Ikibazo cy'ubucucike bw'insinga mu byuma bigezweho byo kugenzura inganda

Niba waramaze igihe runaka mu kabati k’ikoranabuhanga gafite ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu kugenzura imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga (PLC) kubatswe mu myaka irenga itanu ishize, uzi neza ikibazo cy’ubucucike bw’insinga. Akabati kuzuye—kuzuye rwose—insinga zikoreshwa ku giti cyazo, nyinshi muri zo zitwara ibimenyetso bisa na 24V DC bivuye kuri rail imwe y’amashanyarazi. Buri karita y’inyongera ibona insinga yayo yihariye iva ku murongo wa terminal block. Buri muyoboro w’inyongera ufite inzira yo kugaruka igaragaza uburyo inyongera zikora. Ingaruka ni insinga zihenze cyane kuzikora, zigoye cyane kuzikemura, kandi zigoye kuzihindura hatabayeho amakosa mashya.

Niboneye ubwanjye agace k’igenzura ry’imodoka ka 400-amps aho insinga z’umwimerere zafashe abatekinisiye babiri amasaha agera ku munani kugira ngo bapime ikibazo kimwe cy’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi, amaherezo bikaba byaragaragaye ko ari uruziga rurerure ku gice cy’igenzura. Ubwo buryo bwo gusuzuma bwari gufata iminota itarenze 30 mu gice cy’igenzura cy’amashanyarazi cya PLC gikozwe neza gikoresheje ibice by’igenzura by’amashanyarazi bifite ubucucike bwinshi hamwe n’imiterere y’imikoranire.

Iki si ikibazo cyo gutekereza. Mu bidukikije bya none by’imikorere y’inganda, ubucucike bw’imiyoboro ya PLC I/O bwariyongereye cyane uko sisitemu zo kugenzura zarushijeho kuba nziza. S7-1500 PLC ituruka kuri Siemens Ishobora kugera ku ngingo 8192 za I/O zitandukanye ku nkuta nyinshi, kandi buri ngingo muri izo isaba irangira ry'insinga haba kuri module ya PLC I/O ndetse no kurangira kw'ifasi. Iyo ukubye ibyo no ku nkuta nto—urugero, ingingo 256 za I/O—ikibazo cyo gucunga insinga kiba gihari koko ku wubaka panel ndetse no ku mutekinisiye ushinzwe kubungabunga.

Ikoranabuhanga rya elegitoroniki rya Ningbo J-Guang yakoze ibishushanyo mbonera n'inganda ibyuma binini by'aho ibyuma biherereye bifite ubucucike bwinshi by'umwihariko ku bijyanye no gukwirakwiza porogaramu za PLC kuva mu 2008, kandi namaze igihe kinini nkorana mu buryo butaziguye n'abahuza sisitemu yo kugenzura hamwe n'abubatsi b'amapaneli hirya no hinoUburayi, Amerika ya Ruguru, na Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba aho bisanzwe ibibanza by'inyuma gutsindwa n'uburyo imiterere y'ibikoresho byinshi byo gukusanya ibikoresho ikemura ibyo bibazo. Iyi nkuru ni isesengura ry'ibyo nize ku mpamvu ibyuma bitatu bifite imiterere ihuza ibikoresho bigezweho bigaragaza uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza insinga za PLC, ibipimo bya tekiniki by'ingenzi, n'uburyo bwo guhitamo ibicuruzwa bikwiye aho ukorera.

Gusobanukirwa imiterere y'ibice bitatu byo gupanga (Triple-Deck Stacking Architecture)

Imbogamizi y'ibanze ku bice bisanzwe by'aho amashanyarazi akorera mu rwego rumwe mu bikorwa byo gukwirakwiza PLC ni ukudakora neza kw'ahantu. DIN41616 cyangwaIEC 60947-7-1 Ibyuma bya terminal bikurikiza amategeko bifata ubugari bwa module imwe (ubusanzwe 6.2 mm cyangwa 12 mm bitewe n'igipimo cy'ubu) kandi bitanga urwego rumwe rw'insinga. Iyo ukeneye gukwirakwiza 24V DC ku miyoboro cumi n'ibiri itandukanye ya PLC iva kuri rail isanzwe y'amashanyarazi, ukeneye imyanya cumi n'ibiri ya terminal, bivuze ubugari bwa module cumi n'ebyiri bw'umwanya wa rail ya DIN.

