He tukanga roa te whakarerekētanga toharite whānui, me tono atu ki te peeke whakawātea ki te tātaitanga ngaio.
Ka whakapuaki te rangatira kaipuke i te toharite whānui i roto i te wā tika mai i te taenga ki te tauranga tuatahi i muri i te toharite whānui, ā, ka whakamōhio atu ki te utanga me te kaiinihua o te kaipuke. Mēnā ka pāngia koe e tētahi aituā ōrite, tēnā ripoata atu ki te kamupene inihua i te wā e taea ai, whakarongo ki ā rātou tohutohu ngaio, ā, mā te kamupene inihua e tango te mana whakahaere. Katoa Ngā Hononga Pane, Ngā Poraka Whakamutunga me Ngā Whakaata Pahikara mara he rite tonu te huarahi ki te mahi.
Ko te tikanga, me whakarato te kaipuke me te kaiwhakatikatika i te taurangi toharite whānui me te haina i te whakaaetanga toharite i mua i te tukunga. Mō te momo taurangi, mō ngā taonga kua inihuatia, ka whakaaetia e te kaipuke me te kaiwhakatikatika te reta taurangi toharite whānui kua hainatia e te kamupene inihua, ko ngā taonga kāore i inihuatia ia me whakarato te taonga i te tawhē toharite whānui ki te kaiwhakatikatika (ki te kore te kaihoko, te kaihoko rānei e hiahia ki te utu i te utu, i te tawhē rānei, ā, kāore te kaihoko e kohi i ngā taonga, ka hokohokohia ngā taonga hei utu i te tawhē toharite whānui). Hei tāpiri, ko te tikanga, me whakarato te kaipuke i ngā tuhinga e tika ana hei whakaatu i te uara o ngā taonga.
Me whakaū tonu te rōpū utanga i te āhua o ngā taonga ki te kamupene kaipuke, me pupuri ngā taunakitanga mō tēnei mea, me uiui mō te ūnga tuatahi o te kaipuke, me whakarite i te tirotiro i te wā tika, ā, me tuku atu ki te kaituku taonga te āwhina i ngā taonga ki te tauranga ūnga kua tohua i te wā tuatahi. Ka taea e rātou te whakaiti i ngā mate koretake.
Ki te kore he meka me ngā taunakitanga e kore e taea te whakatū i te toharite whānui, me whakarato wawe te kamupene inihua, te ākena tirotiro rānei i te taurangi toharite whānui ki te kaipuke, me te tāpiri i te uara o ngā taonga i te wā kotahi, kia kore ai e taurangi ka tukuna wawetia, ka kore rānei e tika te tuku mai o ngā taonga e puritia ana e te kaipuke.
I te nuinga o te wā, kia tere ai te taenga atu o ngā taonga ki te kaiwhiwhi, kia kore ai hoki e whakaroa, ka whakaratohia e te taha utanga he taurangi toharite whānui. Kia oti te whakatikatika, me utu te aromatawai toharite whānui kino i muri i te arotake me te whakaae ki te pūrongo whakatikatika.
Kāore he kōrero, hoko inihua!
I roto i te inihua moana, ko te inihua mō ngā "mōrearea katoa" te mea tino māmā. Ko tōna kapinga ko te FPA, te WPA me ngā taonga inihua e haere ana nā ngā take o waho i puta mai i te katoa, i te wāhanga rānei o te ngaronga. Ko ngā take o waho e pā ana ki te tahae, te tuku taonga, te ua wai māori, te poto, te ranunga, te pirau, te turuturu, te pakaru, te reka o te aho, te makuku me te wera, te pakaru o te matau, te pakaru o te takai, te pakaru o te waikura.
Me mōhio anō hoki, kāore ngā mōrearea patu me ngā mōrearea pakanga i roto i ngā mōrearea katoa, nō reira ka taea te hoko atu i ētahi atu mōrearea mēnā ka tukuna ki ngā rohe kua pakaru i te pakanga, ki ngā whenua rānei e pai ana ki ngā patu, pērā i a Īnia me Amerika ki te Tonga.
