Umukozi w’ubwubatsi bw’amapine mu Buholandi yanyegereye umwaka ushize afite ikibazo cy’ikiguzi cy’abakozi cyari kigiye kuba cyihutirwa. Itsinda rye ry’abantu batatu ry’ubwubatsi bw’amapaneli ryari ryuzuza amapaneli 40-50 ku kwezi, kandi igitutu cy’ibiciro ku isoko cyaturutse ku banywanyi bo mu Burayi bw’Iburasirazuba cyari kigabanya inyungu. Imbogamizi muri buri paneli zari zimwe: guhagarika insinga. Abakoresha be b’insinga b’inararibonye bari bahagaritse insinga za 20AWG-14AWG zari zarahagaze ku buryo zihuza hafi 10-12 ku muntu ku isaha bakoresheje screw terminal blocks. Abanywanyi be, bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo gushyiramo terminal, bari barangije amapaneli angana n’ayo bafite amasaha 35-40% y’insinga.
Ibarura ry’amafaranga akoreshwa mu kazi ryari ryoroshye: ku gipimo cy’umurimo we wa EUR 38 ku isaha, yagabanyije igihe cyo gukoresha insinga ho amasaha 4-5 kuri buri gice cy’insinga 300, cyagaragazaga amafaranga azigamye hagati ya EUR 150-190 kuri buri gice. Umubare w’ibice 45 yakoreshaga buri kwezi wasobanuraga ko ari hagati ya EUR 6,750-8,550 mu kugabanya ikiguzi cy’umurimo buri kwezi. Igiciro cyo guhindura - ibyuma bishya, ishoramari riciriritse ryo gukoresha ibikoresho, n’igihe cyo guhugurwa - byagize igihe cyo kwishyura kiri munsi y’ibyumweru 6. Kuva icyo gihe twashyize mu ruganda rwe ibikoresho byose bya J-Guang push-in terminal range ndetse tunatanga amahugurwa aho ari.
Gusobanukirwa Ikoranabuhanga: Uburyo Ibikoresho bya Push-In bikora ugereranije n'uburyo Ibikoresho bya Screw
Mbere yo gusuzuma ubukungu bw’ibikoresho byo kongera gukoresha ingufu, gusobanukirwa itandukaniro rya mekanike hagati y’imiyoboro ya terminal yo gushyiramo ingufu n’iya screw ni ingenzi kugira ngo usuzume niba ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyiramo ingufu rikwiriye ikoreshwa ryawe.
Uburyo bwo guhuza icyuma gikoresha screw
Imiyoboro y'ibyuma ihambira insinga ku cyuma gifataho hakoreshejwe imbaraga za screw ikomeye. Ubwiza bw'ihuza rishingiye kuri: imbaraga zikoreshwa (hake cyane = uburinzi bwinshi; cyane cyane = kwangirika kw'insinga cyangwa imigozi yakuweho), ubwiza bw'insinga (insinga ifite imigozi igomba kuzunguruka no gushyirwamo neza muri terminal), hamwe n'ubudahangarwa bw'insinga y'icyuma mu kurekura bitewe n'ihindagurika ry'ingufu.
Iyo ngenzura imiyoboro ya screw terminal mu murima — ibyo nkora kenshi mu gihe cyo gusura abakiriya bacu — nsanga buri gihe ko torque specification ari yo ihinduka cyane. Dushyiraho agaciro ka torque kubera impamvu: screws zidakora neza zikora imiyoboro ikomeye ituma ubushyuhe burushaho kwangirika. screws zikora cyane zikuraho umugozi cyangwa zigakanda insinga zirenze urugero rwazo, bigatuma zidakora neza. Mu bunararibonye bwanjye, hafi 30-40% by'ibibazo by'insinga mu miyoboro ya screw terminals bigaruka ku ikoreshwa ritari ryo ry'umuyoboro mu gihe cyo kurangiza.
Uburyo bwo Guhuza Terminal Sukuma-In
Ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho bikoresha uburyo bwo gufunga mu mpeshyi aho gukoresha vis. Isoko ry'icyuma kitagira umugese riri imbere mu gice cy'inyuma rifata insinga ku gice cyo hejuru. Kugira ngo winjizemo insinga, uyisunika mu mwenge w'inyuma - imbaraga z'isoko zihita zifunguka, maze isoko rigafata insinga iyo urekuye umuvuduko. Nta screwdriver, nta torque igenwa, nta buhanga bwo gukoresha. Ubwiza bw'isoko bugenwa n'igishushanyo cy'isoko, ntabwo ari ubuhanga bw'umukoresha.
