Ya zuwa yanzu dai, jigilar dakon jiragen sama ya farfado daga illar cutar.A cewar rahoton kasuwan na wata-wata na IATA, adadin kayayyakin da ake jigilar jiragen sama a watan Janairu ya ragu da kashi 19.5 cikin dari idan aka kwatanta da na shekarar 2019. (Ba a yi la'akari da bayanai ba saboda annobar a shekarar 2020).Mai haɗawa, Tubalan TashakumaBike Speke Reflectorya kamata a lura.
Adireshin Tambaya: https://www.iata.org/en/iata-repository/publications/economic-reports/air-freight-monthly-analysis---january-2021/
An ba da rahoton cewa kasuwannin jigilar kayayyaki na jiragen sama sun murmure a cikin nau'i na V tun lokacin da suka kai kasa a watan Afrilun 2020, yayin da ayyukan fasinja ke ci gaba da yin tawaya.
Bayanan da sabis ɗin bayanan CLIVE na London ya fitar, wanda yawanci yayi daidai da IATA, bai nuna ingantaccen ci gaba ba har sai Fabrairu.Ko da yake watan Fabrairu ya kai kwanaki uku kasa da watan Janairu, har yanzu yawan lodin yana da karfi sosai, tare da matsakaitan karfin shigar da jiragen sama ya kusan kai kashi 70 cikin 100 da kuma karuwar kashi 7 a kowane wata.
Farashin duk hanyoyin sufuri da matsalolin sarkar samar da kayayyaki sun nuna cewa kasuwar jigilar kayayyaki za ta yi zafi da nauyi a cikin shekara mai zuwa, ba tare da tabarbarewar bazara da lokacin bazara ba.
Kamfanoni da yawa suna jigilar kayayyaki daga yanayin teku zuwa iska saboda yawan buƙatu, cunkoson tashar jiragen ruwa, dogon lokacin jira da ƙarancin kwantena.
01 Yawancin samfuran "daga teku zuwa iska"
Bari mu ji abin da masu shigo da kaya ke cewa.
1 Manajan sufuri na masu shigo da keken Canyon Amurka ya ce:
Mafi yawan kayayyakin da kamfanin namu ke yi ana jigilar su ne ta ruwa, amma mafi shaharar kekuna na iska ne, saboda annobar cutar, bukatar mu ta yi tashin gwauron zabi.Bugu da ƙari, jigilar iska yana da sauri, muna buƙatar saduwa da bukatun abokan ciniki.
Mun kasance muna samun "fififitikar kaya" daidai a tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar ƙarin biyan kuɗi, amma yanzu ba lallai ba ne, saboda ko da a tashar jiragen ruwa na Los Angeles, har yanzu ba za mu iya samun kayan ba.
Kafin barkewar, kowane jigilar ruwa ya ɗauki kwanaki 20-30, amma yanzu yana ɗaukar kwanaki 60-70.Wannan yana da amfani da yawa a gare mu, kuma tasiri akan aikinmu yana da girma, don haka gaba daya ba zai iya jira ba, zai iya zaɓar jigilar iska kawai.
2 Secco Logistics Babban Jami'in Ci gaban Brian Bourke ya ce:
Idan kana son aika wani baho daga Shanghai zuwa New York ta teku, farashin ya kai kusan dala 1000, wanda zai dauki kwanaki 35-45, wanda bai hada da lokacin jira na jigilar teku ba.
Kuma bisa ga nauyin samfurin, jigilar kaya ta iska kusan $ 2000-3000.Amma jigilar iska yana ɗaukar kwanaki 3-4 kawai.Don haka sau biyu farashin zai iya adana makonni 4-7, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga wasu masu kaya da masu shigo da kaya.
Mataimakin shugaban 3SEKO na jiragen ruwa na duniya Shawn Richard ya ce:
Manya-manyan kayan wasanni, irin su teburan wasan tebur da injin tuƙa, yawanci ana jigilar su ta ruwa saboda matsalolin tsadar kayayyaki.Amma yanzu, saboda annobar duniya, ana bukatar mutane da yawa su zauna a gida, wanda hakan ya haifar da karuwar bukatar wadannan kayayyakin, wadanda a halin yanzu ake jigilar su ta hanyar iska.
4CH Robinson mataimakin shugaban Matt Castle ya ce:
Ban taba tunanin zan ga injin tsabtace iska ba, amma yanzu ya faru.Za mu ga ƙarin kayan da ake buƙatar jigilar su cikin sauri ana tilasta musu jigilar su ta iska maimakon zama "jiran".
Har yanzu bukatar iska tana da zafi
Babu alamar raunana bukatar sufurin jiragen sama.
Umarnin masana'antu da fitarwa na duniya sun nuna haɓaka mai ƙarfi na tsawon watanni, a cewar PMI.Matsakaicin kididdigar dillalai zuwa tallace-tallace har yanzu yana da ƙasa, kuma yawancin masu jigilar kaya sun juya zuwa jigilar jiragen sama don kula da ƙirƙira kayayyaki masu mahimmanci ko siyar da sauri.