Ibice bitatu bya terminal bikemura ubu busembwa bw'ahantu hadakora neza binyuze mu gushyira ku rwego rutatu rw'insinga zigenga mu bugari bwa module imwe. Imiterere ikoresha umurongo usanzwe w'amashanyarazi unyura mu nzego zose uko ari eshatu, ariko buri rwego rushyirwa ku rwego rw'amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe igice cy'ubushyuhe, kandi buri rwego rufite aho rwinjirira insinga rwigenga. Ingaruka ni uko ushobora guhagarika insinga eshatu zitandukanye—buri rumwe rufite aho ruhurira n'aho ruhurira—muri DIN imwe nk'uko terminal block imwe yakenera.

Kubera ko amadirishya atatu asangiye akabari kamwe k'amashanyarazi ariko afite aho ahurira n'aho ahurira, imiterere ya triple-deck ni nziza cyane mu gukwirakwiza PLC aho ufite bisi ihuza ingufu cyangwa ikimenyetso igana ahantu henshi. Busbar isanzwe ihuza na deck yo hejuru, kandi ishami ritatu ryigenga ry’imiyoboro isohoka kuva kuri deck yo hagati n’iyo hasi. Mu buryo bwo gukwirakwiza 24V DC PLC, ibi bivuze ko bloki imwe y’imiyoboro itatu ishobora gutanga imiyoboro itatu y’imiyoboro iva kuri feed imwe isanzwe—bigabanya uburebure bwa rail ya DIN bukenewe ho bibiri bya gatatu.

Ingaruka zifatika ku bukungu bw’iyubakwa ry’amapaneli ni ingenzi. Muri paneli isanzwe ya 256-I/O PLC, ihinduka kuva kuri bloki za terminal zo ku rwego rumwe kugera kuri three-deck kugira ngo ingufu zikwirakwizwe rishobora kugabanya umubare w’amapaneli ku myanya 60–80, bivuze ko uburebure bwa gari ya moshi ya DIN bugabanuka, ingano ya paneli igabanuka (n’igiciro), ndetse n’ingano y’insinga igabanuka. Twakoranye n’abubatsi ba paneli bagabanyije igihe cyabo cyo kubaka bloki ho amasaha 4–6 kuri buri paneli nyuma yo guhindura imiterere ya three-deck mu bice bya PLC.

Igishushanyo mbonera cy'imiyoboro ihuza: Gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso nta kajagari k'insinga

Imiterere y’ibice bitatu ni kimwe cya kabiri cy’igisubizo cyo gukwirakwiza PLC ifite ubucucike bwinshi. Igice cya kabiri ni igishushanyo mbonera cy’imikoranire—uburyo bw’ibice by’imbere bya bisi n’ibice by’inyuma bya jumper bituma urwego rw’ibice byinshi bya terminal ruhuzwa n’amashanyarazi mu buryo bugenzurwa kandi bushobora guhindurwa. Aha niho ubuhanga bw’uruganda rukora terminal block bugaragarira cyane.

Mu rwego rwo gukwirakwiza PLC, guhuza ibyuma bivuga ubushobozi bwo guhuza ibyuma byinshi bya elegitoroniki ku gice cya DIN kugira ngo ikimenyetso gisanzwe (nka 24V DC cyangwa 0V) gikwirakwizwe ku nzego nyinshi za elegitoroniki nta nsinga zikoresha hagati ya buri mwanya. Ibi bisa n'uburyo ikibaho cy'amashanyarazi mu gushushanya ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga gikwirakwiza ibyuma by'amashanyarazi ku myanya myinshi y'ibice—ariko hamwe n'ubukomezi bwa mekanike n'icyemezo cy'amashanyarazi gisabwa mu bidukikije by'inganda.