Nakoze ibizamini byinshi byo gusohora ingufu ku mikorere yo gusunika muri laboratwari yacu y’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere, kandi icyo mbona buri gihe ni uko uburyo bwo gufunga butanga imbaraga zihamye zo gufunga ku rugero rutangaje mu ngano yose y’umurambararo w’insinga. Insinga ikozwe neza mu gice cyo gusunika cyakozwe neza izagaragaza imbaraga zo gusohora zujuje cyangwa zirenze ibisabwa na IEC 60947-7-1. Twagerageje ibice byacu bya J-Guang byo gusunika ingufu ku ngufu zirenga 50N ku byuma bikoresha ferrule bya 1.5mm² - ibi bikaba biri hejuru cyane y’ibisabwa bisanzwe. Uku guhindagurika ni ikintu tudashobora kugeraho hamwe n’ibice byo gufunga, aho tekiniki y’umukoresha itanga itandukaniro rikomeye.
Isesengura ry'Ikiguzi cy'Umurimo: Ikintu cy'ingenzi giteza imbere ubukungu
Ikibazo cy’ubukungu cyo gukoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki mu buryo bworoshye ni inkuru y’imikorere myiza y’abakozi. Uburyo bwo gukoresha insinga mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bigenzura ni imwe mu ntambwe zisaba imbaraga nyinshi mu gikorwa cyose cyo gukora, kandi niho amahirwe menshi yo kugabanya igihe aba ariho iyo guhitamo ibice birangiye.
Dushingiye ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku gihe bwakozwe mu bikorwa byo kubaka panel hirya no hino mu Burayi no mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko wo kurangiza hagati ya push-in na screw terminals ni rinini cyane. Twashyizeho inyigo yigenga ku gihe n'ingendo kuri panel igenzura inganda ifite insinga 300 umwaka ushize, kandi ibyavuye muri iyo nyigo byemeza ibyo twari tumaze imyaka myinshi tubona mu buryo butangaje.
| Ingano y'insinga | Igikoresho cyo gukurura (iminota/insinga) | Aho gushyiramo (iminota/insinga) | Kuzigama Igihe |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20AWG (0.5mm²) | Iminota 4.8 | Iminota 2.1 | 56% |
| 18AWG (0.75mm²) | Iminota 5.2 | Iminota 2.3 | 56% |
| 16AWG (1.0mm²) | Iminota 5.5 | Iminota 2.5 | 55% |
| 14AWG (1.5mm²) | Iminota 6.0 | Iminota 2.8 | 53% |
Imibare y’igihe cyo kwiga kuri buri mugozi yavuzwe haruguru irimo gutegura insinga (gukuraho), gukoresha feri (ku nsinga zacitse), gushyiramo, no kugenzura amaso. Inyungu yo gushyiramo insinga ni nini ku nsinga nto kuko gukoresha screw clamping bifata igihe kinini ugereranyije n’ingano y’insinga.
Kuri Panel Igenzura ifite insinga 300:
- Igihe cyo gukoresha insinga z'amashanyarazi: Amasaha agera kuri 26-28 y'abakozi
- Igihe cyo gushyira insinga ku gice cyo hejuru: Amasaha agera kuri 11-13 y'abakozi
- Kuzigama igihe cy'akazi: Amasaha 15-17 y'abakozi kuri buri gice
- Kuzigama amafaranga y'abakozi kuri 38 EUR/isaha: EUR 570-646 kuri buri gice
Icyo imbonerahamwe iri hejuru idasobanura neza ni inyungu y'abakozi ya kabiri: uburinganire. Iyo mvuganye n'abayobozi b'itsinda ry'abakozi, bahora bavuga ko insinga zo gushyiramo ingufu zifite igipimo gito cy'ubusembwa ugereranyije n'insinga zo gushyiramo ingufu. Impamvu irasobanutse neza - guhagarika gukoresha ingufu zo gushyiramo ingufu ni igikorwa cyoroshye kandi gishobora gusubiramo. Hari ibintu bike bishobora kugenda nabi. Guhagarika gukoresha ingufu zo gushyiramo ingufu bisaba ubujyakuzimu bw'insinga, ubuziranenge bwo kuzunguruka, gushyiramo ingufu zo gushyiramo ingufu, gukoresha imbaraga zo gushyiramo ingufu, no kugenzura. Gushyiramo ingufu bisaba ubuziranenge bwo gukuramo insinga, gukoresha feri, n'ubujyakuzimu bwo gushyiramo ingufu. Intambwe nke bivuze uburyo buke bwo gutsindwa, ibyo bikaba bivuze ko ari ukugabanya igipimo cyo gusubiramo ingufu no gufata igihe gito cyo gukemura ibibazo no gusana insinga.
