Kuze kube manje, imithwalo yezindiza isilulame emthelela walolu bhubhane. Ngokusho kombiko wemakethe wanyanga zonke we-IATA, inani lezimpahla ezithuthwa ngendiza ngoJanuwari laliphansi ngamaphesenti angu-19.5 kuphela kunango-2019. (Idatha ayibhekiselwanga ngenxa yalolu bhubhane ngo-2020). Isixhumi, Amabhulokhi Etheminali futhi Isibonisi Sesipikili Esinezipoki kufanele kuqashelwe.
Ikheli Lokubuza: https://www.iata.org/en/iata-repository/publications/economic-reports/air-freight-monthly-analysis---january-2021/
Kubikwa ukuthi izimakethe zezimpahla zomoya zibuyele esimweni sazo sokuqala kusukela zafika ezingeni eliphansi ngo-Ephreli 2020, kuyilapho ukusebenza kwabagibeli bezindiza kusalokhu kuphansi.
Idatha ekhishwe yisevisi yedatha ye-CLIVE yaseLondon, evame ukufana ne-IATA, ayizange ibonise ukukhula okuhle kwaze kwaba nguFebhuwari. Nakuba uFebhuwari wayengaphansi kwezinsuku ezintathu kunoJanuwari, izinga lomthwalo lalisaqinile kakhulu, kanti isilinganiso samandla endiza afakiwe sisondela kumaphesenti angama-70 kanye nokukhula kwanyanga zonke okungu-7%.
Izindleko zazo zonke izindlela zokuhamba nezinkinga zochungechunge lokuhlinzeka zisikisela ngokuqinile ukuthi imakethe yezimpahla zomoya izoshisa futhi ibe nzima engxenyeni elandelayo yonyaka, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwentwasahlobo nehlobo kwangaphambilini.
Amabhizinisi amaningi athutha izimpahla zisuka olwandle ziye emoyeni ngenxa yokwanda kwesidingo, ukuminyana kwemikhumbi, isikhathi eside sokulinda kanye nokuntuleka kwama-container.
01 Imikhiqizo eminingi "kusukela olwandle kuya emoyeni"
Ake sizwe ukuthi laba bangenisi bathini.
1 Umphathi wezokuthutha womthumeli wamabhayisikili iCanyon bicycle USA uthe:
Iningi lempahla yenkampani yethu lithunyelwa ngolwandle, kodwa amabhayisikili athandwa kakhulu athunyelwa ngendiza, ngenxa yobhubhane, isidingo sethu semikhiqizo sikhuphuke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthunyelwa ngendiza kuyashesha, sidinga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende.
Sasivame ukuthola "ukuthunyelwa okubalulekile" khona kanye echwebeni lokuthumela ngenkokhelo eyengeziwe, kodwa manje akusadingeki nhlobo, ngoba ngisho nasechwebeni laseLos Angeles, asisakwazi ukuthola izimpahla.
Ngaphambi kokuqubuka kwalesi sifo, ukuthunyelwa ngakunye olwandle kwathatha izinsuku ezingama-20-30, kodwa manje kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-60-70. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kakhulu kithi, futhi umthelela ekusebenzeni kwethu mkhulu, ngakho-ke angikwazi ukulinda, ngingakhetha kuphela ukuthuthwa ngendiza.
Isikhulu Esiphezulu Sokukhula Kwe-Secco Logistics uBrian Bourke uthe:
Uma ufuna ukuthumela ibhavu lokugeza elisuka eShanghai liye eNew York ngolwandle, izindleko zingaba ngu-$1000, okuzothatha izinsuku ezingu-35-45, okungahlanganisi isikhathi sokulinda sokubhukha kusengaphambili ukuze kuthuthwe ngolwandle.
Futhi ngokwesisindo somkhiqizo, imithwalo ngendiza icishe ibe ngu-$2000-3000. Kodwa imithwalo ngendiza ithatha izinsuku ezingu-3-4 kuphela. Ngakho-ke izindleko eziphindwe kabili zingonga amasonto angu-4-7, okuyinto ebalulekile kwabanye abaphakeli kanye nabangenisi.
Iphini likamongameli we-3SEKO wezimpahla zomoya zomhlaba wonke uShawn Richard uthe:
Imishini emikhulu yezemidlalo, njengamatafula e-table tennis kanye nama-treadmill, ivame ukuthuthwa ngolwandle ngenxa yezinkinga zezindleko. Kodwa manje, ngenxa yobhubhane lomhlaba wonke, abantu abaningi kudingeka bahlale emakhaya, okuholela ekukhuleni kwesidingo sale mikhiqizo, okwamanje ethuthwa ngendiza.
Iphini likamongameli we-4CH Robinson uMatt Castle uthe:
Angikaze ngicabange ukuthi ngizobona umshini wokuhlanza uthuthwa ngendiza, kodwa manje sekwenzekile. Sizobona izimpahla eziningi ezidinga ukuthuthwa ngokushesha ziphoqelelwa ukuba zithuthwe ngendiza kunokuba "zilinde".
Isidingo somoya sisashisa kakhulu
Akukho sibonakaliso sokuthi isidingo sokuthuthwa ngendiza siyawohloka.