Hari imiterere ibiri y'ibanze ikoreshwa mu gushushanya ibyuma binini bya terminal ku buryo bworoshye bwo gukoresha PLC:

Ihuriro ry'imbere rya bisi rihuza abagenzi. Akabari k'umuringa cyangwa umuringa gafite icyuma gifunganye gaca imbere mu nzu y'icyuma gifunganye, gahuza ahantu henshi ho guhagarara mu gikoresho kimwe. Ubu ni bwo buryo butuma imiterere y'akabari k'icyuma gifunganye gafite imiterere itatu. Akabari k'imbere kagomba kuba gafite ingano ikwiye kugira ngo gatware amashanyarazi adahinduka cyane nta bushyuhe bwinshi bukabije—ubusanzwe gasaba ubuso bungana na mm² 4 kuri akabari k'icyuma gafite 30A gafite imyanya itatu yo guhagararamo. Ubwiza bw'akabari k'imbere ka bisi gahagarara ku isoko y'amazi ni ingenzi cyane: guhuza imbere kw'icyuma gufunguye cyangwa gukomeye bizatuma habaho ubushyuhe busanzwe butuma ubuso bw'icyuma gifunganye bugabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita, amaherezo bigatera kwangirika.

Ihuza ry'inyuma ry'urubaho rw'inyuma. Uduce tw’imashini zo hanze twashyizwemo nyuma yo kugurishwa cyangwa twashyizwe mu ruganda (tuzwi kandi ko ari uduce two gukwirakwiza cyangwa ibiraro byo gutanga) dushyirwa hejuru y’uduce tw’imashini zo hejuru kugira ngo hakorwe bisi isanzwe mu bikoresho byinshi. Ubu buryo bworoshye kurusha guhuza imbere kuko ushobora kongera gushyiraho uduce tw’imashini zo hejuru duhujwe na bisi utiriwe ukuraho imiterere y’imbere. Mu buryo bwo gukwirakwiza PLC, uduce tw’imashini zo hanze dukoreshwa mu gukora bisi zikwirakwiza ingufu zijyanye n’amatsinda y’ibikoresho bya PLC. Uduce tw’imashini zo hejuru duhabwa amanota ku muvuduko umwe n’agace k’imashini zo hejuru, kandi imbaraga zabyo zo guhuza n’agace k’imashini zo hejuru zigumana na mashini ikoresha screw cyangwa screw clamp.

Kuri J-Guang, ibyuma byacu bya terminal bifite igorofa ritatu koresha uruhurirane rw'imirongo ya bisi imbere mu gushyiramo ibikoresho hamwe n'imirongo ya jumper yo hanze mu gukwirakwiza ibikoresho hagati. Ubu buryo bubiri buha abakora panel uburyo bworoshye bwo gushyiraho imiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza ibimenyetso, kandi butuma habaho guhindura urubuga nta kongera gukoresha insinga—kuko ushobora gukuramo igice runaka cya jumper bar udahungabanyije ibindi bice by'imiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza.

Ingano y'amashanyarazi n'ubushyuhe: Ni iki IEC 60947-7-1 Mu by'ukuri Bisabwa

Kimwe mu bintu bidakunze kumvikana neza mu guhitamo bloki za terminal mu gukwirakwiza PLC ni sisitemu yo gupima voltage. bloki za terminal zifite voltage ifite rated na rated current, kandi specifications zombi zigengwa n'amahame mpuzamahanga—ariko ntabwo zishobora guhindurwa, kandi kuzivangavanga ni imwe mu mpamvu zikunze kugaragara zo gukora amakosa yo gupima specifications nhura nazo muri urwo rwego.

Igipimo ngenderwaho gikoreshwa ku bice by'inyuma bya modular bikoreshwa mu bikoresho byo kugenzura inganda ni IEC 60947-7-1 (Imashini zikoresha ingufu nke n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura—Igice cya 7-1: Ibikoresho by'inyongera—Ibikoresho bya terminale ku byuma biyobora umuringa). Iri hame rigena ibisabwa mu isuzuma rya mekanike, amashanyarazi, n'ibidukikije terminale igomba kunyuramo kugira ngo ihabwe amanota. Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi muri iri hame birimo:

Voltage ifite amanota. Voltage ntarengwa bloc ya terminal ishobora kwihanganira hagati y’imiyoboro yegeranye cyangwa hagati y’imiyoboro n’aho ishyirwa (niba bishoboka). Ku bijyanye no gukwirakwiza PLC hakoreshejwe ibimenyetso bya DC 24V, ibi ntibikunze kuba imbogamizi—ariko ku igenzura rya moteri y’ibice bitatu cyangwa 480V AC, voltage ifite amanota iba ingenzi cyane. Buri gihe genzura ko voltage ifite amanota ya terminal ya terminal yujuje cyangwa irenga voltage ntarengwa ya sisitemu, atari voltage yihariye gusa. Ku bidukikije bya PLC by’inganda bifite urwego rw’amashanyarazi avanze (harimo n’ibitanga moteri bya AC 480V), turakugira inama yo guhitamo block ya terminal ifite amanota yaNibura 630V AC gutanga urwego ruhagije rw'umutekano.

