Poraka whakamutunga tīwiri PCB J-GUANG - raupapa pitch 5.0mm mō ngā ota papatipu

Ina tuku tono nui te tīma hoko mō ngā poraka pito—hei tauira, 50,000 ngā wahi o te momo tīwiri PCB 5.0mm te whānui—kāore rātou e whakawhirinaki noa ki te pepa raraunga. Ka tukuna e rātou he kaitirotiro, ka tono tauira, ka whakahaere whakamātautau e nui atu ana i te tirotiro tirohanga noa. I J-GUANG, kua whakahaerehia e mātou he maha ngā arotake wheketere i roto i te tekau tau kua hipa, ā, kua kite mātou i ngā tauira tirotiro pakari e puta ake ana puta noa i ngā ahumahi: mai i ngā kaihoko aunoatanga ahumahi i Tiamana ki ngā OEM tohatoha hiko i Amerika Te Raki. Ka wehewehea e tēnei tuhinga ngā tohu arotake tika e whakamahia ana e ngā tīma hoko i mua i te tuku whakaaetanga wheketere mō ngā tono nui poraka pito, i runga i ō mātou wheako tuatahi me ngā paerewa ahumahi pēnei i... IEC 60998 me UL 1059.

Ahakoa he tohunga hokohoko koe e hiahia ana ki te whakatikatika i tō rārangi arowhai arotake, he kaihanga rānei e whai ana kia paahitia ngā tirotiro i te whakamātautau tuatahi, e whitu ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei e kapi ana i te tiwhikete rauemi, te tutuki i ngā āhuatanga, te whakamātautau hiko, te pono o te whakakikorua, te whakamana i te takai, te arotake tuhinga, me te kaha whakaputa i te papaanga. Ka whakaurua e mātou ngā raraunga tūturu mai i tā mātou ake raina whakaputa—pēnei i te Poraka whakamutunga tīwiri PCB 301-5.0—hei whakaatu i ngā mea e angitu ana, me ngā mea e hinga ana. Me tīmata tātou ki te tūāpapa: te manatoko rauemi.

1. Tirotiro Whakawhiti Tiwhikete Rauemi: Kei tua atu i te Kāri Kōwhai UL

Kāore ngā tīma hoko e whakaae ki tētahi kāri kōwhai UL i te uara mata. E tono ana rātou i ngā pūrongo whakamātautau rauemi motuhake (MTR) mō ia puranga kapia e whakamahia ana i roto i te whare poraka pito. Mō ā mātou whare PA66, ko te tikanga me manatoko te whakatauranga mura UL 94 V-0 me ngā raraunga whakamātautau wera tuturu: me iti iho i te 10 hēkona te roa o te mura i muri i te ahi mō ia tauira, ā, kāore he maturuturu mura e taea te mura i te tohu miro. Kua kite mātou i ngā kaitirotiro e whakahē ana i tētahi puranga nā te mea i whakaatu te MTR i te mura 12 hēkona i muri i te ahi i runga i tētahi tauira—ahakoa ko te toharite he 8 hēkona. Ko te paerewa he mō ia tauira, ehara i te toharite.

Haunga te mura, ka tirohia e rātou te ihirangi muka karāhe i roto i te PA66. Ko te whakatakotoranga noa ko te 30% ±2% te whakakī karāhe mō te pumau o ngā āhuatanga. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaitirotiro te tātaritanga wera-rahi (TGA) hei whakaū i tēnei. Mena ka heke te ihirangi karāhe ki te 27%, ka piko pea te whare i te wā e whakapiri ana i ngā ngaru, ka hē te tūnga o te pine. Kei a mātou tonu te kaha TGA o roto ki te manatoko i mua i ia puranga i mua i te tukunga. Mō te konganuku whakamutunga, ka tono ngā tīma hoko i tētahi tātaritanga matawhānui hei whakaū i te hanganga parahi (te nuinga o te wā ko te C36000, ko te C37700 rānei) me te ihirangi parahi neke atu i te 57% me te ihirangi mata i waenga i te 1.5% me te 3.5% mō te ngāwari o te miihini. Ka whakaratohia e mātou ēnei raraunga i roto i ā mātou ngā tuhinga hua mō ia ota nui.