Ko te utu inihua = te utu CIF ×110% mō ngā taonga kaweake. Ko te reiti o ngā mōrearea katoa mō te tuku kaipuke ki tāwāhi he 8/10000 ki te 3/1000. Mō te nuinga o ngā kaituku kaipuke, tera pea he rau tāra. Kaua e whakatakoto i tētahi mōrearea nui hei penapena i tēnei moni.
Nā wai rā e utu mō te inihua? Kei te tikanga hokohoko e whakamahia ana e koe.
He puka māmā, he ngāwari hoki hei kohi:
Anei tētahi whakamārama mō ngā whakaritenga CIF e whakamahia whānuitia ana:
CIF
Te Utu, te Inihuarangi me te Uta, Ka whakahaere te kaihoko i te inihuarangi uta mō te kaihoko, ā, ka utua e ia te utu inihua. Mena kāore te kaihoko me te kaihoko e whakaae ki ngā mōrearea motuhake, me whiwhi noa te kaihoko i te inihuarangi iti rawa. Mena ka tono te kaihoko i tētahi atu inihuarangi pakanga, me inihua e te kaihoko te inihuarangi i runga i te utu a te kaihoko.
Ko te CIF tētahi o ngā kupu hokohoko e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Ki te mahi koe i te CIF, engari kāore koe e hoko inihua me te koretake, ka taea e koe te whakaae noa, me utu e koe te toharite whānui, ā, ka tūpono pea koe ki ngā kereme mai i ngā manuhiri. He aha ai? Ki te hoko inihua koe, kāore koe i hoko, e te tangata apo iti iti?
He āhuatanga anō hoki hei aro atu, he tino pahekeheke ētahi manuhiri, he mārama kei te kōrero mai rātou ki a koe mō te FOB, engari e hiahia ana rātou kia hanga e koe he CIF, hei tauira, me kimi e koe he kaikawe ki te tuku ki tō rātou tauranga, engari ko te utu utanga anake i utua e te manuhiri, kāore i hoatu he inihua ki a koe. I tēnei wā, ki te whakaaro koe kei te kōrero koe mō te utu FOB, kāore he pānga o te inihua ki a koe, kāore koe e hoko inihua, engari ko te mea tūturu kei a koe tonu. Tirohia, koinei te manuhiri i roto i te whakawhiti mōrearea! Ki te tono mai te manuhiri, ka tono koe ki a ia mō te utanga me te inihua.
CIP
Te Kawe me te Inihuarangatia i utua ki
Ka tukuna e te kaihoko ngā taonga ki te kaikawe kua tohua, ā, i taua wā me utu e te kaihoko te utu utanga ki te ūnga, me te inihua i te kaihoko mō te mōrearea o te ngaronga, te kino rānei o ngā taonga i te wā e tukuna ana. Arā, ko te kaihoko te kawenga mō ngā mōrearea katoa me ngā utu tāpiri i muri i te tukunga e te kaihoko.
FOB
I raro i ngā tikanga FOB (Koreutu i runga i te kaipuke) me CFR (Utu me te Utu Utu) rānei, me whakarite kia inihua e te kaihoko (kia hipokina e ngā Kaihoko), ā, me whakamōhio e te kaihoko te kaihoko i ngā mōhiohio utanga ina whakaritea te uta, ā, me whakatau te kaihoko mēnā ka hokona e ia te inihua i runga i tana ake whakaaro, kia kore ai e puta he tautohetohe i muri mai.
I kōrero mai tētahi kaihokohoko o tāwāhi ki a mātou mō te mahi whakakatakata a tana kiritaki: ko te utu e ahu mai ana i te FOB, engari ka utua e ia te utu kaipuke me te utu tahi ki te kaihoko, ā, me whakaatu katoa te CIF e te tuhinga. I whakaaro te kaihoko kāore he mate i runga i te oati, ā, i pōti ia i ētahi wā, ināianei kua tino whakakahoretia. Ina hoki, me whakakahore tēnei mahi, ki te kore ka riro i te kaihoko te mōrearea.
Ā, ki te mahi FOB ia, engari kāore i utua te utu whakamutunga, ahakoa ka hoko inihua te kaihoko, tera pea ka noho tahi ia me te kaihoko ki te pikau i te mate.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-18-2020