Ukuminyana okukhulu echwebeni kuphambukise izinkampani zokuthutha imikhumbi kwamanye amachweba, futhi izinkampani eziningana zokuthutha imikhumbi zimemezele ukuthi izinsizakalo ezintsha ze-trans-Pacific azisatholakali eLos Angeles-Long Beach. Ibhulokhi yesixhumi setheminali, isixhumi esincane segobolondo eliyindilinga futhi izibonisi zamaloli kufanele kuqashelwe.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kokuminyana komugqa wase-United States, kuze kube manje akukaze kumbiwe, kodwa kukhona umkhuba okhulayo, futhi ngesizini entsha yokubhida yenkontileka yonyaka e-United States, amazinga okuthunyelwa kwamakhonteyina akhuphukile futhi.
Nakuba isidingo esikhulu sokungenisa impahla esiqhubeka nokwenyuka emakethe yase-US siyaqhubeka nokuvimba amachweba abalulekile njengeLos Angeles neLong Beach, kanti inqwaba yemikhumbi echwebeni izothatha okungenani inyanga ukuthi iphele. Kodwa imithwalo kanye nokuminyana kwempahla kuyanda futhi inzuzo inkulu.
Kubikwa ukuthi, izimpahla eziyi-15 ezihamba phambili e-Asia ezithunyelwa e-US ziyaqhubeka nokubuswa yizinhlangano ezinkulu zokuthumela izimpahla, kodwa izinkampani ezincane ezizimele nazo zathola isabelo esithile semakethe. Ngo-2020, i-TEU eyizigidi eziyi-16.56, engeniswe yi-United States ivela e-Asia ngo-4.1% ngaphezu kuka-2019, Izinkampani ezinhlanu ezihamba phambili zokuthumela izimpahla zaba ngu-68.10% wevolumu, Izinkampani eziyi-15 ezihamba phambili zokuthumela zaba ngu-99.7% wevolumu.
I-Zim ne-Matson ye-2 M alliance (Maersk MSC) kanye namakhasimende amancane aqondiswe kwezentengiselwano ze-inthanethi ngaphesheya kwemingcele yibo abawinile kakhulu, ngaphezu kakhulu kwesilinganiso semakethe:
Isabelo semakethe sikaMatson Mason sikhule sisuka ku-0.7% ngo-2019 saya ku-1.2% ngo-2020, ngenxa yokwanda okungu-92.6%;
Isabelo semakethe ye-Zim Estar sikhuphuke sisuka ku-3.2% saya ku-3.8%, umthamo wanda ngo-23.5%;
Umthamo wolwandle wezigidi zaseWan Hai ukhuphuke ngo-11.6%, wagcina isabelo semakethe esingu-1.0%;
Isabelo semakethe yokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla eMediterranean i-MSC sikhuphuke sisuka ku-7.6% saya ku-9.0%, okuzuzise ukukhula ngamaphesenti angama-23.6 emananini okuthunyelwa kwezimpahla e-Asia nase-United States;
Umthamo womugqa weMaersk Maersk nawo ukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-19.4, isabelo semakethe sikhuphuke sisuka kumaphesenti angu-9.4 saya kumaphesenti angu-10.8;
I-Union ilawula u-43.7% wesabelo semakethe, ibala ukuthunyelwa kwempahla okokuqala, okwesibili nokwesine ngobukhulu e-US e-Asia;
UKUTHUMELA KWE-COSCO OOCL Ukuthunyelwa kwe-COSCO phesheya kwezilwandle, ukwanda okuphelele konyaka nonyaka okungu-3.7%, idolobha labalelwa ku-16.8%;
Ukukhula konyaka nonyaka kwe-CMA CGM Dafei okungu-4.1, idolobha libalelwa ku-15.3;
Njengoba i-Evergreen Changrong ikhula unyaka nonyaka ngo-2.1, idolobha libalelwa ku-11.6.
Ngaphansi kwalolu bhubhane, abathengi baseMelika banezinketho ezilinganiselwe, ngakho-ke bagxila kakhulu ezimpahleni, hhayi ezinkonzweni.
Isidingo sabathengi sasinamandla kunalokho obekulindelwe futhi sagcina isitolo sezitolo sase-US siphansi ngo-2020. Isilinganiso sempahla esilungisiwe njenge-barometer yesidingo sokungenisa impahla silinganiselwe ku-1.17 ngonyaka odlule, uma kuqhathaniswa no-1.23 ngo-2019, kusho izibalo ezisemthethweni zase-US.
Noma kunjalo, izinkampani ezinhlanu ezihamba phambili eziyi-15 zokuthumela izimpahla e-Asia-US zabona ukwehla kwenani ngo-2020: iTaiping Shipping (PIL), iWestwood Shipping, iSM Line, iHerborot (Hapag-Lloyd) kanye ne-OceanNet (ONE).
Phakathi kokwehla okukhulu kwaba yi-PIL Taiping Shipping, okwakuyishwa ukuhoxa ngokuphelele ekuhwebeni kwe-trans-Pacific ngoMashi odlule.
Lesi simemezelo sithe imikhumbi eyisithupha yezitsha ezisebenzisa igesi yemvelo encibilikisiwe (i-LNG) engu-15000 izofakwa e-China-Los Angeles Peal River Express (PRX), umkhumbi omkhulu wezitsha zamandla ze-LNG emachwebeni ase-US.
Owokuqala kule mikhumbi emisha, ozolethwa ngo-Okthoba 2021, kulindeleke ukuthi usebenze ngokugcwele ekupheleni kuka-2022. Futhi kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi yonke imikhumbi emikhulu yeziqukathi zamandla ze-LNG ithunyelwe emizileni yase-Asia-Europe.
Ukuminyana emzileni wase-US kungase kuqhubeke kuze kube yikota yesibili, kodwa azikho izinkampani ezinkulu zokuthumela izimpahla okulindeleke ukuthi ziphume emzileni kulo nyaka ngenxa yokulahlekelwa okuvela ekuphumeni ePacific.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-08-2021