Umhloli
Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva ekhishwe yi-Ministry of Commerce and Industry ngoMeyi 14, ukungeniswa kwezimpahla eNdiya kukhuphuke ngo-53.7% ngonyaka uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka ngoMashi; futhi kufinyelele ku-167% omangalisayo ngo-Ephreli! izinhlobo zezixhumi zikagesi, i-pin header futhi izibonisi zendlela yokungena kufanele kuqashelwe.
Eqinisweni, ngo-2020, iShayina iphinde yaba ngumlingani omkhulu wezohwebo eNdiya. Ngokwezibalo ezivela kuMnyango Wezohwebo Nezimboni, ukuhwebelana okuphelele phakathi kwamazwe amabili neShayina kufinyelele ku-$77.7 billion ngo-2020, yize kungaphansi kuka-$85.47 billion ngo-2019, iShayina yadlula i-United States njengomlingani wayo wokuqala wezohwebo waseNdiya.
Ithintwe yilolu bhubhane, ukungeniswa kwe-India kwehla kakhulu ngo-2020, noma cishe ngo-40%, kodwa i-India ingenise izimpahla ezingama-$58.7 billion ezivela eShayina, okubekwe endaweni yokuqala, kanye ne-United States kanye ne-United Arab Emirates iyonke.
IBloomberg ithe "iNew Delhi ithembele kakhulu emishinini engeniswa kwamanye amazwe kunemizamo yayo yokunciphisa ukuhwebelana neChina," . I-India ithembele kakhulu emishinini esindayo, imishini yokuxhumana kanye nezinto zikagesi zasekhaya.
"Ukuthembela okuqhubekayo ezintweni ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe zaseShayina kungenxa yokuntuleka kokunikezwa kwempahla yasekhaya," kusho u-Amitten Dupalit, isazi sezomnotho eNational University of Singapore. "Izimpahla ezingeniswa eShayina zishibhile futhi zanele ukutholakala ngokushesha. Izimpahla ezingeniswa kwezinye izindawo azibizi kakhulu futhi azilula njengaseShayina."
Ngo-Ephreli, isidingo sabakhiqizi be-oxygen, ama-ventilator kanye nezinye izinsiza zokuvimbela ubhubhane sanda ngemuva kokuqhuma kwegagasi lesibili laseNdiya. Ngokusho kwedatha ekhishwe yi-Ministry of Foreign Affairs yaseShayina, ngo-Ephreli, iShayina yathumela ama-ventilator angaphezu kuka-26,000 kanye nemishini ye-oxygen eNdiya, ama-monitor angaphezu kuka-15,000, kanye nezinto zokwelapha kanye nemithi ecishe ibe ngamathani angu-3,800. Izinkampani zaseShayina ezifanele zithole ama-oda emishini ye-oxygen yaseNdiya angaphezu kuka-70,000.
Inxusa laseShayina eNdiya uSun Weidong uthumele okuthunyelwe ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ngomhlaka-2 Meyi, ekhuluma ngomsebenzi wesikhathi esengeziwe wabenzi bemishini ye-oxygen baseShayina ngesikhathi samaholide oSuku LukaMeyi.
Ngokusho kwe-Made-in-China.com, ukuvakasha okuvela eNdiya kuye kwanda kusukela ngoMashi, kwafinyelela ku-21.4% ngonyaka kanye no-16.3%; imibuzo ikhuphuke ngo-15.8% ngonyaka kanye no-9.3% phakathi nenkathi efanayo.
Phakathi kwazo,
Ukukhula kwemikhiqizo yezempilo nemithi masonto onke kube ngu-91% ngo-4 - Meyi,
Umshini we-oxygen (i-Oxygen Generator) waze waqhuma ngo-1114%;
Ukukhula kwe-Oxygen Concentrator kulandelwe ku-837%;
Imishini yokwelapha ngokomzimba kanye nokuvuselela (Imishini Yokwelapha Ngomzimba) nayo ifinyelele ekwenyukeni okungu-320%.
