Malinga ndi zofunikira za European Commodity Safety Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 yatsopano, kuyambira pa 16 Julayi 2021), zambiri za CE zili mu EU (kupatula US) kuyambira 2021 (nthawi yakomweko). Kupempha katundu wokhala ndi logo ya CE kuti alembedwe zambiri zolumikizirana ndi "Odai", pambuyo pa Julayi 16, malondawo ali ndi logo ya CE, koma sangathe kupereka "Odai", adzaweruzidwa kuti ndi khalidwe losaloledwa. Kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi malangizo atsopano kudzakhudza kwambiri mabizinesi otumiza kunja akunja. Nkhaniyi ikutanthauzira zomwe zili mu malamulo ndi malangizo atsopano kuti zipereke tanthauzo kwa mabizinesi otumiza kunja. Malo oimikapo sitima yapamadzi，Cholumikizira cha SCSI ndi mawaya a jumper ziyenera kudziwika.
Kodi "woyendetsa zachuma" ndi chiyani?
A: ikuchita malonda odutsa malire, ndi opanga ndi ogulitsa ku China, pomwe ogula ali ku European Union. Oyang'anira msika wa EU omwe amafufuza chitetezo cha zinthu ali ku EU monga ogula. Pazifukwa zomveka, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo pa mabizinesi a EU okha. Ngati kutumiza kuchokera ku China kupita ku EU kwalakwika, sangathe kulumikizana ndi opanga aku China. Chifukwa chake, lamulo latsopano la EU lolamulira msika wa EU EU2019/1020 limafuna kuti kuyambira pa 16 Julayi 2021, ngati zinthu zikufuna kugulitsidwa pamsika wa EU, mabizinesi akunja kwa EU ayenera kukhala ndi woimira ku EU, woyendetsa zachuma, pankhani zokhudzana ndi malamulo amsika.
Kodi ogwira ntchito zachuma ayenera kukhalapodi mu European Union?
Yankho: inde. Ponena za katundu wogula, malamulo a EU omwe alipo pano amafotokoza kuti ogwira ntchito zachuma ku EU ndi mabungwe amalonda monga opanga, otumiza kunja kapena ogulitsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti palibe ogwira ntchito zachuma ku EU omwe ali ndi udindo mwalamulo kwa ogula ku EU, ngati malondawo agulitsidwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku mabizinesi aku China kupita kwa ogula ku EU.
Malamulo atsopanowa asintha momwe zinthu zilili, ndipo kuyambira pa 16 Julayi 2021, payenera kukhala munthu woyendetsa zachuma yemwe alipodi mu European Union. Munthu woyendetsa zachuma ayenera kukhala ndi maofesi mkati mwa umembala wa EU, sayenera kukhala nzika wamba, ndipo munthu woyendetsa zachuma ayenera kukhala munthu wovomerezeka, makamaka bizinesi. Malamulo a EU ali m'magulu azinthu zomwe zimafuna anthu ogwira ntchito zachuma, ndipo mwachidule, zofunikira izi zidzagwira ntchito pogulitsa zinthu zambiri zodziwika bwino.
Ndani kwenikweni angatenge udindo wa woyendetsa zachuma mu European Union kwa ogulitsa aku China?
A: Ogwira ntchito zachuma ku EU akhoza kukhala otumiza zinthu ku EU omwe nthawi zambiri amagulitsa zinthu kwa ogula a EU omwe angatumize katundu kuchokera ku China kapena kumayiko ena. Ogwira ntchito zachuma ku EU akhozanso kukhala malo osungiramo katundu akunja, momwe makasitomala a EU amagula zinthu kuchokera kumawebusayiti ndipo ogulitsa amatumiza zinthuzo kwa ogula a EU, osati kudzera mwa otumiza zinthu ku EU. Opanga aku China amathanso kupatsa "oyimira ovomerezeka" omwe ali ku EU kuti achitepo kanthu m'malo mwawo.
Kodi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakunja ndi chiyani?
A: Ndi bungwe lamalonda lomwe limayang'anira kusungira, kulongedza, kudzaza ndi kugawa zinthu kwa opanga kapena amalonda. Nyumba yosungiramo katundu yakunja siili ndi zinthu, ndi yosiyana ndi yotumiza zinthu zake.
Popeza palibe malo osungiramo zinthu akunja, ogula a EU akamayitanitsa zinthu kuchokera kwa opanga aku China, amalonda amatenga nthawi yayitali ngati zinthu zawo zikuchokera kutali ndi China nthawi zonse.
Pankhani ya nyumba zosungiramo katundu zakunja, zipinda zambiri zamalonda zimanyamula zinthu zambiri kupita nazo ku nyumba zosungiramo katundu zakunja kwa EU. Ogula akagula zinthu, kutumiza zinthu zoyenera kumatha kutumizidwa kuchokera ku nyumba zosungiramo katundu zakunja kwa EU ndikuperekedwa kwa ogula pakapita nthawi yochepa, ndipo misika yambiri yapaintaneti imagwiritsa ntchito njira yogawayi.
