

2. Ubugari bw'igitambaro cyo gushyiramo amabati. Igikoresho cyo gushyiramo icyuma ku mugozi w'umuringa gifite intego ebyiri: kibuza icyuma gushonga (ibyo byongera ubushobozi bwo gukorana n'icyuma uko igihe kigenda gihita), kandi kigakora ubuso bworoshye kandi bushobora guhuza n'icyuma gikonjesha gihuzwa n'icyuma gikonjesha. Ubugari bw'inganda mu gupfunyika ni 3-5μm; dupfunyika kuri 5-8μm kuko 2-3μm yiyongereyeho yongera igihe cyo kurinda ogisijeni kuva ku myaka 5 kugeza ku myaka 15+ mu bidukikije bigenzurwa.

3. Uburyo bwo gutunganya icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma no kugikoresha mu ... Utwuma two gufunga mu gice cy’inyuma cy’icyuma gikomeye tugomba kugumana imiterere yatwo mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi kuva kuri -40°C kugeza kuri +130°C. Dukoresha vis zo mu cyuma cya karuboni zo mu rwego rwa 8.8 zifite plating ya zinc-nickel hamwe na coating ya chromate — iyi combine itanga screws zisanzwe zitwikiriwe na zinc kandi igakomeza imbaraga zo kuziba mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwose.

4. Imiterere y'ibikoresho byo mu nzu. Inzu nyinshi zometseho ibyuma zishyirwamo ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki zanditseho "PA66" hatagaragajwe ingano y'ibirahuri. Ijanisha ry’ingufu z’ibirahuri (ubusanzwe 25% cyangwa 30%) rigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku buryo inzu igumana ubushyuhe - kuri 130°C, inzu ya PA66 GF25 igumana hafi 40% by’ubushyuhe bwayo bwo mu cyumba, mu gihe PA66 GF30 igumana 55%. Ku biti biremereye bikora ku bushyuhe bwinshi bwa MCC, itandukaniro riri hagati ya GF25 na GF30 ni itandukaniro riri hagati y'agasanduku gafite ubuziranenge bw'imigozi n'agasanduku katabifite.

Guhuza Ibice Bikomeye bya Terminal mu Miterere ya MCC: Ubuhanga Bufatika

Nyuma yo gutanga ibyuma bya terminal ku bakora MCC n'abubatsi ba paneli mu gihe kirenga imyaka icumi, dore ibisobanuro birambuye ku bijyanye no gushyiramo ibintu bitandukanye hagati yo gushyiramo ibintu neza no gukemura ibibazo bikomeye:

Gutegura umwanya w'insinga. Ibice bya MCC bihagaze ubusanzwe bifite ubugari bwa mm 100-150 iburyo. Ihuriro ry'ibice biremereye bifite imyanya 12 kuri 15mm pitch rifata mm 180 za DIN rail - hamwe n'ubugari bwa cable bend kuri conductors za mm 35 zongeraho mm 110 kuri buri ruhande. Ibi bivuze ko bloki ifite imyanya 12 ikoresha neza umwanya wa mm 400 z'insinga zihagaze, ugomba kubarwa mu gishushanyo mbonera cy'igice cya MCC mbere yuko insinga ya mbere ikururwa.

Gucunga ubushyuhe. Iteraniro rya 150A terminal block rifite imyanya 8 ifite impuzandengo ya 110A kuri buri mwanya ritanga ubushyuhe bwa wati 6-8 kuri buri mwanya bitewe n'ubudahangarwa bw'ingufu za I²R za busbar - hafi 50-65W yose hamwe. Mu gice cya NEMA 12 MCC gifunze neza kidafite umwuka uhagije, uwo muyoboro wa 65W uzamura ubushyuhe bw'imbere bw'igice ku kigero cya 5-8°C hejuru y'ikirere mu gihe cy'amasaha ane. Uku kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bigomba kongerwa mu kubara ikirere gihindagurika — mu by'ukuri, bloki ya 150A iri muri NEMA 12 MCC yuzuye ikunze gukora neza nk'bloki ya 135A.