Ama-oda okukhiqiza nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele abonise ukukhula okuqinile izinyanga eziningi, ngokusho kwe-PMI. Isilinganiso sempahla ethengiswayo nokuthengiswayo sisephansi, futhi abathumeli abaningi baphendukela ekuthuthweni ngendiza ukuze baphathe impahla ebalulekile noma ethengiswa ngokushesha.
I-National Retail Federation ibikezela ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwezitolo e-US kuzokhula ngo-6.5% kuya ku-8.2%, isilinganiso sokukhula eminyakeni emihlanu edlule besingu-4.5. I-International Monetary Fund ilindele ukuthi ukuthengiswa kwezitolo e-US kuzokhula ngo-5.1% ngo-2021, kusho izazi zezomnotho, Umkhiqizo wasekhaya (i-GDP) uzokhula ngamaphesenti angu-4.5 kuya kwangu-5. Ngokusho kwe-eMarketer kanye noMnyango Wezohwebo wase-US, ubhubhane luguqule ukuhweba nge-e-commerce kwaba "isitimela esiphuthumayo". Njengoba ukuthengisa kukhule ngo-28% emhlabeni jikelele, e-United States kukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-32.4.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafektri amaningi ahlala evuliwe kulo nyaka ngoba uhulumeni waseShayina ukhuthaza abasebenzi ukuthi bagubhe uNyaka Omusha khona manjalo. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuthunyelwa ngendiza kwehle ngamaphesenti angama-30 kuphela, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angama-60 ngokujwayelekile. Isibonelo, inani lokuhweba lisuka eShayina liya eYurophu lenyuke cishe izikhathi ezinhlanu ngoFebhuwari 2021 uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.
INyakatho Melika iyisihamba phambili ezimakethe ezinkulu zezindiza, lapho isidingo samazwe ngamazwe sikhuphuke ngo-8.5% ngoJanuwari, sisuka ku-4.4% ngoDisemba. Iningi lemisebenzi lenziwa kulo lonke elasePacific noma ngezindawo zokungenisa izindiza eMpumalanga Ephakathi ngaphandle kwe-Asia. Amandla omhlaba wonke esifundeni ehle ngamaphesenti angu-8.5.
Ngakho-ke uma isidingo sempahla yokuthutha ngendiza sishisa kangaka, kuthiwani ngempahla yokuthutha ngendiza?
03 Impahla isesephezulu
Ngemva konyaka omusha waseShayina, amanani entengo yezindiza aphinde akhuphuka, ikakhulukazi e-Asia.
Abahlaziyi bathi amanani ayemancane amathuba okwehla engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka njengoba izimpahla zezindiza ezinkulu ezisele zamazwekazi zisengaphansi kakhulu kwamazinga angaphambi kobhubhane futhi umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwezimpahla wawu-odwe ngokweqile.
Abaqaphi bemakethe bachaza ukuthutha ngendiza njengokuguquguqukayo. Ubhubhane lushintshe izimpilo zabantu kanye nezimo zomnotho. Ngakho-ke ochwepheshe bezokuthutha ngezindiza bathi kunzima ukwenza izibikezelo mayelana nendlela imakethe ezohamba ngayo. Isidingo esikhulu kakhulu sokungeniswa kwezimpahla kwamanye amazwe kanye nokuntuleka kwezindiza kwandise izindiza zase-Asia ngo-50% engxenyeni yokuqala kaFebhuwari.
I-FreightWaves I-SONAR nezinye izinkomba zibonisa ukuthi izinkampani manje zibhukha cishe izindleko zokuhamba ngendiza ezindleleni eziyinhloko izikhathi ezingu-2.5 uma kuqhathaniswa neminyaka yamuva nje.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthunyelwa kwezindiza kwehle ngo-30% kuphela ngesonto lokuqala ngemva konyaka omusha wenyanga, owaqala ngoFebhuwari 12, cishe ingxenye yeminyaka emibili yokuqala yezindiza, njengoba iShayina ingazange imise umsebenzi kulo nyaka. Isisindo sendiza siphansi ngo-1% kuphela, uma kuqhathaniswa cishe no-20% ngo-2019 nango-2020.
Ukuqhubeka kokukhiqiza kuye kwandisa ukuminyana emachwebeni e-United States naseYurophu, kwanda kakhulu iziteshi zokulethwa kwempahla kanye nokuminyana okuqhubekayo emachwebeni amaningi e-United States naseYurophu. Izinkampani zokuthutha zasemanzini sezibhukishwe ngokugcwele futhi azinazo izitsha ezanele zokuhlangabezana nokwanda kwesidingo esivela ezinkampanini eziningi.
Lokhu kwaholela emananini aqondile ukusuka e-Asia kuya eNtshonalanga ye-United States of America angaba ngu-$5,000 ngeyunithi elilingana namamitha angamashumi amane (ukwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu-260 esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule), kwathi amanani aqondile enyakatho yeYurophu angaphezu kuka-$8,000, kwathi abathumeli baphinde bathutha izimpahla emoyeni.
Umqondisi wokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi le-air freight index uRobert Frey (uRobert Frei) uthe ephephandabeni le-hna air index likaFebhuwari ukuthi kuzobiza u-$110,000 ukuthumela isitsha eYurophu ngamanani ajwayelekile okuthutha ngendiza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-18-2021