Ngā taiwhanga o waho pērā i Ngā ratonga whakamātautau rauemi a UL e whakamahia ana mō te manatoko a te hunga tuatoru. Tērā pea ka tono ngā tīma hoko i tētahi pūrongo whakamātautau kua whakamanahia e te ISO 17025 mai i te taiwhanga a te kaiwhakarato. I J-GUANG, kei a mātou te tiwhikete ISO 9001:2015, ā, kei te pupuri mātou i ngā rekoata whakatikatika mō ngā taputapu whakamātautau katoa, ka arotakehia e ngā kaitātari i te wā e tirotirohia ana e te wheketere.

2. Te Whakatutukitanga o ngā Ahu i raro i te Karuārai: Te Ture 0.1mm

Ko te tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga te wāhi e tino mārama ai te nuinga o ngā arotakenga ota nui. Ka whakamahia e ngā tīma hoko ngā mīhini ine taunga (CMM) me ngā kaiwhakatairite whatu hei tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga matua i runga i te rahi tauira o te 125 ngā wahi mo ia rota (e ai ki te IEC 60512-1). Mō te poraka pito pito 5.0mm, ko ngā āhuatanga matua ko: te mokowā pito (5.0mm ±0.2mm), te whānui o te pine (1.0mm ±0.05mm), te roa katoa (10.0mm ±0.3mm), me te tauwehenga pokapū kōhao (≤0.1mm). Kua kite mātou i ngā kaitirotiro e whakakore ana i tētahi puranga nā te mea ko te whānui o te pine i runga i te 3 o ngā tauira 125 he 0.94mm te ine—he 0.01mm noa iho i raro i te rohe whakaritenga o raro. He tino pumau te manawanui.

Engari ko te tino tirotiro ka puta mai i te atanga hononga: te hohonutanga o te miro tīwiri me te whakatuwheratanga o te rawhi waea. Mō tā mātou tauira 301-5.0, me 4.0mm ±0.1mm te hohonutanga o te miro tīwiri M2.5, ā, me 2.5mm ±0.15mm te whakatuwheratanga o te urunga waea. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaitirotiro ngā ine haere/kore haere mō ēnei tirotiro. Mena he papaku rawa te hohonutanga o te miro, kāore e taea e te tīwiri te whakarato i te kaha rawhi e tika ana mō te waea 14 AWG; ki te hohonu rawa, ka pakaru pea te tīwiri ka memeha. Kua hangaia e mātou he ripanga whakatairite mai i ā mātou tuhinga arotake e whakaatu ana i ngā reiti paahitanga/rahunga noa:

Kei a mātou he pūnaha whakahaere tukanga tatauranga (SPC) e aroturuki ana i ēnei inenga i te wā tūturu i te wā e werohia ana te pokepoke me te tā. He pai ki ngā kaitātari te kite i ngā tūtohi SPC—e whakaatu ana tēnei he matatau mātou, ehara i te tauhohe. Mō ētahi atu kōrero mō tā mātou tukanga kounga inenga, tirohia ā mātou tirohanga whānui o te raina hua.

3. Whakamātautau Hiko i raro i te Utaina: Te Ātete ki te Hikohiko me te Ātete Pa

Kāore ngā tīma hoko e whakamātautau noa i ngā poraka pito i te pāmahana rūma. Ka whakamātautau rātou i ngā pāmahana teitei (85°C mō ngā hāora 1000 e ai ki te IEC 60998-2-1) me muri i te pānga ki te haumākū (95% RH mō ngā hāora 48). Ko ngā tawhā hiko matua e rua ko te ngaohiko ātete-hiko me te ātete whakapā. Mō te poraka pito 300V-rated, ko te whakamātautau-hiko he 1500V AC mō te 1 meneti me te kore he ia pakaru, he ia turuturu rānei e neke atu ana i te 5mA. Kua kite mātou i ngā kaitirotiro e whakamahi ana i te 1800V mō te 5 hēkona hei whakamātautau tawhē—ki te kore e angitu, ka wehea te katoa o te rota.