Umuriro w'amashanyarazi wapimwe. Umuyoboro ntarengwa w'amashanyarazi uhoraho ushobora gutwarwa unyuze mu gice cy'umuyoboro utarenze izamuka ryemewe ry'ubushyuhe. Izamuka ry'ubushyuhe ritarenza urugero IEC 60947-7-1 ni 45°C hejuru y'ikirere ku muvuduko w’amashanyarazi upimwe, upimwe ku mpera y’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi. Ibi ni ingenzi kuko umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi upimwe ufata umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi runaka (ubusanzwe 2.5 mm² kuri 20A terminal block) n’ubushyuhe bwihariye. Niba ukoresheje umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi muto kurusha uko umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi ubivuga, ubushobozi nyabwo bwo gutwara umuriro buzaba buri hasi ugereranije n’agaciro kagenwe bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubushyuhe bwa I²R muri kondakita y’amashanyarazi.

Voltage y'ingufu ihanitse. Ingufu ntarengwa y'amashanyarazi (izamuka ry'amashanyarazi) icyuma gishobora kwihanganira kidacika intege. Ku byinjira muri PLC mu nganda zifite moteri nyinshi, ingufu z'amashanyarazi ziva mu guhinduranya moteri zishobora kugera kuri 2.5–4 kV ndetse no kuri 24V DC circuits. Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zigaragazwa kuri2.5 kV, 4 kV, 6 kV, cyangwa 8 kV bitewe n'icyiciro cy'ibikoresho (Icyiciro cya I, icya II, icya III, cyangwa icya IV). Ku makabati ya PLC arimo ibyuma bihindura imikorere (VFDs), guhitamo ibyuma bipima nibura 4 kV ni ingenzi.

Impamyabushobozi y'umwanda. IEC 60947-7-1 bisaba ko ibyuma bishyirwa ku gipimo runaka cy’umwanda (1, 2, cyangwa 3), bisobanura imiterere y’ibidukikije ibikoresho bizakoreramo. Icyiciro cya 3 cy’umwanda gikoreshwa mu makabati yo kugenzura inganda aho umwanda uturuka ku ngufu (nk’umukungugu n’amazi) ushobora kwitezweho. Buri gihe garagaza Icyiciro cya 3 cy’umwanda ku makabati yo mu nganda ya PLC, kandi urebe neza ko intera y’aho ibyuma bishyirwa n’aho biva byagenwe hakurikijwe uko bikwiye.

Uburyo bwo Guhagarika Insinga: Gushyiramo Screw Clamp vs. Spring Cage vs. Insulation Displacement

Uburyo bwo kurangiza insinga ni uburyo icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi gihuza n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wa terminal block. Ku bijyanye no gukwirakwiza PLC, ikoranabuhanga ritatu rikomeye ryo kurangiza buri rimwe rifite ibyiza bitandukanye:

Guhagarika icyuma gifunga vis. Ikoranabuhanga rizwi cyane, rikoresha vis mu gushyira igitutu ku gice cyo gufunga gifata icyuma gikingira icyuma gifata icyuma gifata icyuma. Guhagarika vis bitanga icyizere cyo gukorana neza kandi byemewe cyane mu rwego rw'inganda ku isi yose. Ariko, bisaba visuruve cyangwa urufunguzo rwa hex kugira ngo bishyirweho (byongera igihe cyo kubaka panel), kandi bishobora kwangirika mu gukorana iyo vis ifunguye mu gihe ihindagurika—uburyo buzwi bwo kwangirika mu nganda zigenzura ibyuma bifite insinga zikomeye cyangwa ibikoresho bihindagurika. Dutanga uburyo bwo guhagarika vis ku bikoresho aho kurangiza bizakunze kuboneka mu rwego rwo kubungabunga cyangwa aho insinga zo mu kibuga zikorwa n'abakozi bakunda gutanga ibitekerezo ku buryo bwo gukorana.