Ama-Prebia
Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi abakhiqizi baseShayina besebenza isikhathi esengeziwe ukwenza ama-oda aseNdiya, eminye imibono yezokuxhumana iyavuvukala —— I-"India Today" isanda kukhipha "ukwenyuka kwentengo," iShayina, ifaka ama-invoyisi, izithombe kanye nokunye okubizwa ngokuthi "ubufakazi", futhi icaphuna abathengi abangaziwa, "imithombo", ithi "iShayina (inkampani) ngodaba lokuphila nokufa empilweni yabantu baseNdiya".
Umbiko ucaphune izinkampani zaseShayina "ezinciphisa intengo," njengohlobo lwabakhiqizi be-oxygen, olubize u-$340 lilinye ngo-Ephreli 30, kodwa amanani asevele enyuke afinyelela ku-$460 ngoMeyi 12. Futhi iqiniso liwukuthi amabhizinisi asebenza embonini yemishini ye-oxygen manje abhekene nezindleko ezikhuphukayo, futhi amafektri awanalutho angalwenza.
Umshini wokwenza umoya-mpilo ongu-5L embonini manje ubiza cishe ama-yuan angu-3,000, kodwa amanye amakhasimende aseNdiya abiza kakhulu. Amanye amakhasimende aseNdiya aze akholelwa ukuthi izinkampani zaseShayina zizokhuphula amanani ngamabomu uma isidingo saseNdiya sikhuphuka, ngakho-ke baxoxisana ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Intengo yomshini wokwenza umoya-mpilo emakethe yaseNdiya ibekwe "emakhulwini ezinkulungwane noma ngisho namakhulu ezinkulungwane zama-rupee". Kodwa "abaxhumanisi" abenza umehluko abanjalo njengoba amaNdiya ecabanga.
Ngokusho kombiko wamaphoyisa aseDelhi, babophe abaphathi ababili kanye nabasebenzi abathathu be-Indian Matrix ngamacala okukhwabanisa kanye nokwephula uMthetho we-Epidemic kanye noMthetho we-Fundamental Commodity. Le nkampani izothengisela iziguli ze-COVID - 19 imishini ye-oxygen engaphezu kuka-7,000 ethengwe eShayina nakwezinye izindawo ngamanani aphezulu, kusho amaphoyisa.
Ingozi
Abathengi baseNdiya baziwa ngokuba nzima, kodwa ukuhwebelana okukhulu neNdiya ukuthi umthetho waseNdiya uvumela abangenisi ukuthi bangakhokhi; ukubuyiselwa kwemali akunakwenzeka eNdiya. Ngakho-ke umphumela omubi kakhulu othunyelwa eNdiya ungaba —— indali ye-hysteresis ngemali engenalutho.
"Ukungakhokhi" kwaseNdiya kusemthethweni ngokomthetho, njengoba isisho sesiCantonese sithi —— izimpahla zafela phansi. Ngokomthetho ngokomthetho:
IGM (isimemezelo se-cargo manifest siyadingeka ezinsukwini ezi-3 kusengaphambili) futhi uma ikhodi yokungenisa (inombolo ye-IEC) isibonisiwe, umngenisi; noma umnikazi, noma inkampani yokuthumela impahla ayikwazi ukulawula impahla, ngaphansi kwe-FOB noma i-CIF, noma ngabe "KU-ODERA KOMSHIPPER" (i-bill of lading eqondisiwe), kungaba emuva noma cha, kungaba yi-L/C, D/P noma i-T/T, umngenisi waseNdiya, bese ulinda indali yamasiko. Endalini yamasiko, umnikazi we-bill of lading uzokwaziswa kuqala, ngoba i-bill of lading ungowomzuzi wokuqala endaweni!
Ezinye izivakashi zaseNdiya ezingathembekile zizosebenzisa lokhu ukuze zilahle imvume yamasiko iphezulu kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, yize amanye ama-oda esigaba emakethe yaseNdiya eshisa njengamanje, abathumeli baseShayina kusadingeka banake izingozi eziningi zokuthumela eNdiya.
Ukususa ingozi. Ubhubhane eNdiya luyaqhubeka nokuwohloka, okuholela emazingeni ahlukahlukene okuvinjelwa kanye nezinye izimboni zamachweba kanye nezokuthutha, kanti inqubo yokususa ingase ivinjwe.
Ingozi yesilinganiso sokushintshaniswa kwemali. I-rupee yaseNdiya ikhuphuke kancane uma iqhathaniswa nedola kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuMashi, kodwa yaba yimali esebenza kabi kakhulu emhlabeni ngo-Ephreli, yehla cishe ngo-4% uma iqhathaniswa nedola. Lapho imali yezwe yehla ngokuzumayo nangokubukhali, izoba wusizo ekuthumeleni nasekungeniseni imali kwamanye amazwe, futhi izindleko zokungenisa impahla zizokhuphuka.
Ingozi yokusinda kwamabhizinisi. Izinkampani zaseNdiya ezingaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-50 ezibuziwe zithi imali engenayo yazo yehle ngamaphesenti angama-20 - 50 kuze kube manje, ngokusho kocwaningo. Uma ibhizinisi lincane, umthelela uba mubi kakhulu. Ngokusho kwe-S & P, isilinganiso semali mboleko engenzi kahle ohlelweni lwamabhange aseNdiya sizoba ngu-12%, izwe elibi kakhulu emhlabeni. Futhi lelo nani lingaqhubeka nokukhula njengoba ukuqubuka kwanda.
Ingozi engokomzwelo. Kungabonakala futhi esihlokweni esingenhla ukuthi isimo sengqondo sabantu baseNdiya ngeShayina "sicashile". Ngemuva kwegagasi lokuqala lokuqubuka kwalesi sifo eNdiya ngonyaka odlule, abantu bagqugquzelwe ukuthi "bamelane" noMade in China. Lapho ukuqubuka kanye nokwehla komnotho kuqhubeka, kulapho isidingo sokuba iNdiya ishintshe khona ukugxila kwezingxabano zasekhaya sikhula khona.
Izimo ezimbi kakhulu. Muva nje, umuntu ohweba kwamanye amazwe ungitshele ukuthi wonke amakhasimende ami aseNdiya (asakazeke emadolobheni ahlukene) atheleleke nge-COVID-19. Abathengisi abaningi bakhathazekile nangokuthi uma kwenzeka izimo ezimbi kakhulu "izimpahla zifikile, abantu balahlekile", noma izaba zomthengi zokugula nokulahleka, futhi benqaba ukukhokha imali yokugcina.
Umphumela we-Butterfly. Ithonywe yi-COVID-19, imboni yemikhumbi iwele enkingeni embi kakhulu yokushintsha koshintsho lwabagibeli basolwandle ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II. I-India ingenye yemithombo eyinhloko yabagibeli basolwandle, futhi kwabagibeli basolwandle abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-200.7 emhlabeni wonke bavela eNdiya. Ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo eNdiya kuye kwandisa ukushoda kwabagibeli basolwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amazwe nezifunda abeke imithetho eqinile yokuvimbela ubhubhane emikhunjini nakubasebenzi abathintekayo emizileni yemikhumbi yaseNdiya, okushiya izinkampani eziningi zemikhumbi zicindezelekile ukuba zilungise abagibeli basolwandle. UMark O'Neil, umongameli we-International Association of Ship Managers, uphinde waxwayisa ngokuthi umthelela wokuvinjelwa kwe-March Suez Canal ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa komhlaba wonke ungabonakala "njengongabalulekile" uma kuqhathaniswa nenkinga yokushintsha koshintsho lwabagibeli basolwandle.
Le makethe, ihlala iyindawo "eyingozi" kanye "nomshini" ohlala kuyo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-25-2021