Gahunda y'Ibyemezo byo Gusubiramo: Ivugurura ry'Inyubako Nshya vs Ihinduka ry'Itsinda Risanzwe
Mbere yo kwiyemeza kongera gushyiramo ibikoresho ku mapine asanzwe, buri gihe ngira inama abaguzi yo gutandukanya ibintu bibiri: kubaka amapane mashya (aho gushyiramo ibikoresho ku mapine ari yo mahitamo meza ku bikorwa byinshi) n'ibikoresho bisanzweho (aho ubukungu busaba isesengura ryimbitse).
Igihe cyo Guhitamo Gushyiramo Imashini mu Bice Bishya
J-Guang ishyirwa mu gice cy'inyuma cy'imodoka ni amahitamo asanzwe ku bubatsi b'amapine menshi bashaka kunoza imikorere y'insinga. Turasaba ko amapine yo gushyiramo ingufu akoreshwa mu kubaka amapine mashya mu bihe bikurikira: umusaruro mwinshi ukorwa aho amafaranga menshi akoreshwa mu kubaka amapanema menshi cyangwa amagana asa; ikoreshwa mu bidukikije bigenzurwa (hasi mu ruganda, mu byumba by'amashanyarazi bigenzurwa n'ikirere) aho imitingito n'ubushyuhe biri mu bipimo ntarengwa; amapanema atazakenera guhindurwa kenshi kw'insinga nyuma yo kuva mu ruganda; n'amapale ashobora gushora imari mu bikoresho byo gufunga no gutoza abakoresha insinga zabo neza mbere yuko umusaruro utangira.
Niba uri wubaka amapaneli arenga 20 ku kwezi, ndatekereza ko inyungu mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyiramo ibikoresho bizagufasha kwishyura ibikoresho byawe byo gushyiramo ibikoresho mu mezi 3 ya mbere uhereye igihe wabikoreye. Dufite icyuma gisanzwe cyo gupima inyungu ku ishoramari dusangira n'abakiriya bashobora kubyaza umusaruro - akenshi, igihe cyo kwishyura ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho mu mapaneli n'ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho mu mapaneli bingana na screw terminal ni hagati y'ibyumweru 6 na 14 bitewe n'umusaruro w'abakozi n'ubukana bw'amapaneli.
Igihe cyo Gutunganya Udupande Dusanzweho — n'igihe cyo Kudakora
Gushyiramo icyuma gisanzwe gikoresha ibyuma bisunika (push-in terminals) bihenze cyane kuruta gushyiraho icyuma gisunika (push-in) kivuye ku gishya, kuko bisaba gukuraho no gusimbuza ibyuma bisanzwe bikoresha icyuma gisunika (terminal blocks) no kongera gufunga insinga. Dukunze gutanga inama yo kudashyiramo icyuma mu bihe bikurikira: icyuma gisanzwe gikoresha ibyuma bisunika (screw terminals) bifite imiterere myiza kandi bidafite amateka yo gucika intege; icyuma gisanzwe kiri hafi kurangira kandi kizasimburwa mu myaka 2-3; icyuma gisanzwe kiri ahantu hahindagurika cyane aho icyuma gisunika (push-in) atari amahitamo meza; cyangwa uburebure bw'insinga mu cyuma gisanzwe budahagije kugira ngo gikore imiterere itandukanye y'ibyuma bisunika (push-in terminal blocks) hatabayeho kongera gushyiramo insinga.