Guhagarika ikiraro cyo mu mpeshyi. Uburyo bwo gufunga bukoresha imbaraga zihoraho zo gufunga ku muyoboro w'insinga, bikuraho gukenera vis kandi bigatuma insinga zitagira ibikoresho zishyirwamo. Guhagarika insinga mu gihe cy'izuba bihuta cyane mu bikorwa kandi birwanya guhungabana kuko insinga igumana imbaraga zihoraho zo gukoraho nubwo byaba bimeze gutembera. Ariko, kurangiza insinga mu gihe cy'izuba bikunze kuba bifite ubushobozi bwo guhanganaho gato kurusha kurangiza insinga zo gufunga, kandi bishobora kutemewe mu buryo bwa kera bw'inganda mbere y'ikoranabuhanga rya kera ry'inganda zo gufunga. Turasaba kurangiza insinga mu gihe cy'izuba ku bidukikije bya PLC bihindagurika cyane nka sitasiyo za pompe, imashini zifunga, n'ibikoresho byo kugenzura HVAC.

Guhagarika ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ubwishingizi bw’amashanyarazi (IDC). Uburyo bwo gukoraho nk'ubw'icyuma butobora insinga kandi bugakorana n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi iyo insinga ishyizwe mu mwanya wo kurangiza. Imiterere ya IDC yihuta cyane (nta gusiba bisaba) kandi itanga ubudahangarwa bwiza bwo guhindagura, ariko ikwiriye gusa abayoboro b'amashanyarazi bakomeye cyangwa abayoboro b'amashanyarazi bafite ingano runaka. Ntibikwiriye abayoboro b'amashanyarazi bakomeye. Ku bijyanye n'insinga za PLC zikoresha insinga zikomeye zaciwe mbere mu bikorwa, imiterere ya IDC ishobora kugabanya igihe cyo kurangiza ho 40-60% ugereranije n'uburyo bwo gufunga screw. Turagaragaza imiterere ya IDC ku bubatsi ba OEM panel bahagarika ingano nini y'insinga zisanzwe.

Ibikoresho byo mu nzu: PA6.6 ugereranije na PPE/PPO n'ingaruka ku mikorere

Ibikoresho byo mu nzu y’icyuma bigena imikorere y’ubushyuhe, kudakoresha umuriro, no kudakoresha imiti—byose ni ibintu by’ingenzi mu bubiko bwa PLC aho ibikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe nk’amashanyarazi ya PLC na modules zitwara umuriro bitera ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibikoresho bibiri by’ingenzi byo mu nzu y’icyuma bikoreshwa mu nganda ni polyamide 6.6 (PA 6.6) na polyphenylene ether/polyphenylene oxide yahinduwe (PPE/PPO blends).

PA 6.6 (ikunze kwitwa nylon) ni yo ikoreshwa cyane mu kubaka icyuma gifunga icyuma. Ibyiza byayo by'ingenzi ni imbaraga nziza za mashini, imiterere myiza ya dielectric, hamwe n'imikorere ya shimi. PA 6.6 irageraho UL94 V-0 gutinda k'umuriro ubugari bwa mm 0.8, buhuye n'ibisabwa kugira ngo umuriro ushyirwe IEC 60947-7-1Ariko, PA 6.6 ifite ubushyuhe buhoraho bwo gukora bwa dogere selisiyusi 105, kandi yinjiza ubushuhe uko igihe kigenda gihita—ibi bikaba bishobora kugabanya imbaraga zayo zo gukoresha amashanyarazi kugeza kuri 30% mu bidukikije bifite ubushuhe bwinshi.

Ibikoresho byo mu nzu bya PPE/PPO bitanga ubushobozi bwo kudakoresha amazi menshi kandi bikagira ubushyuhe bwinshi buri gihe (kugeza kuri 115–120°C). Imiterere yabyo ya dielectric irahamye mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe, bigatuma bikundwa cyane mu gushyiramo PLC hanze cyangwa ahantu hafite ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ariko, PPE/PPO irahenze kurusha PA 6.6, kandi ubushobozi bwayo bwo kudakoresha ibyuma mu bushyuhe buri hasi ni buke—bityo ku bikoresho bisanzwe bya PLC byo mu nzu, PA 6.6 iracyari amahitamo meza kandi ahendutse.