Ka inehia te ātete whakapā mā te whakamahi i te tikanga Kelvin e whā-waea. Ko te whakatakotoranga he ≤5 milliohms te tīmatanga, ā, ≤10 milliohms i muri i te 50 huringa whakauru/tango. Engari koinei te raruraru: he maha ngā wā ka whakamātautau ngā tīma hoko me te waea tūturu (14 AWG te aho parahi) kaua ki te pine whakamātautau, nā te mea ko te atanga waea-ki-te-mutunga te mea nui i te mara. Mena kāore i te rawaka te kaha o te piri o te tīwiri, ka taea e te ātete whakapā te piki ki te 20 milliohms i muri i te huringa wera. Ka whakamātautauhia e mātou ia puranga me te iahiko 10A mō te 1000 huringa hei whakarite i te pumau. Ko ngā taiwhanga o waho pēnei i Nga ratonga whakamatautau hiko a TÜV Rheinland whakarato manatoko motuhake mō ngā kaihoko e hiahia ana.

I whakahaerehia e mātou tētahi arotake i te tau kua hipa, i uru atu tētahi tīma hoko mai i tētahi kaihanga inverter solar. I kawea mai e rātou tā rātou ake taputapu whakamātautau, ā, i whakahaerehia he whakamātautau dielectric 2000V ki runga i te 50 tauira. I paahitia katoa, engari i kitea e rātou ko te tawhiti ngoki i runga i tā mātou tauira 301-5.0 he 6.2mm te ine—kei runga ake i te iti rawa 5.5mm mō te parahanga 300V tohu 2. Nā taua tawhē tāpiri i riro ai mātou hei kaiwhakarato pai. Ehara i te mea ko te paahi/kore noa iho te whakamātautau hiko; engari ko te whakaatu i te pakari o te hoahoa.

4. Te Pono o te Whakakikorua me te Ātete ki te Waikura: Te Tūturutanga o te Rehu Tote

Ko ngā poraka pito he parahi whakakikoruatia ki te nikara, ā, ko te matotoru whakakikoruatanga he 2-5 maikorona. Ka manatokohia tēnei e ngā tīma hoko mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tātari hihi-X (XRF). Mena kei raro iho i te 2 maikorona te paparanga nikara, ka waikura pea te pito i ngā taiao haumākū teitei, ka piki ake te ātete ki te pa atu. Kua kite mātou i ngā kaitātari e whakakore ana i tētahi puranga ko te matotoru nikara toharite he 1.8 maikorona—ahakoa i kī te whakatakotoranga he 2-5 maikorona. Ko te rohe raro he tino.

Engari ko te whakamātautau tūturu ko te rehu tote e ai ki te ASTM B117. Mō ngā poraka pito ahumahi, he mea noa te 48 hāora o te rehu tote me te kore waikura whero i runga i te mata o te pito. Ko ētahi whakaritenga mō te taumata motuka e hiahia ana kia 96 hāora. Ka whakahaerehia e mātou ngā whakamātautau rehu tote i runga i ia puranga whakaputa, ā, ka tukuna atu te pūrongo. I roto i tētahi arotake, i tono tētahi rōpū hoko mai i tētahi kamupene hiko moana kia 120 hāora te rehu tote—i whakaaetia e mātou me te kore waikura, engari nā te mea kei roto i tā mātou tukanga whakakikorua he paparanga nikara o raro o te 3 maikorone te iti rawa i mua i te whakaotinga nikara whakamutunga. Ko te utu mō taua matotoru tāpiri he $0.002 ia pito, engari he pai te whakaae.

Ka tirohia hoki e ngā kaitātari te piri o te whakakikorua mā te whakamahi i tētahi whakamātautau rīpene (ASTM D3359). Mēnā ka pakaru tetahi whakakikorua, ka whakakahoretia te pito. Kua arotauhia e mātou te matū o tā mātou kaukau whakakikorua kia pai ai te piri, ā, ka tuhia e mātou te hanganga me te pāmahana o te kaukau mō ia nekehanga. Mō ētahi atu kōrero mō tā mātou tukanga whakakikorua, tirohia ngā whakaritenga hangarau i runga i tā mātou whārangi hua.