Ku rundi ruhande, iyo mbonye agace kubatswe n'ibyuma binini bya screw bihendutse biva mu mahanga - ubwoko bufite ibibazo bigaragara by'ubwiza, ubwiza bw'imigozi budahuye, cyangwa imiterere mibi y'insinga - nkunda gutanga inama yo kubivugurura nubwo igiciro kiri hejuru. Impamvu ni iyoroshye: ibyo bikoresho binini bya screw bifite ubuziranenge buke birimo gutera ibibazo bihoraho, kandi buri serivisi ihamagara igura amafaranga menshi kuruta ayo byagombaga kongera gukoreshwa. Kubisimbuza icyuma gikwiye cyo gusunika giturutse ku ruganda rw'ubuziranenge bikemura ikibazo cy'ihungabana ririho ubu ndetse n'ikibazo cy'imikorere y'insinga mu gihe kirekire icyarimwe.
Isesengura ry'Ibiciro byo Gusubiramo: Icyo Ivugurura Ritwara Mu by'ukuri
Ikiguzi cyo guhindura kuva kuri vis ujya kuri push-in terminal blocks giterwa n'uburyo ihinduka rikorwa - waba wubaka panels nshya ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya push-in cyangwa ukongera gushyiramo panels zisanzweho.
Kubaka Panel Nshya: Itandukaniro ry'ikiguzi cya Terminal Block
Ibikoresho bya "push-in terminal blocks" bikunze kugurwa amafaranga angana na 15-35% kuri buri "terminal" ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bya "screw-type terminal blocks", bitewe n'ikirango n'imiterere yabyo. Ku gikoresho cy'insinga 300 gifite aho guhagarara hagati ya 150-180, itandukaniro ry'ikiguzi cya "terminal block" riri hagati ya EUR 45-90 kuri buri "pane" - igice gito cy'amafaranga azigamwa hagati ya EUR 570-646 n'amafaranga azigamwa. Iyo tugaragaje iki kigereranyo ku bubatsi ba "panels" mu nama zacu z'ibicuruzwa, igisubizo kiba kimwe cyane: "ni byo?" Amafaranga y'ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho ni make cyane ugereranyije n'amafaranga azigamwa n'abakozi.
Guhindura: Guhindura Panel Iriho
Gushyiramo ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gukurura ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gukurura ibyuma bihenze cyane kuko bisaba gukuraho no gusimbuza ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gukurura ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gukurura ibyuma.
- Gukuraho no gusimbuza bloki ya terminal: EUR 0.40-0.80 kuri buri gice cy'inyuma cy'inyuma mu gihe cyo kubyara (gukuraho + gushyiraho ikigo gishya cy'inyuma)
- Guhagarika insinga: Insinga zisanzwe zishobora kongera gukoreshwa iyo hakoreshejwe feri; niba uburebure bw'insinga budahagije, insinga nshya zigomba gukururwa
- Igiciro cyose cyo kongera gutunganya imashini ku nsinga 300: Hafi EUR 180-350 mu mirimo y'inyongera hamwe n'ikiguzi cy'itsinda ry'abakoresha
Ibice by'itumanaho bya J-Guang imishinga yo gushyigikira imishinga yo kuvugurura imiterere y'ibikoresho mu bihugu 28. Imibare y'ubwishyu bw'ibikoresho byo kuvugurura imiterere y'ibikoresho: Ku ishoramari rya EUR 350 ryo kongera ingufu hamwe n’amafaranga 570-646 ku mwaka ku kazi kuri buri gice, igihe cyo kwishyura ni amapaneli 6-7 - ashobora gukurikizwa ku bubatsi b’amapaneli bafite umusaruro uhoraho. Ariko, buri gihe mburira abaguzi ko bagomba no gushyira mu gaciro ikiguzi cyo kongera ingufu. Niba igice cyo kongera ingufu kiri mu kigo gikoreramo, kugishyira hanze mu minsi 2-3 y’akazi ko kongera ingufu bifite ikiguzi cy’amahirwe kigomba gushyirwa mu rubanza rw’ubucuruzi. Ku mapaneli ari mu ruganda, iki giciro cyo kongera ingufu gishobora kurenza ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho byo kongera ingufu ubwabyo, niyo mpamvu tubasaba cyane guteganya igihe cyo kongera ingufu mu gihe cyo guhagarika ibikorwa byo kubungabunga aho kugira ngo habeho igihe cyo kuzimya umuriro. ibicuruzwa bya terminal block
Ferrules: Ikiguzi cyihishe abaguzi bakunze kwibagirwa
Uburyo bwo gutegura insinga ku byuma bisunika ibyuma biragoye cyane kurusha ku byuma bisunika ibyuma, kandi ibi bitanga ikiguzi cy'inyongera kigomba kwitabwaho mu isesengura ry'ubukungu. Insinga zigonze zisaba ko ibyuma bihagarara neza kugira ngo bisohoke neza — imigozi imwe imwe iri mu nsinga yacitse ishobora gukururuka iyo ishyizwe mu buryo bw'impeshyi, bigatuma habaho guhuza gukomeye cyangwa gucika intege mu buryo bw'aho ihurira.