Ku byerekeye ibyuma bikwirakwiza PLC bikoreshwa mu makabati afunze afite ubushyuhe bugera kuri 55°C (bisanzwe mu makabati afunze afite ibikoresho bitanga ubushyuhe), amazu ya PA 6.6 arahagije. Ku bijyanye no gushyira mu mazu yo hanze, kwibasirwa n'izuba ryinshi, cyangwa ahantu hashyuha cyane, turasaba amazu ya PPE/PPO. Buri gihe genzura neza ibipimo by'ibikoresho by'amazu biri ku rupapuro rw'amakuru—amakuru menshi asanzwe akoreshwa mu mazu afunze ntabwo agaragaza neza ibikoresho by'amazu, ibyo bikaba bigomba kuba ikimenyetso cy'umutuku.

Ibisobanuro ku ikoreshwa: Gushyiramo ibyuma bya Terminal Blocks bifite ubucucike bwinshi mu gushyiraho PLC nyazo

Kugira bloki za terminal zitangwa ku bijyanye no gukwirakwiza porogaramu za PLC mu nganda zitandukanye—guteranya imodoka, gutunganya ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, gutunganya amazi, no kugenzura HVAC—ndashaka gusangira imiterere y'ikoreshwa ryayo ihoraho itanga umusaruro mwiza hamwe n'amakosa mu bijyanye n'imiterere akunze gutera ibibazo mu rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga.

Ihame ry'ingenzi mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ni gutandukanya hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'ikimenyetsoMu kabati ka PLC gafite ingano y'amashanyarazi avanze (480V AC moteri feeders, 230V AC control circuits, 24V DC PLC I/O), ibyuma bya terminal kuri buri rwego rw'amashanyarazi bigomba gutandukanywa mu buryo bufatika, haba hakoreshejwe imiyoboro ya DIN itandukanye ifite itandukaniro risobanutse cyangwa hakoreshejwe ibyuma bya terminal style barrier-style bitanga icyuho gifatika hagati y'ibyuma bya volteji bitandukanye byegeranye. Iri tandukaniro risabwa na IEC 60204-1 (Umutekano w'imashini—Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi) kandi ntabwo ari amahitamo mu buryo bwinshi bwo kugenzura umutekano w'inganda.

Ku gice cyo gukwirakwiza 24V DC PLC I/O by'umwihariko, turasaba gukoresha uburyo bwa "triple-deck configuration" aho "top deck" ari "common power bus" (24V DC iva mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi), "medium deck" igatanga "PLC input group A", naho "down deck" igatanga "PLC input group B". Ubu buryo bwemerera "common bus" gukurwaho kugira ngo habeho "lock-out" mu gihe "input groups" zombi zigumana ingufu, kandi butuma "input groups" imwe imwe idashyirwamo ingufu kugira ngo ikomeze gusanwa nta ngaruka ku yindi group.

Ikosa risanzwe ryo kugena uko ibintu bimeze ni ukugabanya igipimo cy’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi wa terminal block ku ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi rya PLC. Imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ya 24V DC feeding32 PLC input channels kuri 20 mA kuri buri muyoboro ifite 640 mA yose—iri mu gipimo cy’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi ugereranije n’umuvuduko uwo ari wo wose. Ariko, umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi uturuka kuri modules za PLC input (zishobora kuba inshuro 3-5 z’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi uhoraho mu gihe cyo kongera ingufu) ushobora gushimangira umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi uhoraho mu gihe gito. Turakugira inama yo gushyiraho terminal blocks ku ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi rya PLC hamwe n’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi usanzwe nibura 150% by’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi uhoraho wabazwe, kugira ngo habeho ingano ihagije y’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi n’ikosa.

Ikindi kintu gifatika cyo gutekerezaho ni gucunga insinga no kuziyobora. Uduce dutatu tw’insinga tugabanya umubare w’insinga ariko twongera ubucucike bw’insinga kuri buri gice cyo kurangiza (insinga eshatu kuri buri mwanya aho kuba imwe). Ibi bisaba kwitonda ku bijyanye no gushyira insinga ku murongo w’insinga kugira ngo hatagira umurambararo umwe w’insinga ufunganye cyane, bishobora kwangiza insinga uko igihe kigenda gihita. Turasaba ko umurambararo wa metero imwe n’igice ufunganye urushaho kuba munini inshuro eshatu z’umurambararo w’insinga zo hanze kugira ngo insinga zigende neza.