5. Whakamana i te Takai: Ehara i te Pouaka Noa

Ko ngā ota nui o te 50,000 poraka pito me takai hei ārai i te kino i te wā e tukuna ana me te rokiroki. Ka tirotirohia e ngā tīma hoko ngā takai mō ngā mea e toru: te tiaki ārai-pūmau, te ārai makuku, me te urunga ā-mīhini. He waikore ngā poraka pito me ngā whare PA66—mēnā ka pāngia ki te >60% RH mō te neke atu i te 48 hāora, ka taea e rātou te mimiti i te makuku me te whakaputa hapa honohono (popcorning) i te wā e honohono ana i te ngaru. Ka tirohia e ngā kaitirotiro kei roto i te takai he putea ārai makuku me te whakamaroke me te kāri tohu makuku. Mēnā ka puta te māwhero i te kāri (e tohu ana i te >60% RH), ka whakakahoretia te katoa o te rota.

Ka manatokohia te urunga ā-mīhini mā te whakamahi i ngā whakamātautau maturuturu: ka maturuturuhia he pouaka poraka pito mai i te 1.2 mita ki runga i te papa raima. Mena he nui ake i te 1% o ngā waeine e whakaatu ana i ngā whare pakaru, i ngā pine piko rānei, ka hē te hoahoa o te takai. Ka whakamahia e mātou he whakaurunga pahuka ritenga me ngā tapahi mō ia rarangi poraka pito, ā, kua paahitia e mātou ia whakamātautau maturuturu i roto i ngā tau e toru kua hipa. Ka tirohia hoki e ngā tīma hoko mō ngā takai haumaru-ESD (ātete mata

Ko te tapanga tētahi atu wāhanga arotake: me whai tapanga ia pouaka me te tau wāhanga, te rahinga, te waehere rā, me te tau rota. Me tutuki ngā paekōti ki te GS1-128 mō ngā pūnaha whare putunga aunoa. Kua kite mātou i ngā kaitātari e whakakore ana i tētahi tuku nā te mea kua paru te paekōti, ā, kāore i taea te matawai. He kōrero iti noa iho, engari he mea nui i roto i ngā mahi kawe nui.

6. Te Ruku Hōhonu ki te Tuhituhi: Te Whai Aroturuki mai i te Resin ki te Tukunga

E hiahia ana ngā tīma hoko ki te whai i ia poraka whakamutunga ki tana puranga rauemi mata. Ko te tikanga, kei roto i te arotake he arotake i te mekameka tuhinga katoa: te tiwhikete tātari a te kaiwhakarato kapia (CoA), ngā tawhā mīhini whakarewa (te pāmahana, te pēhanga, te wā huringa), ngā rekoata tiaki tā mo te mate tā, ngā rangitaki kaukau whakakikorua, me ngā pūrongo tirotiro whakamutunga. Kei te pupuri mātou i tētahi pūnaha whai matihiko e hono ana ia tau rota ki ēnei rekoata katoa. Ka tīpako matapōkeretia e ngā kaitirotiro te tau rota, ā, ka tono mai kia tangohia e mātou ngā tuhinga i roto i te 15 meneti. Kāore anō mātou kia rahua i tēnei whakamātautau.

Ko tētahi kitenga arotake noa ko te ngaro o ngā tuhinga whakatikatika mō ngā kī taipana e whakamahia ana hei whakatakoto i te kaha whakapiri tīwiri. Mēnā kāore i whakatikatikaina te kī taipana i roto i ngā marama 12 kua hipa, he whakapae te katoa o te mahi whakaputa. Ka whakatikatikaina e mātou ia kī taipana i ia marama 6, ā, ka puritia ngā tiwhikete ki te kōnae. Waihoki, me whai tiwhikete whakatikatika hou te CMM e whakamahia ana mō te tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga e taea ai te whai ki te NIST, ki tētahi atu mea rite rānei. Ka whakaratohia e mātou he kape i te wā o te arotake.