Ƙungiyar Retail ta ƙasa ta annabta, tallace-tallacen tallace-tallace na Amurka zai haɓaka 6.5% zuwa 8.2%, Matsakaicin ci gaba a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata shine 4.5.Asusun Ba da Lamuni na Duniya yana tsammanin, tallace-tallacen dillalan Amurka zai karu da kashi 5.1% a cikin 2021, masana tattalin arziki sun ce, Babban samfurin cikin gida (GDP) zai haɓaka da kashi 4.5 zuwa 5 cikin ɗari.A cewar eMarketer da Sashen Kasuwancin Amurka, annobar ta juya kasuwancin e-commerce zuwa "jirgin gudu".Tare da karuwar dillalai na 28% a duniya, a Amurka ya karu da kashi 32.4.
Bugu da kari, masana'antu da dama sun kasance a bude a bana, saboda gwamnatin kasar Sin tana karfafa gwiwar ma'aikata su yi bikin sabuwar shekara a nan take.Sakamakon haka, jigilar jiragen ya ragu da kashi 30 cikin ɗari kawai, idan aka kwatanta da kashi 60 bisa ɗari.Misali, yawan ciniki daga kasar Sin zuwa Turai ya karu kusan sau biyar a watan Fabrairun 2021 idan aka kwatanta da na shekarar da ta gabata.
Arewacin Amurka shine jagora a manyan kasuwannin jiragen sama, tare da bukatar kasa da kasa ta karu da kashi 8.5% a watan Janairu, daga 4.4% a cikin Disamba.Yawancin ayyukan ana yin su a ko'ina cikin Pacific ko ta hanyar cibiyoyi a Gabas ta Tsakiya a wajen Asiya.Ƙarfin ƙasashen duniya a yankin ya faɗi da kashi 8.5 cikin ɗari.
Don haka a yanayin buƙatar jigilar iska mai zafi sosai, yaya game da jigilar iska?
03 Har yanzu kaya yana da yawa
Bayan sabuwar shekara ta kasar Sin, farashin jigilar jiragen sama ya sake yin tashin gwauron zabi, musamman ta Asiya.
Manazarta sun ce farashin ya yi kasa faduwa a rabin na biyu na shekara saboda kayayyakin da suka rage na manyan jiragen da ke tsakanin nahiyoyi ba su yi kasa da matakan da aka dauka kafin barkewar cutar ba, kuma karfin jigilar kayayyaki ya wuce gona da iri.
Masu sa ido kan kasuwa sun siffanta jigilar iska a matsayin mai canzawa.Annobar ta sauya rayuwar mutane da yanayin tattalin arziki.Don haka kwararrun masu kula da harkokin sufurin jiragen sama sun ce yana da wahala a yi hasashen alkiblar kasuwar.Bukatar shigo da kayayyaki da ba a saba gani ba da kuma karancin jiragen sama ya kara habaka tashin jiragen na Asiya da kashi 50% a farkon rabin watan Fabrairu.
FreightWaves SONAR da sauran alamomi sun nuna cewa kamfanoni yanzu suna yin lissafin kusan sau 2.5 farashin jigilar iska akan manyan hanyoyin idan aka kwatanta da 'yan shekarun nan.
Bugu da kari, jigilar jiragen sama ya ragu da kashi 30 cikin 100 kawai a makon farko bayan sabuwar shekara, wadda ta fara a ranar 12 ga watan Fabrairu, kusan rabin shekaru biyu na fara zirga-zirgar jiragen sama, saboda kasar Sin ba ta daina aiki a bana.Matsakaicin nauyin jirgin ya ragu da kashi 1% kawai, idan aka kwatanta da kusan kashi 20% a cikin 2019 da 2020.
Ci gaba da samar da kayayyaki ya kara tsananta cunkoso a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Amurka da Turai, tare da cika sarkar samar da kayayyaki da kuma ci gaba da cunkoso a yawancin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Amurka da Turai.An yi jigilar masu jigilar teku gabaɗaya kuma babu isassun kwantena don biyan buƙatun kamfanoni da yawa.
Wannan ya haifar da tabo farashin daga Asiya zuwa Gabashin Yamma na Amurka na kusan dala 5,000 a kowace naúrar ƙafa arba'in (ƙarar da kashi 260 cikin ɗari a daidai wannan lokacin a bara), yayin da farashin tabo zuwa arewacin Turai fiye da $8,000, kuma masu jigilar kaya sun sake motsa kayan zuwa iska.
Darektan bunkasa kasuwancin jigilar kayayyaki na Air Robert Frey (Robert Frei) ya fada a cikin jaridar hna air index na watan Fabrairu cewa za a kashe dalar Amurka 110,000 don jigilar kaya zuwa Turai kan matsakaicin farashin jigilar jiragen sama.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 18-2021