Gusana, Gukemura Ibibazo, no Guhindura Urwego

Kimwe mu bintu byumvikana cyane ku birebana n’ama-terminal blocks afite ubucucike bwinshi mu gukwirakwiza PLC ni uburyo bwo kubungabunga no gukemura ibibazo bitanga. Iyo umuyoboro w’itumanaho wa PLC wananiwe mu gice gisanzwe cy’itumanaho, uburyo bwo gusuzuma busaba gukurikirana insinga imwe n’imwe kuva kuri module y’itumanaho isubira inyuma inyuze kuri terminal block ijya ku gikoresho cyo mu murima—inzira ishobora gufata amasaha menshi mu buryo bugoye. Mu buryo bwateguwe neza. icyuma cy'inyuma gifite igorofa ritatu Gushyiraho, inzira yo gusuzuma ni ngufi cyane kuko buri mwanya wa terminal block ukora akazi kagenwe kandi gashobora gusobanurwa.

Ku mpinduka mu murima—zibaho kenshi kurusha uko abashushanya sisitemu yo kugenzura benshi babitekerezaga—imirongo itatu y’amapine ifite umurongo w’inyuma w’imashini itanga inyungu z’inyongera. Iyo kwagura sisitemu ya PLC bisaba kongeramo imiyoboro y’imashini, ubusanzwe inzira igarukira ku kongeramo imyanya y’imashini ku gice cya DIN cya gari ya moshi gihari, gushyiraho imirongo mishya y’imashini kugira ngo yongere bisi ikwirakwizwa ku myanya mishya, no guhagarika insinga nshya z’imashini. Ibi byihuta cyane kuruta gukoresha imiyoboro mishya y’imashini kuva ku gice cy’imashini cyo hagati kugeza kuri buri ngingo nshya ya I/O.

Kugira ngo hakomeze gusuzumwa, ndasaba gushyiraho gahunda yo kugenzura torque ya terminal block ku bijyanye no guhagarika screw-clamp mu bice bihindagurika cyane. Igihe cyo gukoresha torque giterwa n'urwego rw'ihindagurika: ku makabati yo mu nganda muri rusange (aho bakorera), kugenzura torque buri mwaka birahagije; ku makabati ari ku mashini zihindagurika (pompe, compressors, vibrating ecrans), kugenzura torque buri mwaka ni ubushishozi kurushaho. Koresha screwdriver ya torque igenzurwa ku gaciro ka torque kagenwe ku rupapuro rw'amakuru—ubusanzwe 0.5–0.8 Nm kuri 4 mm² terminal block.

Gushaka isoko no kugenzura ubuziranenge: Icyo wasaba umucuruzi wawe

Si byose ibyuma binini by'aho ibyuma biherereye bifite ubucucike bwinshi biremwa bingana, kandi itandukaniro ry’imiterere ritandukanya ibicuruzwa byahinduwe by’ukuri n’ibicuruzwa bishya ntirigaragara buri gihe ku ifoto ya kataloge. Dore icyo nsaba gusaba kuri wewe umutanga porogaramu yo gukwirakwiza ibyuma bifunga ibyuma:

Saba IEC 60947-7-1 raporo y'ikizamini. Uruganda rwose ruvuga ko rwujuje aya mabwiriza rugomba kuba rushobora gutanga raporo y'ibizamini iturutse muri laboratwari yemewe yo gupima (nk'uko TÜV Rheinland, UL, CSAcyangwa Ibiro Veritas). Raporo y'ikizamini igaragaza agaciro nyako kapimwe ku mbaraga za dielectric, ubushobozi bwo kwirinda gushyushya, kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe, no kwihangana kwa mekanike—si ibipimo byavuzwe gusa. Umutanga serivisi udashobora cyangwa utazatanga izi nyandiko ni ikimenyetso gikomeye.