Igiciro cya Ferrule: EUR 0.02-0.05 kuri ferrule bitewe n'ubwiza n'ingano. Ku gikoresho cy'insinga 300, ferrule zongeraho hafi EUR 6-15 mu giciro cy'ibikoresho - ntabwo ari byinshi cyane, ariko bigomba kubarwa mu giciro cyose.
Igihe cyo gukoresha Ferrule: hafi amasegonda 3-5 kuri buri mugozi. Ibi bigabanya igice cy'inyungu y'igihe cyo gukoresha ferrule. Inyungu y'igihe cyo gukoresha ferrule nyuma yo gukoresha ferrule ni hafi 40-50% ku mugozi - iracyari ingenzi cyane, ariko si 55-60% by'umubare mbumbe rimwe na rimwe uvugwa.
Mu bunararibonye bwanjye bwo gusura amaduka yo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya no mu Burayi, ikosa rikunze kugaragara mu gushyira mu bikorwa ingufu ni ukwirengagiza ibisabwa na ferrule. Nasuye umuhanga mu kubaka ibyuma muri Tayilande umwaka ushize wari warahinduye ibyuma bikoresha ingufu ariko wakoreshaga insinga zidafite ferrule - nta ferrule - kuko ibyuma byabo byasanze ferrule "zigenda buhoro cyane." Ibimenyetso by'ubudahangarwa bw'itumanaho ku bizamini byabo bya QC byari hirya no hino ku rwego rw'ibipimo, kandi bahuraga n'ibibazo byo gukoranaho rimwe na rimwe mu murima. Ubwo nasobanuraga uburyo ferrule ikoreshwamo maze dukora ikizamini cyo kugereranya n'insinga zidafite ferrule ugereranije n'izidafite ferrule, itandukaniro mu bwiza bw'imikorere ryahise rigaragara. Nyuma yo kongera guhugura itsinda ryabo ku buryo bukwiye bwo gukora ingufu no kongeramo amabwiriza yabo y'akazi, igipimo cyabo cyo gukora nabi mu murima cyagabanutseho hejuru ya 80% mu mezi 6.
Uburyo bwo gukoresha: Iyo terminals zo gushyiramo ibintu zikwiriye kandi zitabikwiriye
Ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho ntibiruta ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho. Hari uburyo bwihariye bwo kubikoresha aho ikoranabuhanga ryo gushyiramo ibikoresho ridakwiriye kandi ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho bigakomeza kuba amahitamo meza.
Ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu guhamagara birakwiye iyo:
- Inyubako y'ibirango by'umusaruro ifite ingano nini kandi ijyanye n'insinga
- Ibidukikije bifite umuvuduko muto kugeza ku uringaniye (ibipimo bisanzwe by’inganda bigenzura)
- Porogaramu aho igice kitazakenera gusiba/guhuza insinga kenshi
- Insinga zihambiriye zifite feri — ntabwo ari insinga zihambiriye zidafite icyuho
Ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho ntibikwiye iyo:
- Ahantu hakomeye ho guhindagura (imashini zihindagura, imashini zihindagura, cranes, ibikoresho bigendanwa) — icyuma gifunga impera gishobora kuruhuka iyo kimaze guhindagura
- Porogaramu zisaba guhindura insinga z'amashanyarazi kenshi cyangwa guhindura uruziga — gukuraho push-in bisaba igikoresho cyo kurekura kandi bishobora kwangiza isoko
- Insinga nini cyane (10AWG/6mm² no hejuru yayo) — imbaraga zo gusunika ziba zidashoboka ku nsinga nini zifata ibice bitandukanye
- Abakozi b'abubatsi ba panel badafite ibikoresho byo gufunga no guhugura
Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge: Kugenzura Imiyoboro ya Push-In Nyuma yo Gushyiramo
Iyo panel yawe imaze gukururwa n'ibyuma bisunika, ni ubuhe buryo bwo kugenzura ubwiza ugomba gukora? Hashingiwe ku gipimo cya IEC 60947-7-1 hamwe na porogaramu zacu bwite z'ubwiza, ndagusaba uburyo bwo kugenzura bugizwe n'ibice bitatu bufata iminota 15-20 kuri panel ifite insinga 300.
Ubwa mbere, igenzura ry’amaso: genzura ko insinga zose zinjiye neza muri terminal (ntugomba kuba ushobora gukurura insinga n'intoki udakoresheje uburyo bwo kuyirekura). Genzura ko insinga zacitse neza - insinga yacitse nabi ntabwo izatanga ubwiza bw’uko ikora nubwo yaba isa n’aho yashyizwemo. Nabonye insinga zacitse zifite ingano idakwiye kandi zifite igice cy’aho zikora ku nsinga, bigatuma habaho uburyo bwo guhangana cyane butaraboneka kugeza igihe amashusho y’ubushyuhe yagaragaye mu gihe cyo kugerageza uburemere bw’insinga.
Icya kabiri, igeragezwa ry’imbaraga zo gusohora hakoreshejwe icyitegererezo: IEC 60947-7-1 isaba imbaraga nke zo gusohora zitandukana bitewe n’insinga (ubusanzwe 40-60N ku nsinga za 0.5-1.5mm²). Turasaba igeragezwa ryo gusohora hakoreshejwe imashini ku kigero cya 5-10% by’irangira ry’imashini mu gihe cyo gutangira gukora no ku kigero cya 1-2% mu gihe cyo gukora nk’igenzura ry’ubuziranenge.
Icya gatatu, gupima ubushyuhe buri munsi y’umutwaro: iki ni cyo kizamini cy’ingenzi cyane cyo kumenya imiyoboro ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushyuhe bwinshi mbere yuko itera ikibazo cy’aho umuyoboro uhagarara. Imiyoboro ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushyuhe bwinshi izagaragaza ubwiyongere bw’ubushyuhe ugereranije n’imiyoboro ikikije iyo umutwaro ugeze. Dukoresha ubu buryo mu igerageza ryacu ryo kwakira abakiriya mu ruganda, kandi bwagiye bufata ibibazo byo guhuza ibintu bitashoboraga kugaragara hakoreshejwe igenzura ry’amaso gusa.
Gutegura igihe cyo kuruhuka: Kugabanya ingaruka ku musaruro mu gihe cyo kongera gukora
Niba warahisemo kuvugurura imikorere y’itsinda risanzwe hamwe n’ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho, gutegura igihe cyo gukora ni ingenzi cyane. Dukurikije ubunararibonye bwacu mu mishinga yo gutunganya ibikoresho, dore uburyo bwo gutegura umusaruro nsaba abakiriya bacu.
Ubwa mbere, gabanya igice cy’amashanyarazi mo uduce two kwitandukanya — amatsinda y’utugari dushobora kugabanywa ingufu no kongera gushyirwamo mu buryo bwihariye mu gihe ibindi bice by’icyuma bigikomeza gukora. Ubu buryo bwo gushyiramo ibice bugufasha kugabanya igihe cyose cyo gukora ukongera gushyiramo igice kimwe icyarimwe mu gihe cy’amadirishya yo gusana ateganyijwe. Ubusanzwe tubona amasaha 2-4 yo kuruhuka kuri buri gice cy’insinga 100 iyo kongera gushyiramo ibikoresho byateguwe neza kandi ibyuma byatojwe mbere y’igihe.
