Mu mezi arindwi ya mbere y’Ubushinwa muri uyu mwaka, ibicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa bitumiza n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga muri ASEAN byageze kuri 35.300 Yuan, byiyongereyeho 13.2% ugereranyije n’umwaka, nk’uko imibare yashyizwe ahagaragara n’Ubuyobozi Bukuru bw’Imisoro bw’Ubushinwa ibigaragaza. Iki ni cyo gikorwa giheruka kugerwaho mu bufatanye mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi hagati y’Ubushinwa n’ibihugu byo muri ASEAN, ndetse n’ikarita itangaje y’Ubufatanye Busesuye mu Bukungu bw’Akarere (RCEP). Mu mezi atandatu ashize, nubwo icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyakomeje kwiyongera ndetse n’ikibazo gikomeye mpuzamahanga, RCEP yakomeje gutanga inyungu muri politiki no gufasha kwihutisha ubufatanye mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu byo muri ASEAN. Uduhuza duto duhuza, Ibihuza uruziga na Udupira tubiri two guhuza bigomba kwitabwaho.
01 Tuzanoza uburyo bwo koroshya ubucuruzi
Ubushinwa na ASEAN byuzuzanya cyane, bifite ubufatanye butandukanye kandi bifite amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere. Ni abafatanyabikorwa b'ingenzi mu bucuruzi. Kimwe mu bintu byiza nyuma y'uko RCEP itangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa ni amasezerano yo kugabanya imisoro. Muri ayo masezerano, ubucuruzi bw'ibicuruzwa birenga 90 ku ijana mu karere buzaba bugeze kuri zeru.
Dukurikije itegeko ryo gukusanya inkomoko y’ibicuruzwa, igihe cyose agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byabonetse mu gutunganya ibicuruzwa ari ak’ibihugu 15 bigize umuryango, kandi agaciro k’ibicuruzwa birenga 40% bishobora guhabwa ibiciro bikwiranye n’ibyo. Ibi byazamuye icyizere ku bigo by’Ubushinwa na ASEAN cyo gukora ubufatanye mpuzamahanga.
Mu bijyanye no kugabanya inzitizi zitari iz’imisoro, aya masezerano atuma Ubushinwa na ASEAN bishyira mu bikorwa buhoro buhoro amategeko amwe mu mikorere ya gasutamo, igenzura n’ishyirwa mu kato, amahame ya tekiniki n’ibindi bice, bityo bikagabanya ikiguzi cy’ubufatanye mu bucuruzi hagati y’Ubushinwa na ASEAN. Kubera izindi mpamvu nziza nka RCEP, ASEAN yarenze EU mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka yongera kuba umufatanyabikorwa ukomeye mu bucuruzi bw’Ubushinwa.
02. Kwagura "imitsi mikuru" y'ibicuruzwa byambukiranya imipaka
Isano ikomeye hagati y'ubucuruzi n'inganda ituma habaho ireme n'iterambere ry'imiyoboro y'ibikoresho byambukiranya imipaka mu karere. Nyuma y'uko RCEP itangiye gushyirwa mu bikorwa, gari ya moshi ihuza ubwikorezi bw'imodoka za gari ya moshi n'inyanja y'inzira nshya yo ku butaka n'inyanja mu burengerazuba bw'Ubushinwa yongereye isukari, ibinyabiziga n'ibiti, inafungura "RCEP--Beibu Gulf Port--Henan", "Southeast Aziya--Qinzhou--Xi'an" na "India---Beibu Gulf Port--Guiyang".
Nk’icyambu cy’Ubushinwa kijya muri ASEAN, icyambu cya Beibu Gulf cya Guangxi giherutse gufungura inzira nyinshi z’amakonteyineri kugira ngo hatezwe imbere uburyo bwo guhanahana amakonteyineri n’ibihugu bya ASEAN; gari ya moshi ya China-Laos n’ihuza rya gari ya moshi ya China-Laos, bituma inzira mpuzamahanga y’ubwikorezi buhuriweho hagati y’ubutaka n’inyanja irushaho koroha kandi ikoroha…
Iterambere ry’iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo bya ASEAN hagati y’Ubushinwa na ASEAN ryihutishije iyubakwa ry’inganda nyinshi nka Ubushinwa na Maleziya na Pariki Mpuzamahanga y’ibikorwa remezo ya Nanning y’Ubushinwa na Singapore, kandi ryihutishije iterambere ry’uburyo bushya bw’ubucuruzi n’uburyo nk’ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki bwambukiranya imipaka n’ububiko bwo mu mahanga, bityo byongera imbaraga mu bufatanye mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi hagati y’Ubushinwa na ASEAN.
03. Kwihutisha guhuza uruhererekane rw'inganda n'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa
RCEP ikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bitandukanye, nko kugabanya imisoro, koroshya ubucuruzi, no gufungura serivisi no gushora imari. Izashishikariza akarere ka Aziya na Pasifika gukomeza guhuza ibikorwa by'inganda, kunoza ikwirakwizwa ry'imiyoboro y'ibicuruzwa, no guteza imbere urujya n'uruza rw'ubukungu.
Mu rwego rwa RCEP, Ubushinwa na ASEAN bifite inyungu rusange mu gusangira amasoko manini cyane, birushaho kugira inyungu zuzuzanya no gushyira mu bikorwa ibintu bifatika, kandi bifite amahirwe menshi yo gukorana mu nganda no mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa. Birakwiye ko nubwo hari iterambere mu bukungu bw'akarere, ubufatanye hagati y'Ubushinwa na ASEAN bufite imbaraga nyinshi kandi bufite amahirwe meza.
Mu gihe kitari kirekire gishize, Umujyanama wa Leta y'Ubushinwa akaba na Minisitiri w'Ububanyi n'Amahanga, Wang Yi, yahuye n'Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa ASEAN, Lin Yuhui, kugira ngo batangize iyubakwa rya verisiyo ya 3.0 y'Akarere k'Ubucuruzi ka Bushinwa na ASEAN vuba bishoboka, bashyire mu bikorwa byuzuye, kandi bateze imbere kuvugurura RCEP mu gihe gikwiye. Mu gihe gikwiye, RCEP izatanga umusaruro mwinshi ku bufatanye mu bukungu n'ubucuruzi hagati y'Ubushinwa na ASEAN kandi itange imbaraga nshya zo kugarura no guteza imbere ubukungu mu karere no ku isi.
RCEP iratangira gukora, kandi Guangxi na Yunnan byabaye ibigo bishya by'ubukungu. Inama ya 11 Mpuzamahanga y'Abacuruzi b'Ibintu mu Bushinwa n'Imurikagurisha Mpuzamahanga rya 7 ry'Ibintu mu 2022 bibera i Kunming, mu ntara ya Yunnan, umujyi wa RCEP uri hagati mu gihe kizaza. "Amasomo abiri" yabereye i Yunnan, intego yayo ni ukureka ibigo by'ubucuruzi bw'Ibintu bitwara imizigo byishimire byuzuye inyungu za politiki ya RCEP, gufata amahirwe y'ubucuruzi i Yunnan, gufata umuyoboro mpuzamahanga w'ibikoresho mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, gusuzuma icyerekezo gishya cy'ubucuruzi mu gihe cy'icyorezo icyarimwe, gufata amashanyarazi nyayo yambukiranya imipaka, ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu, ubucuruzi bushingiye ku mupaka, gari ya moshi ya Laos, umuyoboro mushya n'amahirwe mashya y'ingamba zo mu muhanda n'umuhanda.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 27 Nzeri 2022