Ka arotakehia hoki e ngā tīma hoko ā mātou pūrongo kore-whai-ture (NCR) mō te tau kua hipa. E hiahia ana rātou kia kite kei te tautuhia e mātou ngā pūtake me te whakatinana i ngā mahi whakatikatika. Hei tauira, i pā mai he NCR i te tau kua hipa i heke te diameter o te pine ki te 0.96mm nā te kakahu o te tā. I tuhia e mātou te pūtake (te kakahu o te tā i muri i te 500,000 huringa), te mahi whakatikatika (te whakakapinga o te tā me te whakanui ake i te auau tirotiro ki ia 10,000 huringa), me te manatoko (10,000 ngā wahi e whai ake nei i roto i ngā whakaritenga). Mā taua taumata taipitopito ka hanga te whakawhirinaki. Ngā rauemi o waho pēnei i Ngā pūnaha whakahaere kounga ISO 9001:2015 whakarato i te anga mō tēnei tuhinga.

7. Te Pūkenga Whakaputa i te Papa: Te Aratohu i te Wheketere

Ko te taahiraa arotake whakamutunga he tirotiro ā-tinana i te papa whakaputa. E rima ngā mea e rapuhia ana e ngā tīma hoko: te horoi, te tiaki taputapu, te whakangungu kaiwhakahaere, te whakaritenga o te rere mahi, me te haumaru. He tohu whero tonu te wāhi pokepoke werohanga paru me ngā turuturu hinu ki runga i te papa—e tohu ana i te whakahaere tukanga ngoikore. Kei te pupuri mātou i te pūnaha 5S (Whakarōpū, Whakaritea kia Tūturu, Whiti, Whakapūmau, Pumau) ā, he maha ngā wā ka tangohia e ngā kaitātari whakaahua hei whakataurite ki ā mātou tikanga kua tuhia.

Ka arotakehia ngā rārangi tiaki taputapu: kei runga i te rārangi tiaki ārai ngā mīhini whakarewa? Ka tirotirohia ngā mati tā i muri i ia huringa 100,000? Ka whakaaturia e mātou ā mātou rekoata tiaki, tae atu ki ngā tirotiro hinu whakahinuhinu o ia rā me ngā inenga kakahu o ia wiki. Ka tirohia hoki ngā rekoata whakangungu kaiwhakahaere—me whai tiwhikete hou ia kaiwhakahaere mō tā rātou momo mīhini. Ka whakaratohia e mātou he whakangungu ā-tau, ā, ka pupuri tonu i tētahi rārangi pūkenga.

He mea nui te whakaritenga o te rere mahi: me mārama te tapanga o ngā rauemi mata, me wehe hoki i ngā taonga kua oti. Ka whakamahia e mātou ngā ipu kua tohua ki te tae: kakariki mō te tirotiro me te whakaaetia, kowhai mō te karantini, whero mō te whakakore. Ka manatoko ngā kaitātari kua raka te wāhi karantini, ā, ko ngā kaimahi whai mana anake e uru atu ana. Kāore e taea te whiriwhiri i te haumaru: ngā tūnga ohorere mō ngā mīhini katoa, ngā tinei ahi me ngā tohu tirotiro ā-marama, me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga PPE. Kua paahitia e mātou ngā arotake haumaru katoa nā te mea e whakaarohia ana e mātou he uara matua, ehara i te pouakataki.

I pau te rā katoa i tētahi tīma hoko mai i tētahi kamupene aunoatanga Pākehā ki tō mātou papa, e tātai ana i ia taahiraa tukanga, e whakataurite ana ki ngā wā huringa kua tuhia. I kitea e rātou ko te roa o te wā huringa mō te hanga i te whare 301-5.0 he 28 hēkona, ki te 30 hēkona kua tuhia. Nā taua tawhiti 2-hēkona i whakawhirinaki ai rātou ki tō mātou kaha ki te whakatutuki i tā rātou ota 100,000-wae i roto i ngā wiki e 4. Ehara i te mea ko te kimi raruraru anake te kaupapa matua—engari ko te manatoko ka taea e te kaiwhakarato te whakatutuki i ngā kupu whakaari.

Ngā Pātai Auau: Ngā Pātai Arotake Tono Nui mō te Poraka Whakamutunga