Insinga z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mu gufunga icyuma kugeza ku gitangira. Ikosa rikunze kugaragara mu bijyanye n'insinga ni ugukoresha insinga za moteri zitanga umuriro kuva kuri terminal block kugeza kuri moteri itangira gukoresha jumpers ntoya. Niba icyuma gifata umwanya wa terminal gifite uburebure bwa mm² 35 cyinjira kandi moteri ifata umwanya wa mm² 35, umugozi uri hagati yazo ugomba kuba ufite uburebure bwa mm² 35 — ntabwo ari mm² 16 cyangwa 25mm² kuko byoroshye kuzigonda. Ijagi rya 16mm² riri mu muyoboro wa 150A rizakoresha ubushyuhe bwa 30-40°C kurusha ibyuma bya 35mm² ku mpande zombi, bigatuma ubushyuhe bugabanuka cyane aho abagenzuzi barushaho kubyirengagiza.

Igiciro cyose cy'umutungo: Kirenze igiciro cyo kugura

Amakipe ashinzwe gutanga amasoko ashingira ku giciro cy'imashini, injeniyeri mu by'ubuziranenge zishingira ku bwizewe. Ikiguzi cyose cyo kubara umutungo gihuza ibi bitekerezo — kandi mu bunararibonye bwacu, ni cyo gitekerezo gikomeye cyo gushora imari mu bice by’ingenzi bifite imisoro iremereye.

Reka tubare TCO ku gice cy’ibikoresho biremereye gifite imyanya 20 muri MCC — tugereranya igisubizo cy’uruganda rukora ibintu biremereye n’igicuruzwa cyinjizwa mu mahanga:

Iyi bloki y’igiciro cyihariye igura $20 mbere ariko izigama $55.60 mu myaka itanu - inyungu ya 2.8× ku ishoramari ryiyongera. Kandi iyi mibare ntikubiyemo ikiguzi cy'igihe cyo gukora mu gihe bloki yananiwe isimbura, aho ku nganda zikora zinjiza $5,000 ku isaha, bongeraho $10,000-20,000 kuri buri gihe cyananiwe.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Impamvu J-Guang ari we mutanga serivisi zikomeye zo kugabanya impanuka

Tumaze imyaka 15 dukora ibyuma bya terminal - kuva mu 2010. Muri icyo gihe, twohereje imyanya irenga miliyoni 50 yo gupakira indege ku bakiriya bo mu bihugu birenga 40. Ibicuruzwa byacu bikomeye byakozwe by’umwihariko bitewe n’uko byakozwe mu 2012 muri Michigan — kandi buri cyemezo cyo gushushanya ibicuruzwa byacu ubu gishingiye ku mikorere ya MCC mu buryo bufatika, ntabwo ari ibipimo by’ibizamini bya laboratwari gusa.

Ubushobozi bwacu bwo gukora ibikoresho bikomeye byo mu bwoko bwa terminal blocks burimo:

• Amanota ariho ubu: 80A, 100A, 125A, 150A, 175A, 200A, 250A, 300A, na 400A
• Interineti z'insinga: 6mm² kugeza 150mm² (AWG 10 kugeza 300 kcmil)
• Ubwoko bw'itumanaho: Ikirahure/agakoresho ko gufunga (M5-M12), agakoresho ko gufunga vis, agakoresho ko gufunga agasanduku/agakoresho ko gufunga
• Impamyabushobozi: UL 1059 iri ku rutonde, ifite ikimenyetso cya CE, ikurikiza RoHS/REACH, ISO 9001:2008 QMS
• Amanota ya SCCR: 10kA kugeza kuri 65kA hamwe n'ameza ahujwe y'ibikoresho birinda
• Ibikoresho byo mu nzu: PA66 GF30, UL94 V-0, CTI >400V
• Ubushobozi bwihariye: Ikirango cya OEM, amabara yihariye, imiterere y'amanota avanze, ikimenyetso cyihariye

Buri gice cy’amashanyarazi gikomeye twohereza gipimwa 100% by’amashanyarazi — gihangana na dielectric kuri voltage ya 2 × + 1000V, gipimwa ubukana bw’aho giherereye kuri buri gice cy’amashanyarazi, kandi kigasuzumwa mu buryo bw’amaso munsi ya 10 × magnification. Iyi si ihame ngenderwaho mu nganda; ni ihame ryacu. Twayifashe kuko ikiguzi cyo gutsindwa mu kazi - mu izina, mu cyizere cy'abakiriya, no mu mafaranga nyayo - kiruta ikiguzi cyo gupima.