Icya kabiri, banza ushyire ibikoresho byose mu byiciro mbere yo kubikura kuri interineti. Umurimo wo kuvugurura ibikoresho ntugomba kuba urimo gutegereza ibikoresho, ibikoresho cyangwa inyandiko. Byose bigomba gutegurwa no kwemezwa mbere yuko ifungwa ritangira. Mu bunararibonye bwacu, impamvu ikunze gutuma umushinga wo kuvugurura ibikoresho ugabanuka ni ukunanirwa gushyira ibikoresho mu byiciro - haba hari ibyuma byashyizweho nabi, cyangwa ibyuma bitabonekaga mu bunini bukwiye, cyangwa uburebure bw'insinga ntibwari bwagenzuwe mbere kandi insinga zimwe na zimwe zagaragaye ko ari ngufi cyane ku buryo bushya bwo gushyiraho imiterere y'insinga.
Icya gatatu, umuhanga mu by'amashanyarazi ubifitiye ubushobozi azagaragara mu gihe cyose cyo gutunganya ibikoresho kugira ngo akurikirane umutekano kandi ashobore guhangana n'ibibazo bitunguranye bishobora kuvuka mu gihe cyo gufungura imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi iri hafi aho. Umutekano w'amashanyarazi ntushobora kuganirwaho kandi ntugomba kwirengagizwa kubera impamvu zagenwe.
Kwizerwa mu gihe kirekire: Amakuru yo gupfunyika mu kibuga cy'indege cyangwa se gupfunyika mu buryo bwa "screw"
Ikibazo kimwe nkunda kubazwa n’abahanga mu by’ubuziranenge ni iki: ni iki kigereranyo cy’igihe kirekire hagati y’ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho n’ibikoresho byo kugongera ibikoresho (push-in) n’ibyo kugongera ibikoresho (screw terminals)? Iki ni ikibazo cyumvikana kuko amafaranga yo kuzigama ku kazi mbere ntaho ahuriye n’igihe ibikoresho byo gushyiramo ibikoresho bitanga amafaranga menshi yo kubungabunga mu gihe cy’ubuzima bwabyo.
Dushingiye ku makuru yacu bwite yerekeye amakosa yo mu kibuga aturuka ku mashini za J-Guang zashyizwe mu bikorwa byo gushyiraho amapaneli mu bihugu 28, ishusho iragaragara ku bikorwa bigenzurwa: igipimo cy’ingaruka mbi ku mashini zishyirwa mu nganda mu igenzura ry’ubutaka kiri hagati ya 0.3-0.5% ku mwaka nyuma y’umwaka wa mbere w’ibikorwa, ugereranije na 0.8-1.2% ku mwaka ku mashini zishyirwa mu nsinga mu bikorwa bimwe. Igipimo cyo hejuru cy’ingaruka mbi ku mashini zishyirwa mu nsinga mu mwaka wa mbere (hafi 0.8-1.0%) giterwa hafi na amakosa yo gushyiraho - insinga zishyizwemo nabi, feri zitaboneka, n’ingano y’insinga itari yo - bigabanuka cyane uko itsinda rishinzwe gushyiraho rigira ubunararibonye mu gukora ibicuruzwa.
Igipimo cyo gucika intege kw'icyuma gikoresha screw terminal, mu buryo bunyuranye, gihoraho uko umwaka ugenda ushira kandi kiganjemo gucika intege bitewe n'ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi (mu nganda) n'umunaniro uterwa n'ubushyuhe (mu bikorwa byo hanze cyangwa mu bushyuhe). Ubu ni uburyo bwo gucika intege bw'icyuma gikoresha screw terminal butagabanuka cyane bitewe n'uburambe bw'umukoresha. Mu bikorwa bikoresha screw terminal terminal nk'imashini zikanda n'izikoresha screw terminal, tubona buri gihe igipimo cyo gucika intege kw'icyuma gikoresha screw terminal inshuro 2-3 kuruta ibyuma bikoresha screw terminal ...stations mu bikorwa bimwe - niyo mpamvu duhora dusaba screw terminal terminal terminal terminal terminal terminal terminal terminal terminal terminal terminal stations powered 2-3 - niyo mpamvu duhora dusaba screw terminal terminal stations powered terminals muri ibi bice, nubwo hari ikibazo cy'umunaniro uterwa n'impeshyi, kuko igipimo cyo gucika intege muri rusange kiracyari hasi.