Kodi zofunikira za woimira wovomerezeka ndi ziti?
Malamulo a EU a A: amakhazikitsa zofunikira zokhwima pa oimira ovomerezeka komanso amawakakamiza kuti achite zinthu zambiri. Choyamba, wopanga ayenera kuvomereza woimira wake kudzera mu chilolezo cholembedwa chosainidwa ndi onse awiri, ndipo ngati akuluakulu a EU alankhulana ndi woimira wovomerezeka, ayenera kulola munthu wovomerezekayo kulankhula m'malo mwa wopanga. Wopanga yekha ndi amene angapereke chilolezo chotere kwa woimira wovomerezeka popanda wogulitsa. Malamulo a EU amafunanso kuti Mayiko a EU apange malamulo olanga anthu osatsatira malamulo awo oyenera, kotero kuti zinthu zikavuta, oimira ovomerezeka ayenera kupirira zotsatira zake zonse zalamulo.
Nchifukwa chiyani EU ili ndi nkhawa kwambiri ndi zofunikira kuti pakhale woyendetsa zachuma woyimira opanga?
Chifukwa chachikulu cha A: ndi chakuti woyendetsa zachuma uyu ndi bungwe lomwe lingathe kuimbidwa mlandu mwalamulo komanso pazachuma ndi akuluakulu a EU. Ayenera kukhalapo payekha, ndipo akhoza kukhala woyamba kulankhulana naye. Ngati chinthucho chikuwoneka kuti sichili bwino kapena chikugwirizana mokwanira ndi zofunikira za malamulo, ayenera kunyamula zotsatira za kuvulala ndi kuwonongeka konse.
Kodi malamulo a EU amaika maudindo otani kwa ogwira ntchito zachuma omwe akuyimira opanga?
A: Malamulo a EU amafotokoza momveka bwino ntchito zinayi za ogwira ntchito zachuma. Choyamba, wogwira ntchito zachuma ayenera kutsimikizira kuti chikalata chotsata malamulo ndi zikalata zaukadaulo zalembedwa, ndipo ziyenera kusungidwa kwa zaka zosachepera 10. Chachiwiri, mkati mwa zaka 10 izi, ngati oyang'anira msika wa EU apempha, ogwira ntchito zachuma ayenera kupereka izi kwa mabungwe oyenerera mkati mwa masiku osakwana 10. Chachitatu, ngati wogwira ntchito zachuma akukhulupirira kuti malondawo ndi osatetezeka, ayenera kulumikizana mwachangu ndi oyang'anira msika. Chachinayi, ogwira ntchito zachuma ayenera kugwirizana ndi oyang'anira msika kapena kuchitapo kanthu kuti achotse zinthu zosatetezeka kapena kuchepetsa chiopsezo chomwe chimabwera chifukwa cha zinthu zosatetezeka pamsika.
Nanga bwanji ngati palibe kampani yoyendetsa zachuma ku EU ndipo ine ndikuyesetsabe kugulitsa zinthu zanga ku EU?
Mu A:, izi sizikugwirizana ndi zofunikira zatsopano zalamulo. Ndikoletsedwa kugulitsa zinthu mwachindunji kwa ogula payekhapayekha ku EU popanda kukhala m'malo mwa woyendetsa bizinesi yanu yazachuma.
Cholinga chokhazikitsa ogwira ntchito zachuma?
A: ogwira ntchito zachuma akudzaza mipata yolowera mu malonda odutsa malire ndikupanga malo abwino kwa mabizinesi onse omwe akufuna kuchita bizinesi ndi ogula a EU, kulikonse komwe malondawo akuchokera.
Kasitomu akukumbutsa makampani oyenerera
EU yapereka malangizo 25 aukadaulo (lililonse la gulu lazinthu zinazake) omwe amalumikiza zinthu zonse za EU ndi chizindikiro cha CE kupatula zida zachipatala, zophulika za anthu wamba ndi zida zina zokwezera ndi zolumikizira. Monga zoseweretsa, zamagetsi, zida zodzitetezera, makina, katundu womanga, zida zamagesi, maboti osangalatsa komanso achinsinsi, zombo zopondereza, ndi zida zoyezera. Makampani oyenerera ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kukula kwa malonda ndikuwunika kukula kwa malonda komwe kukugwirizana ndi chizindikiro cha CE mu:
https://ec.europa.eu/growth/single-market/ce-marking/manufacturers_en.
Zinthu zambiri zomwe zili ndi chizindikiro cha CE kuyambira pa 16 Julayi 2021 zitha kusungidwa kapena kubwezedwa ndi makasitomala; katundu yemwe adalowa kale mu EU adzasungidwa ndikuwonongedwa chifukwa palibe chidziwitso cha mutu wa EU; katundu yemwe ali kale pamsika ali pachiwopsezo chodandaula.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-15-2021