Genzura neza igipimo cy'ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'impamyabumenyi y'umwanda kuri raporo y'ibizamini. Impapuro nyinshi z'amakuru rusange zigaragaza IEC 60947-7-1 ikirego cyo kubahiriza amategeko hatagaragajwe igipimo cy’ingufu z’amashanyarazi cyangwa igipimo cy’ihumana—bivuze ko ibyo bipimo bitarageragejwe, cyangwa ibisubizo by’ibizamini byari bibi bihagije ku buryo byakuwe mu rupapuro rw’amakuru. Ku bidukikije by’inganda za PLC, ugomba kureba igipimo cya 3 cy’ihumana n’ingufu z’amashanyarazi 4 kV cyangwa zirenga nk’ibipimo ntarengwa.

Emeza ko urupapuro rw'amakuru yerekeye ibikoresho by'amazuSaba urwego rw'ibikoresho byo guturamo na UL94 Igipimo cyo gutwika. Ibice bya PA 6.6 bigomba kuba byemejwe ko UL94 V-0 ku bugari bw'urukuta rw'inzu rwakoreshejwe mu gicuruzwa. Iyo umucuruzi adashobora gutanga urupapuro rw'amakuru y'ibikoresho, ikirego cy'ibikoresho by'inzu nticyemezwa.

Suzuma Ibipimo by'ubudahangarwa bw'aho umuntu ahuriye n'aho .... Ibyuma by'amashanyarazi bifite ubuziranenge buhanitse bigomba kugira ubukana bwo gukoraho buri munsi ya mΩ 1 (milliohm) ku muvuduko w'amashanyarazi ugenwe, upimwe aho insinga zihagarara. Agaciro ko gukoraho gakomeye kagaragaza ko ubuso bwo gukoraho budateguye neza cyangwa imiterere y'imbaraga za spring/clamp, byombi bizatuma habaho kwangirika vuba mu mikoreshereze y'amashanyarazi menshi cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Ingendo Ziri Kugaragara: Smart Terminal Blocks na Integrated Diagnostics

Isoko ry’ibikoresho byo gusuzuma ibyuma bikoresha ikoranabuhanga ritangiye kugaragara mu buryo buhuriweho n’abantu benshi, ariko mbere byari bigoye gukoresha ibikoresho bidakoreshwa. Inganda nyinshi—harimo na J-Guang—zirimo gukora ibikoresho byo gusuzuma ibyuma bikoresha ikoranabuhanga bifite ibikoresho byo kugenzura amashanyarazi, LED zikoresha ikoranabuhanga, n’itumanaho rituma ibyuma bikoresha ikoranabuhanga ubwabyo bitanga raporo ku miterere yabyo kuri PLC cyangwa BMS binyuze kuri bisi ya digitale.

Ku bijyanye no gukwirakwiza PLC, iterambere rishimishije cyane ni uguhuza utubari twa bisi tureba ubushyuhe bw'amashanyarazi ishobora kubona imiyoboro ifunguye cyangwa agaciro k'amashanyarazi kadasanzwe ku myanya ya terminal block imwe imwe nta byuma bipima byo hanze byiyongereyeho. Ibi bituma habaho uburyo bwo kwirinda (aho kuba igisubizo cyo kwangirika) ku muyoboro w'insinga za PLC. terminal block ifite sensor y'amashanyarazi ihuriweho itanga raporo kuri PLC hejuru ya Modbus RTU cyangwa CANopen Interineti ishobora kuburira abakoresha ibibazo byo guhuza insinga mbere yuko bateza ikibazo cyo gucika kw'ibikoresho bya PLC.

Turimo kubona kandi kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa rya uburyo bwo kurekura ibintu budafite ibikoresho ku bice by'aho insinga zishyirwa mu cyuma gishyuha bituma insinga zikurwaho nta bikoresho zikoreshwa—ikintu kigabanya cyane igihe cyo kuzikoresha. Guhuza uburyo bwo kuzimya insinga zishyirwa mu cyuma gishyuha (kugira ngo habeho umuvuduko wo kuzishyiraho mbere) no kuzishyira mu cyuma nta bikoresho bikoreshwa (kugira ngo habeho umuvuduko wo kuzikoresha) ni ibintu bikomeye cyane ku bijyanye n'uburyo PLC zikwirakwizwamo aho ikiguzi cyo kubaka insinga z'ibanze n'ikiguzi cyo kuzikoresha mu kuzikoresha ari ibintu by'ingenzi.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa