Kuva muri Kamena bitangiye, icyerekezo cyo kugabanuka kw'agaciro ka RMB kiragaragara, kandi ihindagurika ryaragabanutse cyane. Ni amahirwe menshi kuri Ibyuma bya PCB Screw Terminal Block, imiyoboro y'ipine n'iy'isokona electroform ya reflectorumurima.
Byongeye kandi, mu bijyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'amadovize, amakuru y'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n'ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa muri Gicurasi yari make ugereranyije n'uko byari byitezwe, izamuka ry'ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa byatumye ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bizamuka cyane uko umwaka utashye, kandi ukwiyongera kw'amafaranga y'ivunjisha mu mahanga ku isoko n'ibikenewe by'ivunjisha ndetse n'igipimo cy'ivunjisha cya RMB nabyo bigenda byigaragaza buhoro buhoro.
Muri icyo gihe, isoko riherutse kugura amadovize rirushaho kugira ishyaka. Ubusanzwe kuva muri Kamena kugeza muri Nyakanga, abashoramari b'abanyamahanga n'amasosiyete yanditswe mu mahanga bazajya mu cyiciro cy'inyungu ku isoko ry'inyungu. Muri iki gihe, icyifuzo cyo kugura amadovize nacyo gitera igitutu ku igabanuka ry'agaciro ka RMB.
Ukurikije ibidukikije byo hanze, igipimo cy’ibiciro by’abaguzi muri Amerika (CPI) muri Gicurasi cyongereyeho 5% ugereranyije n’umwaka mu myaka 13 ishize, bitera impungenge ku bijyanye no gukaza politiki y’ifaranga rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, igipimo cy’idolari kiri hejuru, na yuan ishobora kuba iri munsi y’igitutu.
Ihindagurika ry’amafaranga ku isoko ry’ivunjisha ry’igihe gito rizahura n’ingaruka zikomeye. Mu gihe bategereje icyiciro gikurikira, abasesenguzi benshi biteze ko igipimo cy’ivunjisha cya RMB kitoroshye kuva mu cyerekezo cyo kuzamuka kw’agaciro k’ivunjisha ry’imigabane ku ruhande rumwe. Kubera ko "idirishya" ryo koroshya imari ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ryegereje, hari ibintu byinshi byakomeje kwiyongera ku idorari buhoro buhoro, kandi igipimo cy’ivunjisha cya RMB gishobora kuzagabanuka mu gice cya kabiri cy’umwaka.
01 Itandukaniro ryitezwe ku isoko ku gipimo cy'ivunjisha rya RMB
Kuva uyu mwaka watangira, igipimo cy’ivunjisha rya RMB ugereranyije n’idolari rya Amerika cyakomeje guhinduka mu buryo bubiri kandi muri rusange gihamye, ariko izamuka ry’ivunjisha ryakomeje kugaragara muri Mata na Gicurasi, ryakuruye abantu benshi. Mu mpera za Gicurasi, RMB yaba iyo mu nyanja n’iyo mu mahanga yazamutse igera kuri yuan 6.35, hafi imyaka itatu iri hejuru. Mu by’ibanze by’ubukungu, nta mpinduka nyinshi zigaragara, hari izamuka ryihuta ry’igipimo cy’ivunjisha rya RMB rifite ibyago bimwe na bimwe byo kuvugurura cyane.
Kugira ngo ibi bigerweho, inzego zishinzwe kugenzura zashimangiye ko "ihindagurika ry'impande zombi ari ibisanzwe", "zigahashya byimazeyo ubwoko bwose bw'uburiganya bw'isoko n'ikorwa ry'ibintu byifuzwa ku ruhande rumwe", "ntimugashyireho igiciro ku izamuka cyangwa igabanuka ry'agaciro k'ivunjisha rya RMB, gukina urusimbi bizahomba igihe kirekire", kandi zashyizeho ingamba zimwe na zimwe zo kugarura no kuyobora ibyo isoko ryitezeho.
Abitabiriye isoko bagaragaje ko inama z'ingenzi ziherutse n'inzego zishinzwe kugenzura zagize icyo zivuga ku kibazo cy'ivunjisha inshuro nyinshi, kandi zazamuye igipimo cy'ubwizigame bw'amafaranga abitswa mu bigo by'imari n'ibindi bimenyetso byo guhindura politiki y'ihindagurika ry'ivunjisha rya RMB, kandi ibyo isoko ryiteze ku gipimo cy'ivunjisha rya RMB nabyo biratandukanye.
Tang Jianwei, umushakashatsi mukuru mu Kigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku by’Imari cya Banki y’Itumanaho, yavuze ko inzego zishinzwe ivunjisha ry’amahanga mu gihugu zavuye mu bikorwa bisanzwe byo ku isoko ry’ivunjisha, ariko ko zizakomeza kuyobora ibyo isoko ryitezweho binyuze mu buryo bumwe na bumwe bwo guteza imbere imiterere y’ivunjisha rya RMB mu buryo bubiri.
Igipimo cy'idolari ntikizagabanuka mu gihe kirekire
Inkunga ikomeye y’imari ishobora kwihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu bwa Amerika, bityo idolari rikarushaho gukomera. Vuba aha, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ziri gutegura no gushyira imbaraga mu gushyiraho gahunda nshya y’inkunga y’imari yo gutangiza gahunda y’inkunga y’imari ya tiriyari 6 z’amadolari.
Nubwo "bizaba bizagira ibibazo byinshi mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda yo gutera inkunga imari, icyizere cy'ejo hazaza h'ubukungu bwa Amerika n'ingaruka zifatika z'ingamba zimwe na zimwe bishobora kuba kimwe mu bituma idolari rya Amerika rikomeza kwiyongera rimwe na rimwe, kandi igipimo cy'ivunjisha cya RMB kiragoye kuva mu muco wa Pingchuan," nk'uko byatangajwe n'umuyobozi w'ishoramari rya Zhixin akaba na perezida w'ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi Lian Ping.
Byongeye kandi, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'ibindi bihugu byateye imbere byitezwe ko bizagera ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri mu gihembwe cya gatatu, kandi PMI mu Burayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yageze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu gihe cya vuba, bigaragaza ko imbaraga zo kuzamuka mu bukungu zikomeje kwiyongera cyane, kandi inyungu z'ibanze mu bukungu bw'Ubushinwa zizagabanuka.
Lian Ping yavuze ko muri iki gihe n'iki gihe kizaza, ubukungu bwa Amerika bushobora kurenza akarere ka euro mu buryo bwinshi, kandi igipimo cy'idolari gishobora kwiyongera rimwe na rimwe. Kandi ibyago bya politiki ku isi nabyo bizagabanya ukwiyongera kw'ikiguzi cy'idolari.
Tang Jianwei yanashimangiye ko kugabanuka kw'"icyuho cy'iterambere" ry'ubukungu bwa Amerika mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka nabyo bizaba ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kugabanuka kw'agaciro k'ivunjisha rya RMB.
Yavuze ko ubukungu bwa Amerika bushobora kongera gukomera kw'idolari mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka. Byongeye kandi, uyu mwaka, ubukungu bw'Ubushinwa buzagaragaza icyerekezo cy' "hejuru n'inyuma", mu gihe Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'isi bishobora kuba "biciriritse". Kugabanuka kw' "itandukaniro ry'iterambere" ry'ubukungu bwa Amerika mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka bizashyira igitutu ku gipimo cy'ivunjisha rya RMB. Nubwo igipimo cy'ivunjisha rya RMB cyakomeje kuzamuka vuba aha, ntabwo kizava mu cyerekezo cyo kuzamuka ku ruhande rumwe, ariko igitutu kiri hejuru.
Ibintu byo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo nabyo bizaba inkunga y'ingenzi mu kuzamura ifaranga rikomeye. Zhang Yu, umusesenguzi mukuru wa Huachuang Securities, yizera ko iki cyiciro cyo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo ari cyiza kurusha Uburayi. Nubwo ibintu by'igihe gito nko gukingira vuba mu Burayi byagabanyije ifaranga mu mezi abiri ashize, ntibishobora kubuza ifaranga kongera kugaruka mu gihe giciriritse n'igihe kirekire, kandi RMB ishobora kuba iri hafi y'aho agaciro kayo kagabanutse.
Guhuza politiki y’ifaranga y’Ubushinwa na Amerika bishobora gushyira igitutu ku gipimo cy’ivunjisha rya RMB. "Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika nizimara kuzamura igipimo cy’inyungu, birashoboka ko Ubushinwa butazakurikirana vuba, kandi ikwirakwira ry’inyungu hagati y’Ubushinwa na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika rizarushaho kugabanuka, cyangwa se rishobora no kugira ikwirakwira ry’ifaranga ryihariye, rizatuma idolari rikomera." "" Lian Ping yagize ati.
Igipimo cy'ivunjisha cya RMB cyo mu 2003 kigiye guhura n'igitutu cyo kugabanuka kw'agaciro mu mwaka
Muri gahunda y’ivunjisha ry’amafaranga iriho ubu, igipimo cy’ivunjisha rya RMB cyitezweho gukomeza guhinduka mu buryo bubiri. Pan Gongsheng, umuyobozi w’ikigo gishinzwe ivunjisha ry’amafaranga y’amahanga cya Leta, yavugiye mu ihuriro rya Lujiazui ko hari ibintu byinshi bidasobanutse neza n’ibintu bidasobanutse mu bidukikije byo hanze bigira ingaruka ku mihindagurikire y’ivunjisha ry’amafaranga. Imicungire y’ibyago by’ivunjisha ry’amafaranga y’ibigo igomba kwirinda imyitwarire "ishingiye ku mihindagurikire" no "kwambara ubusa", ntugashyire hejuru agaciro ka RMB, gukina urusimbi bizahomba igihe kirekire.
Benshi mu bitabiriye isoko bemeza ko mu gice cya kabiri cy'uyu mwaka, igitutu cyo kugabanuka kw'ivunjisha rya RMB kiri hejuru. Mu rwego rwo gukomeza imicungire y'amafaranga y'ivunjisha mu bigo by'imari, Banki y'Abaturage y'Ubushinwa yongereye igipimo cy'amafaranga y'ivunjisha ku mafaranga y'amahanga kuva ku ya 15 Kamena, ibi bizahagarika amafaranga y'ivunjisha agera kuri miliyari 20 z'amadolari kandi binafashe gukaza amafaranga y'ivunjisha ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu.
Muri icyo gihe, nk'uko byagaragajwe n'uburambe bw'imyaka yashize, kuva muri Kamena kugeza muri Kanama ni igihe cyo kuzamuka kw'ivunjisha ry'amafaranga y'amahanga ku bigo by'Abashinwa byashyizwe ku rutonde rw'imigabane mu mahanga, kandi biteganijwe ko uyu mwaka ushobora kuba uri hejuru ya miliyari 70 z'amadolari, ibi bikaba bizaba ikintu cy'ingenzi mu guteza imbere igabanuka ry'agaciro ka RMB mu gihe cya vuba aha.
"Nubwo ubuyobozi bw'ivunjisha ry'Ubushinwa bureka kwivanga mu buryo busanzwe ku isoko ry'ivunjisha, buzakomeza kuyobora ibyo isoko ryitezwe binyuze mu buryo bumwe na bumwe bwo guteza imbere imiterere y'ivunjisha rya RMB mu buryo bubiri." "" Tang Jianwei yagize ati.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-17-2021